Why didn't Shu rule the country during the Three Kingdoms period?

When it comes to the Three Kingdoms, many people's first reaction is Zhuge Liang. Zhuge Liang is famous for his cleverness. He used the arrow of the straw boat to flood the seven armies and plot an empty city. But after Liu Bei's death, why didn't Zhuge Liang, who was so clever, lead Shu to unify the world? After Liu Bei's death, Zhuge Liang began many northern expeditions, but all ended in failure and failed to fulfill Liu Bei's expectations of him. So why did Zhuge Liang, who was resourceful all his life, fail to succeed in the Northern Expedition and even unify the world, but Shu became the first to be destroyed? Everyone has different opinions on the reasons for Zhuge Liang's failure, but to sum up, there are probably three reasons.

The first reason is that the national character is aggressive, but this is the layout of self-protection.

During the ten years from 2009 to 2 19, Liu Bei successively recovered Jingzhou counties, occupied Xishu and captured Hanzhong, and Ma Chao, a warlord in Guanzhong, rose rapidly. However, in this stall, Liu Bei and Zhuge Liang made a key mistake in decision-making, that is, the issue of making their capital.

Shu has its capital in Chengdu, deep in the Sichuan Basin, where the land is fertile and the products are rich. Based on it, we can dominate one side, but it is difficult to develop outward. Relying on the natural barrier of Shu Road can stop the invasion of northern Cao Wei, and because the Three Gorges put all your eggs in one basket and went upstream, it can stop the invasion of Soochow, but things are complementary, which also makes it difficult for Shu to send troops to attack Cao Wei and Soochow in the north. At that time, Liu Bang sent troops from Bashu and Hanzhong to attack Shimonoseki, and each took what he needed. " After the fall of Jingzhou, Liu Bei personally led his troops to attack Wu Dong and was defeated. Later, Zhuge Liang went out to Qishan to attack Wei Guodu and returned in vain. The main force is used in logistics supply, and the core problem is also in logistics supply.

The national character of Shu is attack, but Chengdu is its capital. This is the layout of self-protection. If it is not properly laid out, the attack will always go wrong and perish first.

The second reason is the weakness of the late Liu Chan.

After Liu Bei's death, Liu Chan succeeded to his throne, but there were great differences between Liu Chan and Liu Bei. Sometimes not only can't help Zhuge Liang, but it will also hold Zhuge Liang back.

The third reason is bad strength and luck.

Compared with Wu and Wei, Shu has fewer people and a gap in military strength. Zhuge Liang's luck in the Northern Expedition was not very good either. Of the five northern expeditions, Zhuge Liang was most likely to be close to success twice. The timing of the first Northern Expedition was very good, because Wei was in a period of chaos at that time, when Zhao Yun was still there and Na Man surrendered to Shu. Zhuge Liang had no internal worries and Liu Chan's interference. He was also the most promising one, but he didn't succeed. The fifth Northern Expedition, which went out of Wuzhangyuan through an oblique valley in 234, was also the most likely successful one. Unfortunately, Zhuge Liang retired from the army due to illness.

But no one accused Zhuge Liang of appealing for many reasons. Many people thought Zhuge Liang was the first military genius in ancient times, and made excuses such as "untimely birth" for his final failure.