What is the thirteenth summary of The Scholars?

Chapter 13 of The Scholars concludes that Guo Gongsun Zan got to know him, and he started a class to help others learn, listening to him talk about the tricks of entering a higher school, which was very inspiring. The servant of the landlord's house was locked in an affair with the secret servant girl and ran away with the box that Wang Hui had left in the old man's house. Mi Gongsun sued the official, and the servant with him learned that the box was the stolen goods of the judge, cheated all the money of Guancheng, and cheated Mi Gongsun of money in the name of Guancheng, pretending to ask Shuanghong to be redeemed. I didn't see Guo Gongsun Sheng, so I found him and tried to calm things down with my own money.

Extended reading

Brief introduction of the author

Wu (1701-1754), a novelist in Qing dynasty, whose real name was Gu Min, was an old man named Wenmu, a Qinhuai guest, and a native of Quanjiao, Anhui. One of the greatest novelists in Qing Dynasty. Because there is a "Wenmu Mountain Residence" at home, he called himself "Wenmu Old Man" in his later years, and because he moved from his hometown in Quanjiao, Anhui Province to Qinhuai River in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, he was also called "Qinhuai River Guest". In his early years, he lived well, but his family business declined and moved to Jiangning. In the early years of Qianlong, he recommended learned words, excused his illness, and eventually became poor. Poetry and prose works, especially the novel The Scholars, have the highest achievements. In addition, there are twelve volumes of Wenmu Fang Shan's Poems (four existing volumes), seven volumes of Wenmu Fang Shan's Poems (forty-three existing ones) and The Scholars.

brief Introduction of the content

The Scholars is a typical work of China's ancient satirical literature. Fifty-six chapters in the book show a genre painting of China society in the 18th century with a series of relatively independent stories. Focusing on the life and mental state of feudal literati, this paper starts with exposing the imperial examination system and its enslavement of the ugly souls of the following people, portrays all beings of different classes in a specific era, and attacks the stereotyped writing system that corrodes the souls of literati.

"The Scholars" takes "fame and fortune as the bone of the article" and runs through the whole text. The ideological content of the book is mainly divided into two parts: one is the severe criticism and vitriol of the imperial examination system and scholars; The first is the eager desire for an ideal society and moral model.

Story background

The Scholars is an outstanding realistic satirical novel in the history of China literature. The Scholars is about the Scholars. In other words, The Scholars is not an official history, does not reflect the official will, and is not unofficial history. Its main purpose is to "write the true things in the world", criticize the current disadvantages and satirize the world.

The author Wu lived in a time when the Qing dynasty was moving towards stability, and the imperial examination system had passed its heyday, and its disadvantages gradually emerged. The scribes are obsessed with their careers and are morally corrupt. "The Scholars" mainly describes the scholars' history, as Lu Xun said, "The machine is in the forefront, especially in the scholars." Most of the characters in the book have the shadows of real people and events at that time. In order to avoid persecution by the ruling class in Qing Dynasty, Wu deliberately described the story as Ming Dynasty. The purpose of the author's writing is to create a portrait of a feudal scholar living in the last days of feudalism and the imperial examination system, vividly depict the imperial examination system, the ethical code system and the corrupt political system, and show a picture of social customs in the feudal imperial examination era.

Typical characters in the text

The book focuses on depicting a group of scholars who are keen on fame and fortune, thus exposing and satirizing the decay of the imperial examination system and the hypocrisy of the whole feudal morality.

Typical examples of corrupt Confucianism-Zhou Jin and Jin Fan; Typical corrupt officials-Tang Feng and Wang Hui; Typical stereotyped writing fans-edited by Lu: positive examples-Wang Mian and Du Fu.

From Zhou Jin's crying, Jin Fan's laughing and Wang Yuhui's laughing and crying again, we can see that the author's pen does not refer to someone, but to the imperial examination system and feudal ethics. Therefore, when the author praises or criticizes characters, his satire always closely revolves around the essence of things and shows his discretion. Different typical characters show different ideological and cognitive values.

Artistic feature

This is an outstanding realistic satire novel, written in vernacular Chinese. The language is accurate, the humor is vivid, the details are vivid, the characters are vivid, the satire is superb and wonderful, and the art has reached a higher level. Mr. Lu Xun believes that The Scholars is "a book that can be called an opening satire".