What pen names did Mr. Lu Xun use?

The pen names are 16: Yi, Fei, Shu, Yi, Du, Luo, Gan, Yu, L, Gan, Ao, Ying, Bian, Xun, Zhi and Geng;

The pen names are 1 17: Weng Ying, Tangyi, Lv Ying, Shur, Jiagan, Weisuo, Du Fei, He Gan, Gan Fan, Zhong Yi, Yu Ming, translator, Zhang Pei, Al, Afa, Miao Ting, Zhijin, Mingse and Luo Duan. Respecting the ancients, having light, being a meta-view, editors, Yu Ming, Cai Yu, Ke Yan, Huo Chong, Ru Niu, L S, Yi Ding, Ding Meng, Shi Yi, E L, He Feng, Zhi Da, Zi Ming, Feng Yu, Yuan Gen, Yuan Period and Bu Tang.

There are 37 three-character pen names: Hua, Lun, Tang, Tang Yuan, Huang Kaiyin, Jia Jiansheng, (Bai) Du, Sui, Ge Hede, Jing Yizun, Chaohua Society, Editor, Editor, Du, He Jiagan, He Wojia and so on.

There are five four-character pen names: Teacher of Banquet, Pride of Banquet, Shanghai-based journalist ELEF, and Guan Sicong [pictured on the right is Lu Xun's family photo taken by 1933].

There are seven five-character pen names: Chaohua Society, China Education Society, Liu Ben Society, Zhu Xiahuai Shuangshe, translation agency, Tiemu Art Society and a reporter in Shanghai;

There are 1 pen name: Shanghai Sanxian Bookstore.

Lu Xun used more than 100 pen names in his life, which is one of the most used pen names among modern writers. He once explained it himself. For example, in the article The Cause of the True Story of Ah Q in the mid-1920s, he said: "The Scream has been read by so many people in recent years, which was unexpected at first, even unexpected ... I used more than one pen name: LS, Shen Fei, Tang Yi, a living person, Xue, Feng; Before that, there were: Catalpa, Keys, Ling Fei and Xunxing. Lu Xun came from Cheng Xunxing because the editor of New Youth at that time didn't want to have another name. "

Some of these pen names are homophonic, such as "Yu Ming" and "Yu Ming", which are pronounced with Zhejiang and Shanghai accents and are homophonic with "ignorant people", while "comprador" is a transliteration of English comprador; But more pen names have other deep meanings. For example, Lu Xun, the most popular novel in New Youth, even replaced its original name, was used to publish novels such as Diary of a Madman, while the signature of publishing new poems and essays at the same time was "Tang Yi". He once talked with Xu Shoushang, an old friend who had left, about the meaning of these two pen names. Mr. Xu wrote in the article "The Life of Mr. Lu Xun"-

He said: "... (signed by Lu Xun) the reason is: (1) mother's surname is Lu, (2) it is a country with the same surname, and (3) it means stupid and fast." "As for Tang Yi?" "oh! Because Chen Shiceng (Hengke) gave me a lithograph and asked what words to engrave. I thought about it and said to him, if you call it Tang Huai, I will call it Don Ji. " Hearing this, I understand the meaning of the word "as soon as possible". At that time, the Ministry chief wanted to crowd out Lu Xun, so he waited quietly. The so-called "a gentleman can wait his whole life". When the word "Tang Yi" is reversed, the words "Tang" and "Tang" can be interchanged at the same time, hence the name "Tang Yi". Zhou, Lu and Tang Dou are countries with the same surname.

It can be seen that even a temporary pseudonym has some allusions, which is quite interesting. Moreover, this topic does not seem to be meaningless. Let me give you three examples.

That is, "Tang Yi" and its simplified usage "Yi" were one of Lu Xun's important pen names during the May 4th Movement. Lu Xun published many new poems, essays and papers under this pseudonym. According to Sun Fuyuan, a Peking University student at that time, "Young people often ask each other:' Who is Tang Yi? Whose article is so profound? ""Tang Yi and Lu Xun will be one person? Tang Yi usually writes papers, new poems and random thoughts. Lu Xun wrote novels and essays, and their choice of words and ideological content were very similar. Maybe these two people are just the pen name of one person? "It was not until Hot Wind was published that Tang Yi and Lu Xun were really the same talents.

Mr Li Yunjing said: "The word' Tang' also means' China'. In the heyday of the Tang Dynasty, his reputation spread far and wide overseas, and later overseas countries called China a Tangren. In this way,' Tang Yi' can be understood as' China is waiting' or' China people are expecting'. What did Lu Xun ask China to wait for? I'm afraid that's too much to ask. Lu Xun's works cannot be over-interpreted, and his pen name is not suitable for seeking too much trivial justice. Since "Tang Yi" is the antonym of "Yi Tang", "Tang" is just a surname.

For another example, Lu Xun used a pen name of "Yellow Spine" during the Revolution of 1911, and Mr. Gao Xin explained that "the land where the descendants of the Yellow Emperor live is full of thorns", which is probably not true. We know that in the first year of the Republic of China (19 12), Lu Xun was optimistic about the situation, "he felt that China had a bright future". Although the people of China still have a long way to go, their future is very bright, so the meaning of his pen name may not be so sad. According to the Yellow Spine, Qu Yuan's "Return to the Empty with Sorrow" says: "Take advantage of the situation and make mistakes with yellow spines", and Wang Yi's "Songs of the South" says: "Yellow spines, thorns also. If you waste it, you will be bent. I'm willing to fly around in the lightning scenery of the gods and stab the yellow thorns, thinking it's Ma Ce. " It can be seen that the "yellow thorn" is to use the thorn as a whip to beat the horse and run. This is in line with the loud call in The More Words "to liberate freedom, give full play to people's natural rights, carry forward the Republic, measure political gains and losses, and cover the society". The spirit of Zhen Yongyi, etc., is completely in tune. To explain Lu Xun's pen name, we should consider his state of mind at that time, rather than looking at business, so that association and play are divorced from reality.

The most tortuous allusion in Lu Xun's pen name is Du Deji. These three words come from The Emperor of Zhuangzi, which says Ji Xian is a fortune teller who can tell fortune and predict people's life and death. Liezi told his teacher nothing about this person, and he thought it was nothing, because this effect was related to the diviner and his active cooperation. If he doesn't cooperate, there is nothing Ji Xian can do. So the pot asked Liezi to bring Ji Xian to his physiognomy:

Tomorrow Liezi will watch the pot with him (Ji Xian). After coming out, he said to Liezi, "My son's husband is dead! Fu is still alive! Don't count by ten days! I was surprised to see the wet ashes. " Liezi went in, sobbing and touching the towel, and told the pot, which said, "I showed it in the local language, and it is almost impossible to see my Du Deji." Taste it! "

Guo Mingming lived normally, but Ji Xian thought he was dying. The reason is that the pot deliberately shows it as an illusion, so that Ji Xian can see some signs of death, and this illusion is actually made by the pot using its special function to deliberately "measure" its "virtue". "Supervision" means blocking (that is, "supervision" means "preventing delay" and "stopping"), while "virtue" means gas. In Zhuangzi's vocabulary, "things are born with virtue". Deliberately shielding ("Du") his own machine ("De"), Ji Xian made a judgment based on this, and the result was all wet.

Zhuangzi probably means that if a person wants to stand firm, he must "stand on the edge of an accident" so that others can't touch his bottom. The liegeman had to deal with the emperor in this way, and the emperor had to deal with the liegeman in this way. Zhuangzi seems broad-minded and indifferent to the world, but in fact he is extremely sophisticated.

Lu Xun is very familiar with Zhuangzi, and he borrowed the word "Du Deji" as a pen name, which is to keep his opponent from knowing his own details. At that time, Lu Xun constantly changed his pen name, which really puzzled the Kuomintang royal literati who were desperately engaged in cultural "encirclement and suppression". Lu Xun also wrote a book called "The Theory of All Things", which is more directly derived from the title of Zhuangzi. There are indeed two surnames "Du" and "Qi" in Hundred Surnames. The Homology of Things has obvious irony, while Du is much more subtle, which can be said to be the masterpiece of Lu Xun's pen name.

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