20 15 postgraduate course: combing the important knowledge points of modern and contemporary literature in China (6)?

1, the concept of avant-garde novels

A: Avant-garde novel: a genre of novel creation that appeared in China in the middle and late 1980s, showing a strong flavor of western modernist literature in terms of creative ideas and formal skills. Also known as post-trendy novels and "quasi-modernism". The main writers are Ma Yuan, Can Xue, Su Tong, Ge Fei, Yu Hua, Ye, Sun Ganlu, Hong Feng, Bei Cun and others.

Three characteristics: (1) rebellion of discourse, that is, subversion and resistance to authoritative narrative discourse. (2) avant-garde in form, that is, boldly trying the latest stylistic experiment. (3) The diversity of forms, that is, modernist novels (Yu Hua and Can Xue), postmodern novels (Ma Yuan), deconstructive novels (Wang Shuo) and new historical novels (Su Tong).

2. The literary concept of avant-garde novels.

A: The literary concept of avant-garde novels:

1. Pay attention to the survival value of individuals: the value of avant-garde novels: "It is a truth to respect everyone-indeed everyone." Yu Hua: "A true writer will always write only for his own heart" (Yu Hua: "Living &; Middot preface) 2. Psychological truth: the truth view of avant-garde novels: (1) Pure objective truth: the truth view of traditional realism or naturalism. Zola: "The highest character of a novelist is realism". Realism means truly feeling and expressing nature. (2) The truth of ideology: the true view of socialist realism. Zhou Yang: "To judge whether a work is socialist realism is mainly not to see whether the content it describes is socialist real life, but to show the truth of life in the revolutionary development from the socialist point of view and position. "(3) Yu Hua: the truth of the spirit. Yu Hua: "I think life is actually very unreal." "Mentally, I even think many things are too real ... 3. Psychological time: the time view of avant-garde novels: the time structure of smoke-"juxtaposition "narrative. The experiences of characters 4, 7, 2, 3, fortune tellers, drivers and others in the novel often unfold at the same time.

3. The theme discourse of Yu Hua's novels.

A: Yu Hua is regarded as a person obsessed with violence and evil. He showed the harsh situation of human existence and the coldness of living conditions.

1, the cruelty of human nature and the absurdity of existence: a reality; Traveling at Eighteen describes the tendency of violence and the indifference of human nature. A reality: brothers kill each other-violent tendency in human nature; 1986: The madman cuts himself; Classical Love: The girl was dismembered and made into an adult disc. The evil of human nature transcends the times; Past events and punishment: the cruelty of punishment and the fate of penalty experts. Wait a minute. 2. Personal commitment to historical suffering: living. (1) Death and loneliness: the historical sufferings of the Fu Gui family. (1) Son Youqing died first, because he drew blood for the wife of the county magistrate, (2) Daughter Xia Feng died in childbirth. His wife Jia Zhen died of weakness caused by hunger. (4) Son-in-law Hill was killed by a cement slab while working as a construction worker in the city. (5) Sun Tzu's bitter root was killed by eating beans. What is alive is not real. (2) The cause of individual historical suffering: (1) fate. To be alive tells the story of friendship between a man and his destiny. (2) Social and historical factors. (3) man-made disasters. For example, the Great Leap Forward and the commune caused great disasters to ordinary farmers, that is, the family broke down and the family was ruined. (3) Resist fate and suffering. Fu Gui still stubbornly insisted on "being alive". "Being alive" has become an attitude towards life. 3. Living alienation form: Xu Sanguan sells blood. I have to sell my penis in order to survive.

4. Discourse connotation of Can Xue's novels.

A: Can Xue's novels generally express such a discourse connotation, that is, the fable and nightmare of absurd life.

1, "Others are hell"-the deterioration of interpersonal relationships. Cabin on the mountain: the bad relationship between family members; Lao Yun: The relationship between family and neighbors is not good; 2. Alienation or distortion of human nature: Huangni Street: cancer of the heart. 3. Humble existence (meaningless)-the great inventor in the thought report A: Before that, I want to tell you something that has been in my heart for a long time, and that is: I live a hellish life. He is recognized as a great inventor by the Ministry of Industry. Condescending contempt for others. But it is no different from "mediocrity". Have a strong jealousy. Fighting with neighbor one, neighbor two and fashionable colleagues has worsened the relationship with his wife.

(Note: main novel: short story: cabin on the mountain. Medium-length: Old Cloud, Huangni Street, Thought Report, etc. Dragon: "Breakthrough performance". )

5. Metafiction narration or "narrative trap" in Ma Yuan's novels.

A: 1. Meta-fiction narration: Meta-fiction is a novel that deliberately exposes the fiction of the novel. It is also considered as a super novel. First, deliberately expose fictional narrative behavior-to deconstruct the realistic view that literature is a reflection of real life. The second is to explain the process of my conception in the novel-how to take narrative as the writing object of the novel. Traditional Novel: Narration of Story —— Meta-novel: Narration of Narration.

2. Ma Yuan's metafiction narrative skills or "narrative trap" (Wu Liangyu).

(1) directly or intentionally exposes the fictional nature of the novel. Section 19 of the novel begins like this: "Readers, before I finish this tragic story, I have to say that the following ending is fictional. Sometimes the author, the narrator and the novel characters are integrated. (2) Intentionally exposing the creative schema or process of the novel. (3) The narrator is constantly changing. (4) Interlaced narrative or spatial narrative. (5) Puzzle: illogical narrative structure. 3. Meaning behind "form": Ma Yuan's novels seek new philosophical meaning. (1) narrative tension. Spatial narrative, with spatial contrast, forms narrative tension. (2) Giving contingency a vital position. (3) Explain the possibilities of life. (4) Cultural philosophy.

For more information, please click: 20 15 Postgraduate Specialized Course: Summary of Important Knowledge Points of Modern and Contemporary Literature in China.

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