How did Xiaozhuang die?

Xiaozhuang was born on the eighth day of February in the forty-first year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty (16 13). Ten years of destiny (1625), married Huang taiji, the eighth son of Nurhachi, as the side Fujin; In the first year of Chongde (1636), after Huang Taiji proclaimed himself emperor in Shengjing, he was named Princess Yongfu Palace. Fu Lin (the emperor shunzhi), the ninth son of Chongde for three years.

In the eighth year of Chongde (1643), Huang Taiji died, and the emperor shunzhi acceded to the throne, being the same clan as Empress Wen, and called the Empress Dowager. Shunzhi eight years (165 1), the emblem is called Queen Zhao Sheng; After Emperor Kangxi ascended the throne, he was honored as the Empress Dowager. In the 26th year of Kangxi (1688 65438+1October 27th), he died on December 25th at the age of 75.

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Xiao Zhuang is beautiful in nature, persistent in nature, fond of reading, smart and resourceful. When Huang Taiji was in power, she was the right-hand man. "The more years you spend sponsoring internal affairs," and "Taizong Wen helped build Peiji." He assisted Huang Taiji in inheriting Nurhachi's achievements, continued to unify the ministries of Jurchen, and constantly used troops against North Korea and the Ming Dynasty, which stabilized Huang Taiji's dominant position and laid the foundation for entering the customs.

In the eighth year of Chongde (1643), Huang Taiji died of sudden illness before establishing an heir. At that time, Xiaozhuangfang was 32 years old. In the face of the complicated struggle situation of "Wang brothers fighting for chaos and spying on artifacts", she took her time, exerted her strategy and won the support of all parties. Finally, her son Fu Lin succeeded to the throne. When Fu Lin came to Beijing to be called the emperor shunzhi, she fully supported the governance of the country.

In the eighteenth year of Shunzhi (166 1), the emperor shunzhi died of illness and was succeeded by Michelle Ye. She carefully cultivated Michelle Ye, formulated a general plan for governing the country for him, and guided various government affairs, and finally made Kangxi a very successful monarch in the history of China.

By September of the 26th year of Kangxi, Xiaozhuang, who had worked hard all his life, died of illness at the age of 75.

In the political life of half a century, from the period of Emperor Taizong, to the period of the emperor shunzhi's rule, and then to the early Kangxi Dynasty, Xiao Zhuang was a respected historical figure in the whole Qing ruling group. She devoted a lot of efforts and made important contributions to the establishment and development of the Qing Dynasty, and was worthy of being an outstanding woman who experienced three dynasties in the early Qing Dynasty.

Assist Shunzhi in succession and lead his own affairs in many difficulties. As mentioned above, when Huang Taiji died suddenly in 1643, there was a fierce battle for the throne among the nobles of the Manchu Dynasty because the heir to the throne was not established.

At that time, the most powerful and influential Prince Dourgen of Switzerland and Prince Haug of Su both had the desire to seize the throne, and they were evenly matched. If it is not properly solved, Manchu may be torn apart.

With the support of the filial piety queen, Xiao Zhuang used the power struggle between Dourgen and Haug to persuade them skillfully, making Dourgen and Haug weak and difficult to convince the public. The two sides had to reach a compromise, proposing that Huang Taiji's nine sons and six-year-old Fu Lin should inherit the throne, and agreed that the Eight Banners should be shared equally by Dourgen and Zheng Qinwang Gilhallan.

This compromise not only inherited Fu Lin's throne, but also avoided the division of the Qing regime due to civil strife, which was a crucial move for the Qing dynasty on the eve of its entry into GATT.

In May of the first year of Shunzhi (1June 644), Dourgen led the Qing army into Beijing. In September of the same year, Xiao Zhuang entered Beijing with Shunzhi, and Fu Lin made Beijing its capital as the founding emperor of the Qing Dynasty. However, due to his outstanding military exploits and growing influence, Dourgen ignored the young Shunzhi, blatantly monopolized power, ganged up for personal gain, rejected dissidents and sought to ascend the throne, threatening Shunzhi's position at all times.

To this end, Xiao Zhuang used strategy to win and control Dourgen's carrot and stick.

On the one hand, he managed to make him devote himself to the great cause of Yu Daqing's reunification and serve the rule of the emperor shunzhi. He was successively named Regent, the Regent of his uncle and the Regent of his father, which made him occupy a high position and satisfy his selfish desires. On the other hand, he tried his best to curb the expansion of his ambition, and used various forces to prevent his ambition from succeeding. It was not until the seventh year of Shunzhi (1650) that Dourgen died of illness that the emperor shunzhi began to take power.

When Shunzhi led the government, he was still a teenager of thirteen or fourteen. Xiaozhuang is not only his mother, but also his powerful protector and mentor, trying his best to help the government. In order to eliminate the residual forces and various anti-Qing forces as soon as possible, she tried every means to win over a group of powerful upper-class forces of the Han nationality, trying to make Kong Youde, Wu Sangui and Geng who had surrendered to the Qing Dynasty submit to the Qing Dynasty and become Wang Jinjue.

Kong Sizhen, the daughter of Kong Youde, the king of Pingnan, was also adopted as a daughter by the monarch, and she was in the Education Palace. He also married the daughters of Huang Taiji and Princess Heshuo to Wu Xiongying, the son of Wu Sangui, the then King of Yue, through marriage, who was both kept in a cage and controlled. In addition, due to the long-term war in the early Qing Dynasty, social production was seriously damaged, a large number of victims were displaced, and the society was extremely unstable.

To this end, Xiao Zhuang advocated thrift in the palace many times and used the surplus money in the palace to help the victims many times. This is not only conducive to easing social contradictions and maintaining social stability, but also conducive to stabilizing Shunzhi's dominant position. The social contradictions in the early Qing dynasty were complicated, including the sharp contradictions of Manchu and Han nationalities and the conflicts of rights and interests balance within Manchu.

In such a complicated and contradictory situation, the Qing Dynasty was able to quickly realize the rule of the whole country for many reasons, and Xiao Zhuang's assistance to Shunzhi was indispensable.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Queen of Xiao Zhuang Literature

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