The heaviest wood in the world is "Tiemu"

Wood is a general term recognized by carpenters after cutting down big trees, and it also plays an important role in our life. There is a kind of wood in the world that is too heavy to float in water. Do you know the name and weight of the heaviest wood in the world? Let's have a look!

The heaviest wood in the world is "Tiemu"

Tielimu (weight per cubic meter1122kg)

Tielimu, also known as Tielimu and Tiechestnut, is a precious broad-leaved tree species and a national second-class protected plant. Native to East India, but also distributed in China, Guangdong, Guangxi and Yunnan.

It is an evergreen tree with a height of 30 meters, a straight trunk and a crown. It is produced in the valley slopes below the altitude of 1300 meters in Jinghong, Mengla, Menghai, Gengma, Ruili and Luxi counties, and likes damp heat.

There are obvious differences between heartwood and sapwood. The sapwood is yellow-white, the heartwood is chestnut brown, with dark black stripes, markings on the radial surface, inconspicuous annual rings, thin wood rays, strong corrosion resistance and hard and thin materials. The air-drying density is 0.7-0.8g/cm3. Ironwood is beautiful, hard and stable, not easy to deform after drying, and has strong corrosion resistance, so it is an ideal material for making high-grade furniture.

The growth of rare tree species tielimu has obvious rhythm.

There are three growth peaks in a year.

The peak growth period is 10 from late June to June of the following year.

The growth of tree height accounted for 60.3% of the whole year.

DBH accounts for 54.5% of the whole year.

The average monthly growth of tree height and DBH is 2.7 times and 2.4 times that of other months, respectively. Generally, it can blossom and bear fruit in 10 ~ 12 years after planting.

The flowering period is from mid-June to mid-July

The fruit maturity is 10 from the end to110; In the wet forest

The fallen seeds can germinate naturally and grow into seedlings; The germination rate of seeds is related to storage conditions.

The germination rate of fresh seeds is 80% ~ 100%, and the oil content of seeds is 79%.

Refined seed oil is the main vegetable oil used in Dai Buddhist temples in Xishuangbanna. The oil yield of flowers is 0.

08%~0. 1 1%

The main component is β-Maleene (36.39%).

Followed by β-carvone (3 1. 14%).

It is a natural seasoning material for cosmetics or daily necessities.

Tielimu is the tallest and most valuable broad-leaved tree species. Tieli wood is hard and heavy, with reddish heartwood and fine pith line, which can be used in military industry, shipbuilding, construction, special machine parts and making musical instruments and arts and crafts.

Iron wood (its trunk is as high as 30 meters, and its wood is hard, so it will not float on the water when put into water)

Evergreen trees, with roots, 20 ~ 30m high, straight trunk ends, conical crown, thin bark, dark grayish brown, thin leaf-like cracks, and fragrant white resin oozing from the wound. Leaves are reddish yellow when tender, dark green when old, leathery, usually drooping, lanceolate or narrowly ovate-lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, with a length of (4-) 6 ~ 10 cm (- 12) and a width of (1-)2~4 cm, with the top tapering or the length tapering to the tail. The petiole is 0.5~0.8 cm long. Flowers bisexual, 1-2 terminal or axillary, 5-8.5 cm in diameter; Pedicel 3~5 mm long; Sepals 4, 2 are slightly larger than 2 on the outside and round, concave, membranous at the edge, sometimes with white eyelashes; 4 petals, white, obovate wedge, 3~3.5 cm long; Stamens are numerous, separated, anthers are oblong, golden yellow, about 1.5 mm long, filaments are filiform, and 1.5~2 cm long; Ovary conical, about 1.5cm high, style length 1 ~ 1.5cm, stigma peltate. The fruit is ovoid or oblate, the ripening time is 2.5~3.5 cm, it is chestnut brown after drying, with longitudinal wrinkles, the style at the top is persistent, usually 2-valved, the sepals at the base swell into wood and most of the remaining filaments, and the fruit stalk is stout, with a length of 0.8~ 1.2 cm. Seeds 1~4, convex back, flat ventral surface or flat on both sides; The seed coat is brown, shiny, hard and fragile. The flowering period is March-May, and the fruiting period is 8-65438+1October. [ 1]

Growth is rhythmic, with three growth peaks in a year, from the end of 10 to 10 in the following year. Generally, 10 ~ 12 can blossom and bear fruit after planting. The flowering period is from mid-June to mid-July, and the fruit maturity ends from 18+065438+.

The value of tielimu

economic value

This kind of fruit is rich, and the oil content of seeds is as high as 78.99%, which is a good industrial oil. The wood structure is fine, the texture is slightly oblique, the heartwood and sapwood are obvious, the material is extremely heavy, hard and tough, and it is not easy to process, only wear-resistant, corrosion-resistant, termite-resistant and other pests, and it is not easy to deform; It is a valuable special industrial material;

Tielimu is one of the excellent woody oil-bearing trees in tropical areas. Its flowers are big and fragrant, and it is a good nectar source plant. The essential oil of day lily flower can be obtained by water distillation. It is a colorless and transparent liquid with an oil yield of 0. 1 1%. It contains more than 30 chemical components, with B- maleene as the main component, accounting for 36.39% of the total. Followed by B- carvone, accounting for 3 1. 14% of the total. Tielimu flower oil is a natural seasoning material, which can be used as a seasoning material for cosmetics or daily necessities. The wound of tielimu trunk can ooze aromatic resin, which is also a natural seasoning material.

Tilia amurensis seed kernel is rich in oil, the oil yield is as high as 79%, and the specific gravity of oil (25°C) is 0.9356g/cm3. This is an industrial oil, which can be used to make soap and so on. Its seed oil is an essential vegetable oil for Dai Buddha's light spot Buddha lanterns in Xishuangbanna. Adult trees bear many fruits. Generally, one tree can collect 50 ~ 100 kg of seeds.

Horticultural value

Beautiful tree, fragrant flowers, but also suitable for landscaping.

Tielimu protection

The pure natural concentrated tielimu forest in China is only distributed in Mengding Town, Gengma County, among which 3 10 plants have DBH above 8 cm, 66 plants have DBH 8- 19.9 cm, 65,438 plants have DBH 20-49.9 cm, and 65,438 plants have DBH 50-79.9 cm.

Since 1989, Gengma Forestry Bureau has set up protection points for tielimu resources in Sifang wells where the distribution of tielimu is concentrated, and hired full-time rangers. Effectively protect tielimu resources. 1999 When forest classification and zoning were carried out, the Tielimu forest in Sifangjing was classified as a special-purpose forest, which was more strictly protected and managed. (Statistics in 2007)

In 2000, a comprehensive survey was carried out in Mengding town, and the tielimu with DBH above 8 cm was systematically numbered, registered and filed.