General situation of small fruit countries

In 2002, the 103 cultural relics unearthed in Dongjiang Village, Shanting, Zaozhuang City unveiled the mystery of Xiaoguo. After two years of textual research, experts initially confirmed that Dongjiang Site in Shanting Dongjiang Village was the burial place of Xiaoguo, a vassal state, which was built about 3,000 years ago, thus determining Dongjiang Village in Shanting, the capital of Xiaoguo. Although Xiaoguo's burial place is in Dongjiang Village, it used to belong to tengxian, and the Ming and Qing editions of tengxian Records are recorded as "Boot Head City". There are many ancient ruins here, and there are many bricks and gravel on the surface of the land. In addition, there are also conditions for establishing a national capital. In ancient times, the monarch had the habit of burying graves in the capital, so Dongjiang Village, the sub-district office of Shanting Mountain City, was regarded as the capital of Xiaoguo.

In its heyday, the territory of Ni was roughly the whole territory of Shanting, stretching from Cangshan County in the east to the west, Pingyi County and Feixian County in the north, Tengzhou City in the west and Yicheng District in the south, with a length of about 55 kilometers from north to south and a width of about 45 kilometers from east to west, with a total area of about 2475 square kilometers.

Archaeology has confirmed that Yan's surname in the world originated from Xiao Chuo in the Spring and Autumn Period. After the excavation of the noble tombs in Xiao Chuo, it not only attracted extensive attention from archaeology and historians at home and abroad, but also people surnamed Yan from some Southeast Asian countries and Taiwan Province Province of China came to Zaozhuang to recognize their ancestors. Named Zhu Xiao after Ni Guo Li.

During the Spring and Autumn Period, Wu Gong's father made contributions to the Zhou Dynasty, and King Zhou invited his illegitimate son You to build a country on the ruins of his son's surname (vassal state) in the Shang Dynasty. The name of this country is still Guo Ni, and your descendants have lived in this city as kings for three generations. When your friend's great-grandson Li came to the fourth generation of monarchs, he moved eastward for 40 weeks and founded the country (now Dongjiang Village, Shanting, Zaozhuang City). At first, the city was named Lilai City and Hehe, and later it was called Ni City. In 653 BC, Li Ni was made a son by Zhou Wang. After being sealed, Li Ni has the same title as today's Yong State in Zoucheng, and is a kindred country. In order to show that his country was separated from Yong State, the title was different. Li Ni changed the title and renamed it Xiaoguo. From friends to cultivators, four generations of monarchs began to call themselves small, and Li Ni entered the city as a small city. Due to the war and the history of Xiaoguo, Zhu Xiao Chunqiu was lost. The article Zhu Shi's Family in Xiao Zhi, Tengxian County was compiled according to Spring and Autumn Annals, Zuo Zhuan, Yang Gongzhuan and various historical books after the Warring States Period, which indicated the geographical position of Cheng Ni and absorbed the ugly alley of Lu. For thousands of years, historians and local chroniclers have been controversial about this history, even denying Xiao Guo and his friends in Zaozhuang. Therefore, the epitaph of Ma Zhen unearthed in Nilicheng was specially included in the Records of tengxian of Qing Daoguang as evidence. Xiaoguo came to the grandson of his great-grandson Li Li and the grandson of Mu Gong. When Gong Hui was in power, he entered the Warring States Period at the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, and Gong Hui was destroyed by Chu in the next six generations. During this period, Xiaoguo * * * attacked the first14th generation monarch, and the country was destroyed after 325 BC.

Once the country was revived, it was soon destroyed by Lu. In ancient times, it was called Zhulou. In ancient times, Zhu Xiao was called Zhuxiaolou. During the reign of Lu Mugong (372 BC-289 BC), it was spelled Zou according to Zhu Lou's consonants, then changed to Zou and then changed to Zhu Yi.

Cities founded by friendly countries have since been called "tucheng", which has really died out politically and nominally. The Qin dynasty set up a county here. During the reign of Emperor Gaozu, Xiao Chuo was named Fanteng County and Xuecheng County. Soon it was merged and renamed as Changlou County. When Wang Mang was renamed as County, Xiao Zhuo was finally submerged in various county systems and finally disappeared from the historical map. I am divided into three countries, taking my father's word as my surname.

Guo is a viscount country, also known as the country in history. Yan' an is the ancestor of Guo, the fifth Yan' an is called first, and the twelfth Yan' an is the father. The real name is Ke, the word Yan, the word, posthumous title Zhuwugong, known as or Gong in history. At that time, Qi pursued hegemonism, and Yan responded to his followers and went to various countries for contact. He spent the night in Tengguo and Guo Xue. Zhu was originally a vassal of Lu. Lu was very disgusted with the behavior of insulting his father's face and was regarded as a traitor. He falsely accused Zhou Wang of humiliating his father. Lu is a cousin of the Zhou royal family, surnamed Ji. In 678 BC, King Zhou killed his father Yan. In the sixteenth year of Zuozhuan, Zhuizikezu was published in Zhuanggong, which was the fourth year of Zhou Nuo. Yan, the father of Hou Yi, was put to death, and Zhou Wang appointed Yan's mother and brother to represent Guo to the throne. Shu Shu's noble family enjoys high prestige in the Cao Shi family. He is a wise and virtuous man, and his clan calls him a group of sons. It took an uncle more than ten years to be subrogated, and the unjust case of Yan, the adoptive father, was rehabilitated, and posthumous title became Emperor Wu. At this time, Schopenhauer, the monarch of Shu, gave the throne to Xia Fu, the son of his nephew Yan, who was called Zhu Wengong after he succeeded to the throne. During his reign of 5 1 year, Yan Wengong was the longest-serving monarch in this country. In 6 14 BC, Zhu Wengong moved his capital to Shan Zhinan, Zoucheng, and set up a new capital to see Zuo Zhuan. Around 643 BC, Shu Shu came to build the country indiscriminately, in Tucheng Village, Yangzhuang Town, 30 kilometers southeast of Tengzhou City. At this point, the country is divided into three: the country is divided into three, the country is divided into three, and the country is divided into three. By 5 17 BC, the black arm of sadistic doctor abandoned sadism and went to Shandong, and the country began to decline.

And then it was ruined. At the beginning, Yan married a girl named Xia Fu, also known as Nuo. After Xia Fu acceded to the throne, he moved to the north of the city to build a manor named Zhuang Yi, so the address is in the northeast of Tengzhou today, north of Tengzhou (state) Ping (city) highway. Later, people who suffered from war came to the park and moved to settle down with his surname, which is still named Zhuang Yi. Father Yan was wronged, and friends were extremely sad. So, I began to call Yan You after my father's words, and Mud City became the birthplace of Yan's family. Jia, the seventh grandson of Friends and the son of Xiao Mugong, went to Zheng after becoming a doctor in the Song Dynasty. Later generations took Ni as their surname and became the birthplace of Ni. Luanlou culture has a long history.

After negotiation, the fifth grandson of Yan 'an was appointed as Zhu. In ancient times, Zhu Guo was the place where Yandi clan thrived. Cao Xia, a descendant of Huangdi, and his descendants merged with Yanhuang culture, gradually forming a culture of chasing buildings, and then evolved into Zou Lu culture. At first, it was called "the country of oriental gentlemen". By the time I lost my father's face, it had become the center of oriental culture, and the Confucian culture of Confucius and Mohist culture of Mozi also originated here. Xiao Zhuzi loved studying Sanfen, Five Classics, Eight Principles and jiusan before his death. According to "Biography of Ram", after the founding of the People's Republic of China, Ni's friends were unknown to the outside world, but at home they practiced national politics and Chinese studies and implemented the strategy of governing the country by writing. It was not until the great-great-grandson Li Lai died that he became famous in a big country. In 525 BC, Zhu Xiao, a friend's sixth grandson, gave a banquet in honor of Muru and Lu. During the dinner, Dr. Ji of Lu wrote a poem "Picking Flowers", and Mu Gonghe wrote a poem "I am Jingjing". Mr. Lu's uncle Sun said: Without such people to govern the country, how can the country govern? During this period, Zhu Xiao's culture spread widely and the country prospered. Mu Gongzi Jue reigned for forty-one years, and he was the longest-serving monarch of Xiaoguo. At this time, vassal States from far and near sent envoys here to communicate, and students from all over the world also rushed here to study. Xiaoguo people also went to Shandong, Qi, Song and Chu to be officials. At the end of the Spring and Autumn Period and the beginning of the Warring States Period, Mozi, a native of China, also went to Song as a doctor. After returning to China, he settled in Mushi, Tengzhou, and gathered disciples to give lectures and write books. As a public defeat, he was called Luban, and he also went to Shandong, Chu and other countries to preach craftsman skills.

Some illegitimate children of Xiao Zhuzi went to Lu as doctors, and later generations were mostly doctors and scholars of Lu. Yan Hui, a cool descendant, worshipped Confucius as his teacher. Confucius praised his sage, and the world respected him as Yan Zi, and later named him Fu Sheng. Lu recorded Yan Hui as the 18th grandson of Yan You in Xiaxiang Lu. Archaeological discovery of Dongjiang River: Shuang Yan was buried in the left front of his father's grave, with two pots, one pot, four pots and two clay pots made by doctors. There is an inscription on the bronze pot: "Friends and fathers are cool, and Cao Bao's eyebrows are long and precious." According to the family story of Confucius, Confucius had seventy-two disciples, eight of whom were Yan. Yan Zhenqing, a great calligrapher in the Tang Dynasty, said in the tablet of Yan's family temple: "All the Confucius doors are colorful and all come out." .

For thousands of years, historians have always had different opinions about the origin of Xiao Yanzi's feudal country and his surname. Among them are "fatter than Ni", "Ji surname" and "the city is in the northeast of Chengxian County". In modern times, the theory of "descendants of Emperor Yan in Sanyi" appeared again, and the theory of "the city and country moved eastward" was drawn in the "Sanyi City Map", which allocated the city and land of Xiaoyi to Teng in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. According to Zuo Zhuan, in the fourth year of Xianggong (569 BC), it was recorded: "In October of winter, Zhu people and Ju people cut down. Zang Qiu invaded and lost to the fox. " Mushi, now known as Fox Dog, is a town in the southeast of Tengzhou15km. According to 1969, the lacquer pot tripod unearthed in Dongtai Village, Mushi Town, tengxian, Guo Moruo verified that it was a small country. 1984, tengxian withdrew from the county to establish a city, and Tengzhou City was located at the western edge of Xiaoguo. Jade Emperor Temple in Fanteng County was built in the Northern Wei Dynasty, and it is still on the north side of Tongqu Street in the west of the city. It is the easternmost border of Tengguo during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. In a recent commentary on Ci Hai (version 1989), there are two opinions under the entry: one is that the son and friend of the founding monarch Yan Wengong was sealed in and now lives in the east of tengxian, Shandong; The other is "in the northwest of Zaozhuang City". The geographical location mentioned earlier is very old, which is consistent with Lu's Record of Xiaxiang and tengxian Records of previous dynasties, except that the author mistakenly thinks that Zhu Wengong and Yan You are father and son, but in fact they should be brothers, and Zhu Wugong is the father of Zhu Wengong and Xiaoyou. With regard to the statement that "all the martial arts men are feuding with each other", Confucius in the Tang Dynasty said in his book Justice in the Spring and Autumn Period and Zuo Zhuan that "Shu" written by Zhuang Gong for five years said: "The world is fat, Du Fu is friends, so we should be one person." Judging from the archaeological discovery of Dongjiang River, Feng Youzhi's theory should be regarded as a history of faith. In addition, "Northwest of Zaozhuang City" refers to Plough City, which is different from the city in the east of tengxian. This city was the capital of Xiaoguo when it was called the country in the early days, and it was the capital of Xiaoguo in the middle and late period after Li Lai changed its name. Should not be confused, should be generalized.

The Records of tengxian, which was revised in the 13th year of Wanli in Ming Dynasty (1585), is the earliest local chronicles so far. 1938, the Japanese invaded China. In March, Tengxian fell, and then Wanli County annals were lost. /kloc-in the autumn of 0/984, the county annals continued to be revised, and only through academic exchanges, the films were exchanged from the Zunjing Reading House in Japan and copied into books, and finally the Wanli county annals returned to their native land. Wang is a native of tengxian, majoring in Wan Li County Records. After he left office, he built a Confucian Garden villa on the east side of Longquan Tower in the county town, which is only separated from Mud City by Jinghe River and less than a mile in a straight line. He knows this place very well. In the process of compiling county annals, Wang donated 2000 books of ancient books at home for textual research, and referred to the previous generation of ancient books Tengzhi and Qufu County Rough Lane Annals. Two years later, the draft of the county annals was written, and Yang Chengfu, a magistrate of a county, read it in Ascending to Heaven, so he prefaced it and printed it in Fu Zi. Wanli county chronicles still use the ancient word ""in text narration, and the map is drawn as "Ni" city, which is still used today. In the middle and late Qing Dynasty, some historians began to question the historical evolution and the location of the capital of Teng and Xue. After many generations of research and textual research, Teng and Xue walked out of the dispute. Shandong Province and relevant state departments have successively set up "Tengguo Old Town Site" and "Old Town Site" and other cultural relics for protection, but Guo and Old Town are still hanging. The excavation of You Zhu's father's tomb in Dongjiang Village caused a strong sensation at home and abroad. People at home and abroad and the general public will wait and see the relevant information of Dongjiang archaeology, and hope that Ni Gucheng and Gucheng will be discussed as soon as possible to give full play to their historical and cultural effects of the times.