Upper limit rule

The latest NBA rules and explanations;

According to the new rules, the referee thinks that it is a violation of sports ethics for a player to intentionally cause a personal foul on a player who holds or does not hold the ball. In order to explain "intentional. This word, in order to correctly pronounce a foul that violates sports ethics, the new rules also clearly point out that the referee must follow the following principles when judging whether a foul violates sports ethics:

The first principle is that if a player tries to grab the ball through legal efforts, that is, to shoot with normal basketball skills, a foul occurs at this time, which is not a violation of sports ethics.

The second principle is that if a player tries to grab the ball but has excessive contact, it is a serious foul, and such excessive contact is a foul that violates sports ethics.

The third principle is that if a player pulls, hits or pushes away the kickoff player, it is not a game, but an act of violence. Usually, such behavior is immoral.

The rules also emphasize that the referee can only judge the action, and it is at the beginning and near the end of the game. In other words, in the whole game, we must use the scale of questioning to judge the foul that violates sports ethics. In particular, players who repeatedly violate sports ethics can be disqualified.

Q: What's the difference between a legal cover and an illegal cover? How to judge?

A: Legal cover and illegal cover not only involve the training of athletes, but also involve the on-the-spot judgment of referees. This is a problem that needs to be clarified and improved.

The so-called legal cover means:

1. When the contact occurs, the player who is covering the opponent stands still (in his column);

2. When the contact occurs, the player who covers the opponent has landed. The new rules increase the restrictions on immobility and gas cylinders.

The so-called illegal cover refers to:

1. When the contact occurs, the player covering the opponent is moving;

2. When contact occurs. It is to build a cover outside the vision of the opponent who is standing still, without giving an appropriate distance;

3. When contact occurs, it is to cover the moving opponent, regardless of time and distance.

In judging, we should pay attention to several issues:

1. If the cover is built in the field of vision (front or side) of the stationary opponent, the cover player can get as close as possible to the opponent as he wishes.

2. If the cover is built outside the vision of the stationary opponent, the cover player must allow the opponent to take a normal step towards him without contact.

3. If the opponent is moving, the factors of time and distance will apply. The cover player must leave enough space so that the covered player can avoid the cover by stopping or changing direction. The required distance should not be less than the normal 1 step, but not more than 2 steps.

Last but not least, any contact with a player who has established a legal cover is the responsibility of the covered player.

What are the principles for dealing with blocking or hitting people [players with the ball]?

1, the defender must face the player with the ball, land his feet and establish the initial legal defensive position.

2. In order to keep this defensive posture, the defender can stay still or move sideways or back.

As long as this lateral movement or retreat is considered as a normal defensive action, one or both feet can leave the ground for an instant during the action to maintain this defensive posture.

3, the defender must be in place first, contact must occur in the trunk.

If the contact occurs in the trunk, it should be considered that the defender has been in place first.

If the above three items are met, it is a foul caused by the player holding the ball.

Second dribble and offensive foul

1, A dribbles for the first time, holding the ball with both hands, and B goes forward to grab the ball in A's hand, but B doesn't let the ball fall from A's hand. Can you dribble again?

A: No, if you dribble again, you should be given a second dribble foul.

After a shot, the ball did not touch the opponent's player, nor did it touch the backboard and basket. Before the ball landed, A 1 jumped up again, making the ball strong enough to attack again. Is it illegal to sentence A to take the ball?

A: The key factor of this question depends on the judgment of the referee. If the referee thinks A is shooting, A can catch the ball again.

Touch the ground with your hands, pick up your steps and dribble?

A: If the ball doesn't leave the hand and doesn't conform to the dribbling rules of "throwing, patting or rolling the ball on the ground", it can't be regarded as the beginning of dribbling. If the ball has left the hand and been picked up, it is dribbling.

2.a pushes the defender away with his body before shooting. Is it okay?

A: No. A's behavior violated the rights and interests of others. Be convicted of a foul.

On the Relationship between three-second violation and Rebound

1. The attacker shot continuously for more than 3 seconds in the 3-second zone. Is it necessary to sentence him for three seconds?

A: There is no problem of 3 seconds of continuous shooting in the penalty area, because once the basketball is thrown, it means that the ball is out of control. The whole team didn't control the ball, so the individual didn't control the ball, so there was no 3-second violation.

2. When A and B compete for rebounds, A grabs the ball first, B goes forward to knock it off, and B hits A's hand while playing. Do you want to foul in this situation? Do all thugs have to foul?

A: Hand-to-hand combat is inevitable when both sides compete for rebounds, but the referee should not judge all contact as a foul. If the defender only touches the attacker slightly with his finger when grabbing the ball, it will not affect the game, so he can't make a judgment. If there is contact between the wrist and the whole palm, and this contact limits the freedom of movement of the opposing team members, that is, it brings benefits to the team members who caused the contact, then a foul should be awarded.

How to judge a foul when shooting?

A 1 shoot, when the ball clearly leaves the hand, the signal of the end of the first half of the game rings. Before the ball became a dead ball, B2 and A2 made physical contact. How to judge and deal with this situation?

A: According to the rules, at the end of each half or quarter, any foul that occurs at the same time as the timekeeper signals, or any possible free throw will be executed just before the foul. In this case, physical contact occurs after the signal is sent, so it can be ignored. If it is immoral, it can be dealt with as a technical foul during the halftime of the game.

A 1 shoot, the game ends when the ball flies up, and then B 1 hit the ball when it blocks the ball and enters the basket again. How to judge?

A: When the shot ball is legally touched by any flying player at halftime or after each quarter or after a foul is declared, it becomes a dead ball. So a hit is not a score.

Is it a foul to block in the back?

Blocking is a reasonable defensive action. Whether it is a foul or not depends on whether the defender has unreasonable physical contact with the attacker during defense. If there is no unreasonable physical contact, it is a good shot, otherwise it is a foul.

However, standing behind the attacker to defend can easily lead to fouls. Therefore, the referee will pay special attention to the defender standing behind the attacker, so people sometimes mistakenly think that "blocking behind is a foul."

Remember: the most important rule of basketball is whether there is unreasonable physical contact.

How to define the factors of "time and distance" in defense?

Time and distance should be considered when defending players without the ball. Defenders should not get too close to the moving opponent (not less than 1 step), and should leave enough time or distance for the opponent to stop or change direction. If the defender makes physical contact with the opponent regardless of time and distance, he should be responsible for the contact.

When holding the ball to defend the player (whether he holds the ball or not), the factors of time and distance are not applicable. In order to grab the ball, the defender will inevitably get close to the player with the ball. Players with the ball also want to be defended. Whenever an opponent occupies a legal defensive position in front of him, he must be prepared to stop or change direction. Of course, the defender must establish a legal defensive position without causing physical contact in order to occupy his position. If the defender has established the initial legal position and taken normal defensive actions, and the contact occurs in the trunk of the body, it is that the player holding the ball has hit the person; On the contrary, it is the defender who blocks it.

What is an appropriate cover?

Cover is a tactic in the basketball game. Refers to the reasonable actions taken by attacking players to cover their companions. The correct cover should be facing the covered player, with the distance of about 90 cm, with the knees bent with both feet open, and the upper body slightly leaning forward. Stand on the shortest route to cut off the defender and defensive action of the companion, and adjust the position by moving your feet in time according to the defensive action of the defender, forcing the protected person to move farther than his companion along the route, so that the companion can get rid of his opponent in a short time and get an attack opportunity. As a rule, the correct cover is a legal cover, and the legal cover should be:

He is stationary (in his cylinder) when he touches, and his feet are on the ground when he touches. The rules also stipulate that if the bunker is built in the field of vision (front or side) of the stationary opponent, the player can get as close to the opponent as possible without touching, as long as he wants. If the bunker is built out of the sight of the stationary opponent, the cover player must allow the opponent to take a normal step toward him without contact. If the opposing team members are moving, time and distance should be considered.

Dribble and layup

When 1 and A 1 lay up with the ball, B2 held the ball in A 1' s hand without touching any part of A 1' s body, and A 1 failed to lay up and fell down. How should this sentence be pronounced?

A: If A 1 falls without the ball in his hand, there is no need to make any judgment. If A 1 fails in jump shot and lands with the ball, A 1 should be sentenced for the crime of carrying the ball.

2.A2 dribbled and made a layup, and B3 accidentally fell on A2' s route when defending. A2 skips B3 with the ball to avoid stepping on B3. Should I get A2 for walking with the ball?

Answer: If the referee confirms that A2 is to protect B3 from being trampled, he should first order the whistle to make the ball a dead ball, and then award A2 to throw the ball out of bounds where the game stops.

Restrictions on throwing foul balls and attacking and pushing fouls

1. Is there a distance limit between the player holding the ball and the defender when throwing the foul ball?

A: No other player can let any part of his body cross the line before the ball is thrown over the line. When the edge of the field is less than five meters away from the out-of-bounds obstacle, neither player shall stand within 1 meter of the out-of-bounds player.

2. In order to get rid of the opponent's defense, the offensive player without the ball first pushes the defender away and then catches the pass from his partner (for example, Miller pushes Jordan when the Pacers play against the Bulls in the NBA98 playoffs). Is this a foul?

A: foul. Any unreasonable physical contact that infringes on the interests of others in the competition and ultimately achieves personal goals is not allowed by the rules. As for Miller pushing Jordan in the 1998 NBA playoffs of Pacers and Bulls, from the perspective of TV broadcast, the host thought it was a foul.

What are the restrictions on players in the 3-second zone?

What are the restrictions on players in the 1 and 3-second zones?

A: In conventional language, the three-second zone should be called the forbidden zone. The 3-second limit is aimed at the attacker in the game, that is, when a team is in possession of the ball on the court and the game timing clock is moving, the players should not stay in the opponent's penalty area for more than 3 seconds. Every line in the restricted area belongs to a part of the restricted area, and stepping on the line and crossing the line belong to the restricted area. When a player rebounds in the penalty area, neither side has possession of the ball, so there is no 3-second violation.

2.A 1 passes the ball to A3, because A 1 passes the ball too hard, which causes A3 to get rid of it after receiving the ball. When A3 gets the ball again, can it still dribble?

Answer: A3 is unstable in catching the ball and has not controlled the ball. You can continue dribbling after you get the ball.

About jump ball, three-pointer and defense

1. How do non-jumpers stand when jumping the ball? What are the requirements of the rules for non-jumper?

Answer: When jumping the ball, all non-jumping players must stand outside the circle before hitting the ball, and their own players are not allowed to stand next to each other around the circle.

2. A 1 shot outside the three-point line. When the ball rises, B2 jumps up and defends on the three-point line. After B2 touches the ball, the ball hits the basket. How many points does A 1 get?

A: The old rule scored 3 points when calculating A 1, and the new rule scored 2 points when calculating A 1.

A1and B4 stand back to back. When rebounding, A 1 gives way and B4 falls to the ground. How to punish?

A: There is no sentencing. Because B4 fell to the ground by herself.

About blocking foul

A 1 dribbles, B2 tries to grab the ball from the side of A 1. B2' s arm touched A 1 when grabbing the ball. Should B2 be convicted of a blocking foul?

A: The key is to look at the degree of contact. If B2 only touches A 1 slightly, B2 will neither make a profit nor affect the game. Otherwise, it will be a foul.

B3 defends A2 on the move. In order to prevent A2 from breaking through, B3 puts his hand on A2 without disturbing A2. Should B3 be convicted of a foul?

A:B3 fouled. Even if it doesn't interfere with each other's movements, you are not allowed to put your hands on each other.

About dribbling and dead ball

What is dribbling? What is a dead ball? When the ball rolls on the ground, a player holds it down. Is this a dead ball?

A:

1, dribbling means that the player holds the ball up with his palm when dribbling, thus changing the direction of dribbling. It is illegal to carry the ball.

2. Dead ball has the following situations: a. Any legal basket; B. After the ball survives, when the referee blows the whistle; C. There will be a penalty after the penalty, and there will be a penalty after the penalty; D. When the ball is alive, the timekeeper gives a signal for 30 seconds; E. Every half hour or at the end of each class; F. At the end of every half hour or period, or after a foul is declared, the players legally touch the ball in the air.

3, not a dead ball.

About defense, etc

1 and A 1 jump forward with the ball to prepare for shooting. B2 jumped up to defend, and they collided. Who should be convicted of a foul?

A: There are three ways to deal with it: a. A1for hitting someone with a ball; B, sentence B2 to block a foul; C, don't make a conclusion. The specific treatment should be judged according to the longitudinal principle of rule making and the three basic principles of dealing with physical contact.

2.A2 intends to break through the sideline, and B4 pushes A2 with his hips when defending. As a result, A2 went out with the ball. How to judge?

Answer: Referee B4 fouled personally.

3.A 1 jump and shoot near the 3-point line. B2 went forward to defend, and the ball was knocked down by B2. How to deal with it?

A: If A 1 doesn't return to the ground, B2 will punish A 1 who is shooting.

About fighting for the ball, etc

1, the judgment on the ball?

A: Each team has one or more players holding the ball tightly with one hand or both hands at any position on the court. If any player can't get the ball, the referee will award the ball immediately. There is no limit of three seconds.

2. In a three-person game, A 1 jumps to shoot, B2 goes forward to defend, and the ball touches B2' s hand and enters the basket. Who scored the goal?

A: A 1 entry. In the three-person competition, the attacker must pass the backboard outside the three-point line and reorganize the attack. Direct shooting is not allowed.

3.A 1 catches the ball that A2 is about to go out of bounds. Due to A2' s great strength, A 1 rushed out of the court when he came back from fishing for the ball. After that, A 1 quickly returned to the court to continue dribbling. Is it okay?

A: According to Rule 37, this is a player out of bounds. However, when implementing this rule, the on-site referee can master it flexibly according to the specific situation on the field. In order to encourage the players to work hard on the field, the violation of A 1 may not be pronounced.

About free throws and so on.

1. Can penalty shooters jump shots?

A: Yes. But before the ball enters the basket, the penalty taker is not allowed to touch the restricted area, otherwise the penalty will be illegal, the ball will be invalid and the ball will be awarded to the opponent. Therefore, in basketball games, most players like to shoot in situ.

2.A 1 fished back a ball that was about to go out of bounds, and the ball hit B 1 which was out of bounds and bounced out of bounds. What sentence?

A: The penalty of B1finally made the ball out of bounds, and A threw the ball out of bounds to continue the game.

3. After dribbling, B 1 intentionally hits the ball on another player, then catches it and carries it out. B 1 is this in line with the spirit of the rules?

A: This is an opportunistic behavior. Warning B 1, serious technical foul can be sentenced immediately.

About shooting, etc

1, A 1, B 1 Jump the ball in the frontcourt of Team A, A 1 Put the racket directly into the basket. Does this ball count as a score?

A: The score is valid.

2.A 1 After getting the ball, it bounced off the ground and fell into the basket. Is this a score?

A: This is not a normal shooting action. If the ball bounces into the opponent's basket, count one point.

It's my first time to play air ball. Before the ball landed, I grabbed the ball again and then continued to dribble and shoot. Is it okay?

Answer; As long as the referee judges that you are shooting, then you can touch the ball again. After receiving the ball, you can continue to pass, transport and throw.

About returning, blocking, etc.

1, B2 steals the opponent's pass in midfield, and after grabbing the ball, B2 rides across the center line. What is the judgment?

Answer: it is illegal to cross the center line after grabbing the ball in the frontcourt and return the ball to the backcourt; If you cross the center line after grabbing the ball in the backcourt, the ball is counted as entering the frontcourt.

2.A 1 Pass the ball, and A2 crosses the line in the midfield to catch the ball. How to judge?

A: If A 1 is in the frontcourt and A2 rides across the center line to catch the ball in the midfield, it is illegal for the ball to return to the backcourt.

3, A2 jumper, B2 forward block, block is

I touched A2' s hand, but the movement was very small. As a result, A2 landed with the ball. How to judge?

A: If B2 only accidentally touches A2' s hand, A2 will be fouled for landing with the ball.

4. Does the defender have to wait for the opponent to reach the highest point when blocking the shot?

A: To judge whether a defender commits a foul, it is not the shooting point of the opponent, but the unreasonable physical contact.

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