What is the legend of Baoji?

Baoji was originally named Chencang, and Chencang County was established in Qin and Han Dynasties. In 757 AD, two years after Tang Suzong arrived in Germany, Baoji was renamed according to the legend of "the land where chickens crow". "Baoji" was originally a god's name, but it was changed to a place name in the Tang Dynasty. It has a history of 1200 years.

"Historical Records Qin Benji": "During the years of AD, I was an official in Xiqiao. In three years, Duke Wen hunted east with 700 soldiers. Four years, to Wei Zhihui. Yue:' I was captured here in the Book of Changes in the pre-Qin period and later became a vassal'. It is Buju, Zhanjiji, that is, camp. " Qin Wengong's camp in the "Meeting of Weishui" is the second capital after Qin people moved into Guanzhong, namely Chencang City. Because there is Chencang Mountain in China, it was renamed as "Chencang".

The location of Chencang City is recorded in Yuanhe County Records: "Chencang Ancient City is located twenty miles east of this county and was built by Qin Wengong." "Baoji Modern History" records: "Chencang has two ancient cities, the upper city was built and the lower city was built by Wei Jiang, both in the east." The description of Chen Cangcheng in Baoji County Records is more detailed and specific. Among them, it said: "Baoji was the State of Chen in Yongzhou during the Xia and Shang Dynasties. Chencang County was established in Qin during the Warring States Period, and Chencang City was built in the history, which was called a shopping mall. The original site was near Daijiawan Village." [ 1]

The above historical data clearly show that the site where Qin Wengong built Chencang City is near Daijiawan Village, Jijitai (now Doujitai) in the east of Baoji City.

Chencang City is not only the political, economic and cultural center after Qin people entered Guanzhong, but also the frontier of Qin people's further eastward expansion. Qin Wengong, which has been operating here for 48 years, is the capital city where Qin people lived in Guanzhong for the longest time in the early days. Therefore, ancient Chen Cang occupies an important position in the history of Qin people's development and has important milestone significance. It is also in Chencang, an ancient and beautiful land, that Qin Wengong inherited his father's business and the unfinished business of "xianggong", and led the Qin people to work hard and make great efforts to make it the home front for the Qin people to expand eastward and finally dominate.

The so-called "wisdom of crowing" refers to the fairy tale about "Chen Bao", that is, "Baoji God", which took place in the ancient land of Chencang in Qin Wengong period and spread widely. Qin people were very interested in "Chen Bao" and set up "Chen Baodian" for its sacrifice. What exactly is "Chen Bao"? Why do Qin people attach so much importance to "Paul Chen"? Is there any social background and historical reason? This paper attempts to make an in-depth discussion and research on this issue from the following aspects, with a view to finding the real historical root of Qin people's worship of "Chen Bao", that is, "Baoji God".

(A)' Chen Bao' as a' Ruoshi' theory

And "Ruoshi" changed from a little girl to a pheasant essence. Jintai Kangdizhi said: "In Qin Wengong, Chencang people hunted an unknown beast and gave it to them. Every two boys. The boy said, it's called'' and it often eats the brains of the dead in the field, that is, it kills them and hits them on the head. The second boy's name is Chen Bao. He who gets a man is king, and he who gets a woman is overlord. Chencang people are chasing two children and become pheasants (pheasants). The mother is Chencang Beiosaka, not a stone. Qin Zhi Zhi laughed.

According to this record, "Chen Bao" was changed from a girl in a second-born boy to a pheasant, flew to the north of Chencang, landed in Osaka, and then turned into a stone, which was obtained by Qin Wengong when he was hunting. It seems that Qin Wengong regards Baoji as a "treasure" and has established a shrine to worship it.

(2) The theory that "Chen Bao" is a "meteorite"

"Historical Records" said: "If Wen Gong gets Shi Yun, he will be in the shrine of Beisakamoto and Chencang. Its god is neither old nor young, and often comes at night, shining like a meteor. If you come from the southeast and gather in the temple city, if you are a rooster, your voice will be very cloudy. Pheasant night. Take the prison and protect it. " Su, a famous archaeologist, said, "However, the so-called Ruoshi and Chen Bao are just meteors and meteorites.

According to Li Daoyuan in the Northern Wei Dynasty, he recorded in Notes on Water Classics and Wei Shui: "Chencang Mountain in Chencang County has Chenbao Jiming Temple. Yesterday, Wen Gong felt the word "Boyang". He hunted in Chencang and met in North Osaka. He was as stone as liver. Back to Bozoji. So, Chen Bao. It is also a southeast wind, and the sound is like thunder. All pheasants can crow. Therefore, it is also called' Chicken God'. " According to this theory, the so-called Chen Bao is just a meteorite, which fell from southeast to Chencang Beibankan overnight. The meteorite fell in the silent night, causing a mountain pheasant to scream. People don't understand a natural phenomenon, so they say "a chicken crows on the ground". The next day, a man named Bo Yang advised Qin Wengong to use this auspicious symbol to show that he got help from God at the beginning of the city, so Qin Wengong took people to Chencang Mountain to look for it in the name of hunting. Later, this meteorite was found on the north slope, and it was "returned to the Treasure Hall, so it was called Chen Bao". It is said that there were "meteorites" first, then "chickens crowed", and "meteorites landed and pheasants crowed", which is a natural phenomenon that Qin Wengong used.

However, the above two statements are ultimately related to the "Chicken God", which shows that there is no doubt that Qin Wengong won the Chen Bao and established the "Chen Bao Temple" as the "Baoji God".