Ancient personal appellation of ancient cultural common sense

1. Special appellation of ancient cultural common sense

Special appellation of ancient cultural common sense 1. Ancient specific appellation

The honorifics commonly used in China's ancient address book (1) are "such as, er, zi, er, gong, jun" and so on.

(2) Those who use nouns as honorifics are: "Sir, my son"; Use the place where the other party is located or the people under his command to represent the other party, such as "first step, your majesty, your Excellency, deacon, left and right"; Address each other by official position, such as "king, doctor, general, son". (3) Adjectives are used to address: respect for the government, respect for brothers, respect for drivers and respect for wives; Good brothers and good wives; My dear brother, my dear brother; Your body, your surname, your Geng; , high diligence, high neighborhood and; Gifts, masterpieces and preparations.

2. Modesty: Modesty is a kind of self-proclaimed modesty, which can be divided into two types: one is "I", which can be divided into four categories: the other is to use one's surname or first name to express modesty. The second category is to use "minister, servant, so-and-so, villain" to claim to be sorry.

The third category is that women often use "concubine, maid, slave and maid" to express their apologies. The fourth category is that the monarch often uses "I am widowed and unwilling to be lonely" to express modesty.

The second is to address people related to themselves, which can be divided into three types: one is to use adjectives to express modesty, and the common ones are: silly brother, silly brother, silly opinion and silly meaning; Our country, our city; Cheap body, cheap body, cheap interest (called son in front of the emperor), wife; My daughter, children, trumpet. Chen Wei; Humble position.

The second is to use verbs to express modesty, which are common: stealing ideas, stealing ideas and stealing smells; Fu Wei (ground thinking, use it when you talk to your elders) and Wen Fu. The third is to use nouns to express modesty.

Politeness to your brother in front of others can be called "home" and "my father, my husband and my family respect my family". "My mother, my home" refers to my mother; "Brother" means his brother. In front of others, we use "she" to address our younger or junior relatives. "Little brother" is a little brother and "nephew" is a nephew.

Both "home" and "house" can be translated as "mine". Third, other appellations claim to be in front of others.

The emperor calls himself a villain, the old man calls himself an old man, the young man calls himself a younger brother in front of the old man, the monk calls himself a poor monk, and the average person calls himself me. Modesty is self-assertion.

He called it addressing others. For example, the woman who accompanies the bride is called "maid of honor", the aristocratic woman is called "madam", and "madam" is called the wife of a vassal in ancient times, and later it is used to address the wife of ordinary people, the old man is called "father-in-law" and the young man is called "husband".

Your title belongs to him. A contemptuous address is to address others in a contemptuous tone, such as "vertical, boy, woman."

Appropriate appellations are some established appellations. For example, the woodcutter is called "woodcutter", the boatman is called "boat", and the outstanding figures of the country are called "Guo Shi".

Substitution refers to borrowing other appellations to replace the original appellations, such as "fu" for women, "Liyuan" for troupe and "Xie You" for comedians. Surrogacy belongs to metonymy in rhetoric.

Idiom is to address someone with a customary title. For example, Lao Zi refers to Lao Zi (Li Er) and Zhuangzi (Zhuang Zhou) and their theories, while Jiao Han Dao Shu refers to Meng Jiao and Jia Dao.

Appellations of people of different ages: people are called babies when they are born, and those who are less than one year old are called swaddling clothes. 2 to 3 years old are called children.

A seven-year-old girl's name is Li Nian. It is said that a boy was very young when he was seven years old.

10 years old, called Huangkou. The year from 13 to 15 is called the year of dancing spoon.

15 to 20 years old is called the Year of Dancing Elephants. /kloc-A girl of 0/2 years old is called the Year of Chai Jin.

13-year-old girl is called cardamom. Girl 15 years old.

16 years old is called jasper age; At the age of 20, he was called Tao Li Nianhua. 24 years old, known as Huaxin Nianhua; The year when a woman gets married is called the plum year.

A man at the age of 20 is called a weak crown. 30 years old is the year of standing.

40 years old is called the year of no doubt. 50 years old is called the year of know life.

60 years old is called the year of sixty or the year of hearing. At the age of 70, 70.

80 years old is called the year of the pole dynasty. 80 to 90 years old is called the He Miaomiao era.

100 years old. In addition, there are childhood terms, juvenile terms, women to be married terms, years or words terms, old people terms, longevity terms and so on.

Social language and dating appellation: say "I've heard a lot about you" when meeting for the first time; Use "wait" to wait for guests; The other party's letter is called "Shu Hui"; Ask someone to help say "I'm sorry"; Ask people to do things with "please"; Ask someone to give directions and use "instructions"; Praise people's views with "high praise"; Ask for forgiveness and say "tolerance"; The age of the elderly requires "longevity"; When the guests come, use "coming"; Use "goodbye" with others; Visit others with "visit"; Please don't send "leave"; Trouble others to say "I'm sorry"; Ask for convenience and say "excuse me"; Find someone to teach and say "consult"; Welcome to buy is called "patronage"; Long time no see "long time no see"; Use "loss compensation" in the middle first; Use "axe correction" to present the work. Relatives and friends politely call their parents Gao Tang, Chun Xuan, parents and knees.

My parents simply call me dad and Yan Jia; My mother, my family. Father's death name: My father, strictness is the first, and exams are the first.

Mother's death is called: first mother, first kindness, first son. Brothers and sisters are called brothers, brothers, sisters and sisters.

Brother's name is Kun Zhong and brother. Husband and wife are called husband and wife, spouse and partner.

The death of peers is called: dead brother, brother, sister, wife. Other people's parents say: your father, your mother.

Although the brother and sister are called: your brother and sister. Although people and children are called: your son, you Yuan.

Wife and father are called: father-in-law, father-in-law and Mount Tai. Other people's homes are called: government, respected government.

My home is called my humble abode, my shed and my thatched cottage. Men and women are collectively referred to as: men are called men and women are called women.

The death of a husband and wife is called widowhood. The teacher said: teacher, master.

The student said: protege, career. The school said: cold window, chicken window.

Classmate said: Classmate. Ancient appellation collection: baby: less than one year old.

Child: Two to three years old. At first, the girl was seven years old.

First year: the boy is eight years old. General angle: the general term for childhood.

The year of hanging steamed buns: refers to children. Yellow button: under ten years old.

Kindergarten: ten years old. Chai Jin year: girl 12 years old.

Cardamom years: female 13 years old. Annals: 15 years old.

And logistics: female 15 years old. Jasper's youth broke the melon: woman 16.

Weak crown: 20 years old. Tao: Female, 20 years old.

Playboy: female, 24 years old. Standing: 30.

There is no doubt: 40 years old. Fate: 50 years old.

Distinguish between right and wrong: 50 years old. I heard the year of marriage: 60 years old.

Gu Xi: 70 years old. People in their eighties and nineties.

Yi: centenarians.

2. Ancient cultural knowledge of names and font sizes

1, the names of the ancients can't be the same as those of their relatives, especially the elders. If there is the same thing, we must avoid it and change it, otherwise it will be disrespectful to our elders. In fact, direct ancestors are also included in this category. If there are the same words in the name, we should avoid them and change them.

Respectable people are respectable people, generally referring to their superiors and emperors. They are not allowed to have these words in their names. If there are, we should avoid them and change our names, otherwise it will be very hard and even killed.

2. A word refers to a name that expresses the meaning of virtue or real name in addition to its real name. In ancient times, men were 20 years old and women were 15 years old, so it was not convenient to call them by their first names. Therefore, another alias related to the meaning of this name is called Zi to show its virtue. When mortals treat each other with courtesy, they will call it virtue. Later, the word was called ideograph.

3, number, refers to the ancient people in China in addition to the name, word self-proclaimed. Such as Su Shi's word Zizhan, posthumous title Dongpo lay man. Most of the numbers are dialed by themselves, and others are also dialed. It has nothing to do with names or characters. Claims beyond the names of China's ancients. Abbreviation In the ancient appellation, posthumous title was often used as the appellation.

Extended data:

In ancient times, due to special attention to etiquette, names and characters were very particular. In interpersonal communication, first names are generally used as polite terms, courtesy names, respectful names and long names. Peers only call each other by their first names when they know each other well. In most cases, it is considered impolite to call each other or others by their first names.

It is considered polite to compliment each other among peers. When writing letters or making phone calls from the bottom up, you can call them by their first names, but you must never call them by their first names, especially the names of the monarch or parents and elders, or even mention them, otherwise it will be "disrespectful" or "out of line", so the "taboo" system has emerged.

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, human appellation II, ancient official positions III, astronomical calendar IV, ancient geography V, imperial examination system VI, customs and etiquette VII, dining utensils VIII, music and entertainment IX, literature and history classics X, catalogue dictionary XI, ancient military system 1, ancient human appellation, common appellation, special appellation II, ancient official list and ancient official position explanation. Detailed explanation, appointment, removal and elevation of official positions, appellation of ancient canonized official positions, appellation of ancient contemporary official positions, astronomical calendar, astronomical calendar, names of stars, calendar of 28 stars, ancient geography, appellation, ancient geography, appellation, detailed explanation of ancient imperial examination system, overview of imperial examination system, development of ancient Chinese imperial examination system, customs and etiquette, traditional festivals, appellation, etc. 7. Dining car used in ancient times Dining car used in ancient times 8. The pentatonic scale of music and entertainment is also called pentatonic scale, that is, the five tones of Gong, Shang, Jiao, Zhi and Yu in ancient China.

Five tones, like the simple theoretical forms of yin and yang, five elements, five flavors, five colors, five facial features and five grains in ancient times, are the whole aesthetic concept of China in his early days, and are regarded as the basic form of the whole oriental music by westerners.

Ancient music and entertainment. Four books, five classics, six classics, thirteen classics, a thousand words, a thousand poems and 300 Tang poems. , human appellation II, ancient official positions III, astronomical calendar IV, ancient geography V, imperial examination system VI, customs and etiquette VII, dining utensils VIII, music and entertainment IX, literature and history classics X, catalogue dictionary XI, ancient military system 1, ancient human appellation, common appellation, special appellation II, ancient official list and ancient official position explanation. Detailed explanation, appointment, removal and elevation of official positions, appellation of ancient canonized official positions, appellation of ancient contemporary official positions, astronomical calendar, astronomical calendar, names of stars, calendar of 28 stars, ancient geography, appellation, ancient geography, appellation, detailed explanation of ancient imperial examination system, overview of imperial examination system, development of ancient Chinese imperial examination system, customs and etiquette, traditional festivals, appellation, etc. 7. Dining car used in ancient times Dining car used in ancient times 8. The pentatonic scale of music and entertainment is also called pentatonic scale, that is, the five tones of Gong, Shang, Jiao, Zhi and Yu in ancient China.

Five tones, like the simple theoretical forms of yin and yang, five elements, five flavors, five colors, five facial features and five grains in ancient times, are the whole aesthetic concept of China in his early days, and are regarded as the basic form of the whole oriental music by westerners.

Ancient music and entertainment. Four Books, Five Classics, Six Classics, Thirteen Classics, Three-character Classics, Thousands of Poems, 300 Selected Poems of Tang Poetry, Compilation of Ancient Documents and Words, Twenty-four History, Tongzhijian, Poems of Taiping Guangji, Naming of Historical Books, and Writing of Literary and Historical Classics.

4. Common sense of ancient culture

3. Modesty and respect

Steal: settle, settle.

Boldly: Offensively and boldly.

Meng: Thank you.

Please allow me, please let me.

Driving for nothing: Thanks for your help.

Grant: It means that the other party has given benefits.

Imperial examination officials

After the provincial examination (the applicant's name is "Juren" and the name is "Xie Yuan")

Examination (the candidate's name is "Gong Sheng" and the name is "Hui Yuan")

Court examination (the examinee is named "Jinshi", the first one is named "No.1 scholar", the second one is named "No.1 scholar" and the third one is named "Exploring Flowers".

Worship: to grant an official position.

Except: old posts are deleted from new posts.

Out: as.

Promotion: promotion of official position.

Transfer: transfer official position for promotion.

G: abolish official positions.

Strike: recall and suspension.

Exemption: Exemption from official position.

Destroy: depose, demote.

Chen: Demoted and transferred far away.

Decision: removal from office.

Remove or depose.

Retirement: (1) Revocation or demotion of official position; (2) Resign yourself.

Reject: screen out.

Go: leave your post and be transferred.

Move to the left: reduce official transfer.

"Promotion and selection.

Grant: seal of official position.

What are nine nobles and three publics?

Both Qinghe Palace are official names. According to historical records, in the Western Zhou Dynasty, both the Zhou Dynasty and the governors had ministers, which were divided into upper, middle and lower levels. During the Warring States period, many countries used it. Shang Qing was the highest official position at that time.

The theory of "Jiuqing" began in Qin and Han Dynasties, and refers to nine official positions: Taichang, Guangluxun, Wei, Tingwei, Taifu, Dahonglu, Zong Zheng, Dasinong and Shaofu.

Specifically, Tai Chang is responsible for the sacrificial ceremony and etiquette of the ancestral temple; Guang Luxun is in charge of the guards and guards of the imperial court; Wei Wei is responsible for guarding the palace gate; The courtiers were in charge of the emperor's chariots and horses; Ting Wei is the highest judicial official, in charge of prisons and trial of cases. Dahonglu, also known as Dianke or Dahongling, is responsible for foreign affairs and ethnic affairs; Zong Zheng is responsible for the management of royal and clan affairs; Dasinong, also known as the internal history of millet management or agricultural order, is in charge of grain, goods, taxes, taxes, finance and so on. Shaofu is in charge of the tax revenue of Shanhai pond and supports the emperor. In the Northern Wei Dynasty, there was a young lady under the Qing Dynasty, which was abolished in the late Qing Dynasty.

The theory of "three publics" also began very early. Sima, Situ and Xi 'an were the three publics in the Zhou Dynasty, and the Prime Minister (Da Situ), Qiu (Da Sima) and Tai Yi (Da) were the three publics in the Western Han Dynasty. By the Eastern Han Dynasty, the names had changed, referring to Qiu, Situ and Sima respectively. The three fairs, also known as the "three divisions", are responsible for both military and political affairs.

5. China ancient culture common sense test questions and answers.

China ancient culture common sense examination questions

1. Du Fu is called, Zuo Guangdou is called Zuo Gong, and Lu You is called.

2. "Modesty and respect for others" is the traditional virtue of the Chinese nation. The ancients called others' fathers as a tribute to their own fathers, and so on. When addressing mother, modest words include my mother and so on.

3. In ancient times, men had 20 lines of ""and women had 15 lines of ""to indicate adulthood, and then they could take "".

4. "The reunion of flowers and seven years;" The ancient and the rare celebrate each other, and there is also the Spring and Autumn Festival. "This is a birthday couplet written for an old man.

In ancient times, brothers were ranked by "". ""indicates the maximum value, ""indicates the minimum value.

6. In ancient China, addressing people had some special symbols, such as "cong".

Relationship, "first" means.

7. There were three chronologies in ancient China:,,. Use of "Xi Chun Shen Bing to Japan".

In ancient China, the first day of the lunar calendar was called "",the fifteenth day was called ""and the last day was called "".

9. The ancients said that "Mao" is equivalent to the present morning.

Time.

10. The four solar terms before Tomb-Sweeping Day are,, and.

1 1. 1998 is the wuyin year of the lunar calendar, which is traditionally the animal year of the tiger people. According to this calculation, 2000 is the lunar year, which is the birth year of human beings.

12. The ancients divided it from dusk to dawn the next day. Among them, "the third watch" is roughly equivalent to the time when the earth is in existence, which is now.

At that time.

13. China ancient thinkers used "five elements" to refer to,, and five substances.

14. After Sui and Tang Dynasties, China implemented the system of "three provinces and six departments". "Six Departments" refers to: ministries, ministries, ministries and heads of ministries. Among the "six departments", those responsible for the appointment, removal, assessment and promotion of officials are.

15. In ancient times, officials were called officials, and officials were degraded.

16. The governor of Han Dynasty said that the governor of Sui and Tang Dynasties said that the governor of Song Dynasty said that the governor of Ming Dynasty said that.

17. China was divided into Kyushu in ancient times, with Zhangzhou as the head of Kyushu. ""is the abbreviation of Hebei Province today.

18. Write the names of "Five Mountains" in the order of East, West, South, North and China:,,,.

19. In the sentence "There are mountains under the sun during the day, and there are no guests who don't think about home during the Qingming period", "daytime" refers to:

20. Luoyang, Henan is located in Luohe, Hanyang, Hubei is located in Hanshui, and Huayin, Shaanxi is located in the north.

2 1. The "three religions" in the idiom "three religions and nine streams" are,,.

22. Legendary and mythical figures who opened the world, refined stones to fill the sky and filled the sea with stones are:,,.

23. In the ancient etiquette of China, the four seats at a banquet were the most respected, followed by the lowest.

24. In ancient China, there was a saying of "six characters", meaning ",,,".

25. In ancient times, there was a saying that "seven policies and four treasuries are the books of emperors", and the "four treasuries" in the sentence refers to,,,.

26. Most ancient festivals were accompanied by some folk activities, such as Lantern Festival, Tomb-Sweeping Day and Double Ninth Festival.

27. The four tastes of literati in the old days were,,,.

28. "Three Friends in Cold Year" refers to,,.

29. The pentatonic scale in ancient China was arranged from low to high, followed by,,,,.

30. "Being filial is filial, and being filial is filial." "Filial piety" means doing good, and "mourning" means doing good.

3 1. The top ten ancient China songs are:,,,

、、、、、、

Reference answer of ancient cultural common sense test

1. Official posthumous title 2. Your father's kindness 3. Crown gift 4. 14 1 5. Uncle Zhong Boji.

Gilbert 6. Relatives in the church have passed away. The year of governors is recorded in 2008, and the year of emperors is recorded in 2008.

The year method, year number and year number are used together to record the year. 8. Looking at the new moon, 9. May 7 10. The rain stung beginning of spring.

Spring breeze 1 1. Geng 12. The night before last, Wuzi 1 1, and the next morning 13. Jin Mu

Water, fire and soil 14. Li Hu Libing Industry and Commerce Li Shubu 15.

16. satrap secretariat magistrate 17. Ji Ji 18. Mount Taishan Huashan Hengshan Songshan

19. Nanjing 20. Huabei Huashan 2 1. Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism 22. Pangu nuwa jingwei 23.

Sit west facing east, sit north facing south, sit south facing north, sit east facing west. 24. Hieroglyphs refer to things that convey meaning and sound.

Under the guise of being 25 years old. Classic collection, 26. Watching lanterns, going to the grave, climbing chrysanthemums, 27. Chess, calligraphy and painting, 28. loose

Zhumei 29. Gong Shangjiao JUNG WOO 30. Parents and brothers 3 1. Mountains and rivers, Guangling, Pingsha, Yanmei, Plum Blossom, Three Sides, Ambush on Ten Faces, Sunset, Flute, Drum, Fishing, firewood, Q&A, Hu Qie, Eighteen Beats of the Han Palace, Autumn Moon, Spring and Snow.