What festival is the riverside scene on Qingming Festival?

Question 1: What do you mean by Qingming? "The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival" means "Qingming Festival", saying that this painting may depict people's activities in Tomb-Sweeping Day during the Northern Song Dynasty. However, it was later verified that many of the scenes painted in the picture were not in the Qingming period, but in autumn. Therefore, Qingming here does not refer to the season, but may refer to the peace of the country and the people.

Question 2: What season does the Riverside Scene on Qingming Festival depict in spring (some people say it is autumn scenery)?

1. There have been some arguments about the time when Zhang Zeduan wrote The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival and the word "The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival". This painting depicts Tomb-Sweeping Day since the Jin Dynasty, and there seems to be no objection. According to the Ming Dynasty's Wei Shuixuan Diary, this painting not only has Song Huizong's thin gold inscription, Ssangyong seal, but also Song Huizong's inscription; There is a saying in the poem that "the spring river is full of water". In this way, there is no doubt that this painting depicts the scenery of spring. Modern and contemporary art historians such as Zheng Zhenduo, Xu Bangda and Zhang Anzhi all hold the view of "spring scenery". However, some people have raised objections to this.

The first person who is skeptical about the theory of spring scenery is Mr. Kong, a teacher in Kaifeng. In the second issue of Art magazine of 198 1, he published the article "Query on the Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival", listing eight reasons, and concluded that autumn scenery was painted on the Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival.

Question 3: What do you mean by Qingming on the riverside? According to legend, The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival refers to the Qingming Festival, saying that this painting may depict people's activities in Tomb-Sweeping Day during the Northern Song Dynasty. However, it was later verified that many of the scenes painted in the picture were not in the Qingming period, but in autumn. Therefore, Qingming here does not refer to the season, but may refer to the peace of the country and the people.

Question 4: What season is the Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival? It is generally believed that it depicts the scenery in spring, but there are also different views that it is autumn, which leads to the seasonal dispute over the riverside scene in Qingming Festival.

In history, there have been some arguments about the time when Zhang Zeduan created the Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival and the symbol of Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival. This painting depicts Tomb-Sweeping Day since the Jin Dynasty, and there seems to be no objection. According to the Ming Dynasty's Wei Shuixuan Diary, this painting not only has Song Huizong's thin gold inscription, Ssangyong seal, but also Song Huizong's inscription; There is a saying in the poem that "the spring river is full of water". In this way, there is no doubt that this painting depicts the scenery of spring. Modern and contemporary art historians such as Zheng Zhenduo, Xu Bangda and Zhang Anzhi all hold the view of "spring scenery". However, some people have raised objections to this.

The first person who was skeptical about the theory of spring scenery was Mr. Kong, a teacher in Kaifeng. In the second issue of Art magazine of 198 1, he published the article "Query on the Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival", listing eight reasons, and concluded that autumn scenery was painted on the Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival.

First, there is a donkey carrying a 10 basket of charcoal on the right side of the picture. Meng Yuanyuan in the Northern Song Dynasty recorded in Dream of China in Tokyo: Every October in the lunar calendar, Bianjing began to "put charcoal in the heater, put wine in front of it and have a warm party". It is against the life customs of Song people to say that Tomb-Sweeping Day set fire to coals before and after. Father Meng and Zhang Zeduan lived in the same era. Dream of Tokyo is an important material to study the customs of the capital of song dynasty, and the historical events described should be credible.

Second, there is a farm fence full of eggplant and other crops. More interestingly, several children are playing and chasing naked. None of this is Tomb-Sweeping Day's business.

Third, there are more than a dozen people with fans on the screen, which are fan-shaped and sunshade-shaped. Common sense tells people to use fans in dog days, and few people use fans in early spring.

Fourth, straw hats and bamboo hats appear in many places on the screen. "Straw hats and bamboo hats are used to keep out the sun and rain. There is no rain in the picture. It must be used to shade the sun. According to the climate of the capital of song dynasty at that time, Tomb-Sweeping Day seems unnecessary and deserves our suspicion. "

5. There are many wine shops in the picture, and the word "new wine" is written on the wine flag, while "Hua Lu in a Dream in Tokyo" reads: "Before the Mid-Autumn Festival, all the shops sold new wine ... drunk and delicious, and the city people competed for it (see Mid-Autumn Festival in the book)." In Song Dynasty, Xingu came down to brew mash wine to celebrate the harvest, otherwise there would be no new wine.

There is a small tea stall on the screen, and the sign says "Drink in summer". "If the word' Xia' in' Yin Zi under the mouth' is good, it is enough to explain its season."

Seven, there are several vendors on the river bank and the bridge, and there are cut watermelons on the table. The early spring in the ancient capital of Bianliang in the Song Dynasty was warm and cold, so there could be no fresh fruit like watermelon.

The picture shows a sedan chair with a rider and a servant, and a section of earth grave faces the city. Careful analysis shows that although these people may go to the grave, it is more appropriate to say that they hunt in autumn, because they may go to the grave all year round. As far as flower arrangement is concerned, it can be explained in spring and autumn. Judging from various phenomena in today's picture, it is more realistic to say autumn.

Question 5: There are three views on the meaning of Qingming in The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival: one is "the meaning of Tomb-Sweeping Day"; Second, "the significance of Qingming Square"; Third, "the significance of Qingming Shi Sheng".

Experts and scholars who hold the view of "Tomb-Sweeping Day" believe that The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival depicts this day in Tomb-Sweeping Day.

Experts and scholars who hold the view of "Qingming Square" believe that autumn scenery painted in Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival means "Qingming Square". According to its records, Tokyo was divided into 136 squares, and the eastern suburb of the outer city was divided into three squares. The first square is "Qingming Square".

Experts and scholars who hold the view of "Qingming Festival" believe that "Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival" depicts "Qingming does not refer to the day of Tomb-Sweeping Day, but as a kind of morality to praise the peaceful and prosperous times, and Qingming means political clarity.

Mr. Zhou, a professor at Henan University, is an expert in the study of Song history. He used a lot of historical materials to provide a lot of powerful basis for the theory of spring scenery and became the leader of the theory of spring scenery in recent years. In his monographs The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival and The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival, he refuted the arguments of "autumn scenery Theory" one by one.

Question 6: What is the Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival?

The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival is a long scroll with historical value. Based on the study of Tomb-Sweeping Day in Bianliang (now Kaifeng), the capital of Beining, Japan.

As well as the description of the activities of people from all walks of life on both sides of the Bian River with Hongqiao as the center, reflect some social life in this historical period.

Side. Hanlin Zhang Zeduan (AD12nd century), a native of Zhucheng, Shandong Province, was a professional painter at the end of the Northern Song Dynasty. I used to work in the Painting Academy, and I was good at drawing figures.

Things, pavilions, boats, cars, etc. The distance between the bridge on the wall and the house is high or low, including grass, trees, horses, cows, donkeys, camels and pedestrians.

Ships and cars go back and forth, and they are written as hard as they can. The whole scene is huge and rich in content. The painter uses a high degree of generalization and concentration.

Skills, a wide and detailed description of a variety of complex social images and folk customs. The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival, an immortal masterpiece, regardless of

No matter from the artistic value or historical value of painting, it is a national treasure.

The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival is 525 cm long and 25.5 cm wide, including 684 figures, 96 animals, 122 houses and 8 sedan chairs.

Top, 25 boats, 124 trees.

The Northern Song Dynasty genre painting Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival. A masterpiece handed down from generation to generation, a first-class national treasure. The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival is one of the most famous works in China's painting history. It is not only of superb artistic level, but also has many interesting stories circulating around it.

Author Zhang Zeduan, whose name is Zhengdao, was born in Wu Dong (now Zhucheng, Shandong Province). Song Huizong is a court painter. When I was a teenager, I went to study in the capital city of Bianliang (now Kaifeng, Henan). After that, I learned painting, especially painting boats and cars, painting urban bridges, painting Guo Jing, and getting married. The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival is Zhang Zeduan's masterpiece, which was collected by Xuanhe Neifu in the Northern Song Dynasty. It is a light-colored silk book with a height of 24.8 cm and a length of 528.7 cm. The original is now in the Palace Museum in Beijing.

The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival records the architecture and people's livelihood in the suburbs of Bianjing (now Kaifeng), the capital of Hui Zong era, and on both sides of Bianhe River in the city with exquisite brushwork. This painting depicts the bustling scene and natural scenery on both sides of Bianliang and Bianhe, the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty, during the Qingming period. In the form of a long scroll, the work uses the composition method of scattered perspective to bring complicated scenery into a unified and changeable picture. There are more than 500 people in the painting, with different clothes and expressions, interspersed with various activities, paying attention to drama, dense composition, changing rhythm and rhythm, and ingenious brushwork. The whole picture is divided into three sections.

The first paragraph, Bianjing rural spring:

In the sparse forest mist, there are several huts, grass bridges, running water, old trees and boats. Two porters are driving five donkeys loaded with charcoal. They are going to town. Willow forest, branches

It's just a hint of green, which makes people feel that although it's chilly in spring, it's already spring back to the earth. In the sedan chair on the road, a woman sat in it. The top of the sedan chair is decorated with willow flowers, and the sedan chair follows the horse.

, carrying the burden, came back from the suburbs of Beijing for an outing to sweep the grave. The description of the environment and characters points out the specific time and customs of Tomb-Sweeping Day, which opens the curtain for the whole painting.

In the middle section, the busy Bianhe Wharf:

Bianhe River is the hub of national grain transportation in the Northern Song Dynasty, and it is also the main road of commercial traffic. As can be seen from the picture, the population is dense, food ships gather, some people are resting in the teahouse, and some people are telling fortune.

Some people eat in restaurants. There is also Wang's paper horse shop, which sells sacrifices to sweep graves. Ships in the river come and go, end to end, either dragged by trackers or rowed by boatmen, and some are full of goods.

Upstream, some ships landed and were nervously unloading. Across the Bianhe River is a large wooden arch bridge with exquisite structure and beautiful shape. Such as flying rainbow, hence the name.

Hongqiao. There is a big ship waiting to cross the bridge. The boatman is supported by bamboo poles; Hook the bridge with a long pole; Lead the boat with hemp rope; Several people are busy lowering the mast so that the ship can

Only through. People in the neighboring ship are also pointing, as if shouting something. Both inside and outside the ship are busy crossing the bridge for this ship. People on the bridge are also trying to cross the river.

The tense situation makes employees feel nervous. This is the well-known Hongqiao pier, which is full of traffic and bustling, and is really the intersection of land and water transportation.

In the second half, busy city streets:

Centered on the tall towers, there are rows of houses on both sides, including teahouses, restaurants, foot shops, meat shops, temples, public halls and so on. There are silks and satins, jewels and spices in the shop.

Specialized trades such as incense and paper horses are available in all walks of life except medical clinics, car repair, fortune telling, shaving and plastic surgery, and big shops are also tied with "colorful buildings".

"Happy Gate", with city recruitment banners to attract students ... >>

Question 7: What is the Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival? It's a genre painting of the Northern Song Dynasty. It is colored in a silk book with a width of 24.8 cm, which is the only masterpiece seen by Zhang Zeduan, a painter in the Northern Song Dynasty. The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival vividly records the urban life of China in the12nd century, which is unique in the painting history of China and even the world.

In the form of a long scroll, the work uses the composition method of scattered perspective to bring complicated scenery into a unified and changeable picture scroll. This painting is mainly divided into two parts, one is the countryside and the other is the market. There are 1643 people, more than 208 livestock, 28 ships, more than 30 houses and buildings, 20 cars, 8 sedan chairs, 17 bridges and 170 trees in the painting. They wear different clothes and look lifelike, with various activities interspersed among them, paying attention to the plot and dense composition.

There are four versions.

The author of the first edition, Zhang Zeduan, was born in Wudong (now Zhucheng, Shandong Province), a famous painter at the end of the Northern Song Dynasty and a court painter in Song Huizong. Now it's in the Palace Museum, so it's called Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival.

The second edition is one of the four Wu families. Chou Ying, a famous painter in Ming Dynasty, took The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival as the theme, referred to the composition structure of Song Ben, and took Suzhou City in Ming Dynasty as the background, and re-created a brand-new picture with a totally different style from Song Ben. "Qiu Ben" is also the originator of imitation in later generations. According to the records of the Ming dynasty, various imitations based on it emerged in an endless stream, becoming high-grade gifts for dignitaries. Known as the replica of Chou Ying.

The third edition was painted by five painters of Qing Palace Painting Academy, namely Chen Mei, Sun Hu, Jin Kun, Dai Hong and Cheng Zhidao, in the first year of Qing Qianlong (1736). It can be said that on the basis of imitating various dynasties, combined with works of various strengths, special customs of the Ming and Qing dynasties, such as outings, performances and other entertainment activities, were added, thus adding many rich plots, such as plays and performances. At the same time, due to the influence of western painting style, the houses on the street are painted according to the perspective principle, and western-style buildings are also listed among them. This volume has bright colors, exquisite brushwork and delicate boundary paintings of bridges, houses and figures. It is a masterpiece in the courtyard. This version exists in Taiwan Province Province. Known as the imitation of Qianlong period.

The fourth edition is Luo Dongping, a full-time painter of the Political Department of Liaoning Provincial Public Security Department. He felt that the original picture of Zhang Zeduan's Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival was incomplete, and it took a lot of effort to make it up. He copied it first, and imagined it according to the geographical location, local conditions and customs of Meng Yuan's Record of Hua Meng in Tokyo at that time. After five cold summers, he finished the whole movie. Known as the complete works of Luo Dongping.

Question 8: Is the Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival in Song Dynasty about Tomb-Sweeping Day in Song Dynasty? No, it's just that after Zhang Zeduan gave it to Song Huizong, Song Huizong's inscription can refer to Tomb-Sweeping Day, not Tomb-Sweeping Day.

What does Song Huizong's inscription "Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival" mean?

This mystery first involves what "Qingming" means. Song Huizong's title comes from "Total? "Biography of Ban Biao" and "Qingming" refer to the reign of Emperor Guangwu of the Eastern Han Dynasty. At that time, after the decline of the late Western Han Dynasty and the battle between the green forest and the red eyebrows, the society gradually stabilized, production resumed, and all aspects were full of vitality. Therefore, Song Huizong compared his Bianjing to a prosperous and peaceful era, which is self-praise. Of course, as far as Tomb-Sweeping Day is concerned, there is also a pun effect.

What do you mean "to the river"? I think "Shang" is a locative word. At that time, Kaifeng had a population of nearly one million, and more than one million Jin of rations were shipped from Bianhe and Caihe, and grain was shipped from Suzhou and other major producing areas. Therefore, it is said that "Su Hu is familiar, and the world is enough". These two rivers play an important role in the social life of Bianjing. On the map, the Bianhe River is located in the north and on the upper side, so it is called the Shanghe River. Therefore, this painting depicts the upper reaches of the Qingming Festival, which has nothing to do with sweeping graves.