What's the difference between Guangzhou dialect and Shenzhen dialect?

● Longgang Hakka dialect: mainly distributed in Buji, Nanwan, Bantian, Henggang, Longgang, Pingshan, Pingdi, Kengzi, Kwai Chung and other towns in Longgang District. Longgang Hakka dialect is connected to Dongguan Hakka dialect in the north, Pingshan Hakka dialect and Huiyang Hakka dialect in the east, and Hakka dialect in New Territories in northern Hong Kong in the south.

● Longhua Hakka dialect: It is different from Longgang Hakka dialect in tone, but it is roughly the same and can communicate smoothly. They are mainly distributed in Zhi Min, Da Lang, Guanlan in Longhua District and Shangmeilin in Futian District.

Yantian Hakka dialect: It comes down in one continuous line with Longgang Hakka dialect, and is the daily communication language of Li Antang, Buxin, Caopu, Dawang, Shatoujiao and Zhongying Street in Yantian.

● Dapeng Hakka dialect: Dapeng Hakka dialect is the most widely used dialect on Dapeng Peninsula, followed by Dapeng dialect. Dapeng Hakka Dialect is a branch of Longgang Hakka Dialect, which is different from Yantian Hakka Dialect, Luohu Hakka Dialect and Hong Kong New Territories Hakka Dialect in vocabulary, mainly distributed in Kwai Chung, South Australia, Dapeng and other places.

● Western Hakka dialect: It is mainly distributed in most areas of Shiyan and some areas of Xixiang in Baoan District, which is basically the same as the Hakka dialects in Shekou and Xili in Nanshan.

● Dapeng dialect: a mixed dialect of Hakka and Cantonese. Its geographical distribution is mainly in Dapeng Peninsula, the easternmost part of Shenzhen, including Dapeng and Nan 'ao Town.

● Baoan Cantonese: mainly distributed in the western part of Shenzhen and the junction of southern Hong Kong and the New Territories. Its geographical scope includes five towns of Xixiang, Fuyong, Shajing, Gong Ming and Songgang, Guangming Street and some areas of Luohu and Futian, and its representative languages are Shajing dialect and Gong Ming dialect.

● Nantou dialect: Its population is only about 5,000 in Nantou area. The representative point of Nantou dialect is the dialect spoken by the aborigines in Nantou-"Nantou Jiujie Dialect". The use area of "Nantou Jiujie Dialect" extends from Nantou City to the surrounding natural villages such as Yijia, Guankou, Tianxia, Chongxia, Longwu, Chencun and Beitou.

● Weitou dialect: Weitou dialect is called "local dialect" or "local dialect" by local people. It belongs to the unique dialect formed by the residents of the Central Plains who went south to Shenzhen in the past dynasties. It is mainly used in the west of Guangzhou-Kowloon Railway in Luohu District of Shenzhen and in most areas of Futian District.

● Other small dialects:

Tujia dialect is a dialect widely used by boat people living in rivers, lakes and seas in the southeast coastal areas, with a very small population.

Mianmi dialect is a mixed language of Hakka dialect and Minnan dialect, mainly distributed in Pingdi and Kengzi areas in the northeast of Shenzhen, with a population of hundreds.

Jiwei dialect is a dialect used by Jiwei people who immigrated from Guangzhou, Dongguan, Panyu and Nanhai in the 1920s and 1950s. Mainly distributed in Daxin and Baishizhou in Nanshan and Xin 'an, Xixiang, Fuyong and Shajing in Baoan District, with a population of 6.5438+0.6 million.

According to the records of Baoan County, before the establishment of Shenzhen in 1979, the Hakkas in Baoan County (now Shenzhen) accounted for 56% of the total indigenous population [1]? .

In addition, according to the investigation of Baoan County Records Office 1985, Hakka dialect accounts for about 56% of the registered population in the county [2]? .

The Hakkas in Shenzhen are mainly distributed in the central, eastern and northern parts of Shenzhen, accounting for about 70% of Shenzhen. For example, Longhua District, Longgang District, Pingshan District, Yantian District, Dapeng New District and Shiyan in Baoan, Xili, Baimang and Shekou in Nanshan, Meilin in Futian and east of Luohu Guangjiu Railway.

Hakka people first entered Shenzhen in the Song and Yuan Dynasties, when there were only a few Hakka villages, such as Futian Meilin, Baoan Shiyan, Guanlan, Longhua, Buji and Dapeng. It was in the middle and late Ming Dynasty that a little scale was formed, such as the so-called Henggang Longping (Ganggang) (Mountain) Kwai (Chung) area. Lai xing in Longgang and Xiao in Pingdi both moved in during this period. Huang Chaoxuan, surnamed Huang from Pingshan Kengzi, moved to jiangbiancun (now Kengzi, Shenzhen) in the late Ming Dynasty from Baimawanyao Village, Guishan County, Huizhou Prefecture? [3]? Huang, the second ancestor, was magnificent in the thirty years of Qing Emperor Kangxi. .

However, most of the Hakkas in Shenzhen entered one after another in the early Qing Dynasty, with the largest number from Jiaying and Huizhou. The immigration tide continued until Jiaqing, and Guangxu was the latest. Jiaying Prefecture and Huizhou are in the northeast of Shenzhen, so after Hakka immigrants enter Shenzhen, Longgang District, Yantian District, Longhua District and Dapeng New District are their concentrated residential areas.

There are many tourist attractions (cultural relics protection units) in Shenzhen that record local Hakkas, such as Hakka Folk Museum, Nanshui Village History Museum, Gankeng Hakka Town, Sha Tau Kok Fish Lantern Dance Museum, Longhua Qilin Museum, etc. Hakka gun house in Changyuan village, Nanshan, Guanlan print village, Dawang ancient temple in Dachong village, Dafen oil painting village, Sheng Mao World Residence, new residence of rivers and lakes, Dawan World Residence, Longtian World Residence, Huanshui Building, Tianfeng World Residence, General Lai Enjue, former residence of Chen En Bridge, Hongwei, Zeng Sheng's former residence, Xuanqing New Residence, Nanling Gun House, Luohu Qingshuihe Gun House, Xinqiao Stone Mansion and so on.

Many historical things of Shenzhen Hakka have become heritage protection, such as Li Wei's Kirin Dance, Dachuankeng Kirin Dance, Hakka Mao Liang Dance, Yantian Folk Song, Longgang Gege Dance, Longgang Dragon Dance, Yantian Dragon Dance, Shiyan Hakka Folk Song, Hakka Yunpian Cake, Hakka Tea Fruit Dance, Pingshan Kirin Dance, Sha Tau Kok Fish Lantern Dance and so on.