Zhuge Liang's deeds

make three calls at the thatched cottage/repeatedly request sb to take up a post

When Liu Bei lived in Xinye, he knew that the reason for wasting half his life was that although there were generals such as Guan Yu and Zhang Fei around him, there was no counselor to give advice, so he was polite and helpful. On the recommendation of Si Mahui and Xu Shu, Liu Bei, Guan Yu and Zhang Fei came to visit Zhuge Liang in Longzhong, Xiangyang.

When I first came to this villa, Liang had already gone out, and the three met Liang's friend Cui on the way back. A few days later, Liu, Guan and Zhang braved the storm to take care of the hut. On the way, I met my good friend and Meng. When I arrived at the thatched cottage and met Liang's brother Zhuge Jun, I realized that Liang had traveled far away, leaving a note to express my admiration. When I came back, I met Liang's father-in-law Huang by the bridge at the foot of Longzhong Mountain. After a while, Liu Bei, Guan Yu and Zhang Fei came to the thatched cottage. It happened that the lights were on at home and they didn't wake up during the day. Liu Bei ordered Guan and Zhang to wait outside the door. They crept and stood at the foot of the steps and handed them to Liu Bei. They didn't meet until they woke up. [Sangutang: Built in the 58th year of Emperor Kangxi of Qing Dynasty (A.D. 17 19), it is the memorial hall of Liu Bei's Mao Lu of Sangutang and Zhuge Liang's Long Zhong Dui. ]

Longzhongdui

After the battle of Guandu, Liu Bei fled to Jingzhou and defected to Liu Biao. Liu Biao allocated some troops to him to stay in Xinye (now Xinye County, Henan Province).

Liu Bei is an ambitious man, because his ambition has not been realized, and his heart is always unhappy. He wants to find a good assistant. He found a famous man named Si Mahui in Xiangyang, so he went to visit him specially.

Si Mahui said, "There are Wolong and Feng Chu in this area. If you can invite one of them, you can decide the world. " Si Mahui told Liu Bei: Wolong is Zhuge Liang, and the word is Kongming; Feng Chu's name is Pang Tong.

Xu Shu is also a local celebrity, because I heard that Liu Bei was recruiting talents, so I came to see him. Liu Bei was so happy that he left Xu Shu as his counselor. Xu Shu said, "I have an old friend, Zhu Gekongming. People call him Wolong. Does the general want to meet him? " After listening to Xu Shu's introduction, Liu Bei said, "Since you know him so well, please come hard and invite him!" Xu Shu shook his head and said, "This can't be done. People like this must be personally invited by the general to show your sincerity. "

Liu Bei successively heard that Si Mahui and Xu Shu attached great importance to Zhuge Liang. Knowing that Zhuge Liang must be a great talent, he took Guan Yu and Zhang Fei to Longzhong to find Zhuge Liang. Zhuge Liang visited the hut and was finally moved by Liu Bei's sincerity and took Liu Bei to his hut.

Zhuge Liang saw that Liu Bei was so open-minded and asked for advice, so he had a heart-to-heart talk with Liu Bei. He said: "Now Cao Cao has defeated Yuan Shao, with an army of1100,000, and he is holding the order of the Emperor. We can't compete with him by force alone. Sun Quan has occupied Jiangdong area for three generations. Jiangdong has a dangerous terrain, and now all the people have joined him, and a group of talents are working for him. It seems that we can only unite with him and can't play his mind. "

Then, Zhuge Liang analyzed the situation of Jingzhou and Yizhou (now part of Sichuan, Yunnan, Shaanxi, Gansu, Hubei and Guizhou), and thought that Jingzhou was an important military place, and Liu Biao could not keep this place. Yizhou has a fertile and vast land, which has always been called "the land of abundance", but Liu Zhang, the owner there, is also a weak man, and everyone is dissatisfied with him.

Finally, he said, "The general is a descendant of the royal family and is famous all over the world. If we can occupy Jingzhou and Yizhou, unite with Sun Quan and rectify internal affairs, we can March from Jingzhou and Yizhou and attack Cao Cao once we have the opportunity. At that time, who will not welcome the general? In this way, we can achieve great things and restore the Han Dynasty. "

After listening to Zhuge Liang's incisive and thorough analysis, Liu Bei's thoughts were suddenly enlightened. He felt that Zhuge Liang's talents were rare, so he earnestly asked Zhuge Liang to come out of the mountain and help him complete the great cause of reviving the Han Dynasty. Zhuge Liang went out to assist Liu Bei.

Later, people called it "three visits to the thatched cottage" and called Zhuge Liang's conversation "Longzhong Dui". (Some say it's from Longzhong, Xiangyang, and some say it's from Nanyang. Hard to be sure? )

Wuzhangyuan

The original site of Zhang Wu is located in Qishan County, Baoji City, 30 kilometers east of Xi/KLOC-0, 56 kilometers west of Baoji and 25 kilometers north of Qishan County. It is more than 20 meters high and covers an area of about 12 square kilometers. Qipanshan is in the south of Zhang Wu, and Weihe River is in the north. The situation is very dangerous. During the Three Kingdoms period, Zhuge Liang stationed troops in Wuzhangyuan to crusade against Sima Yi, and later died of overwork, making Wuzhangyuan famous all over the world. It was the last battlefield of Zhuge Liang during the Three Kingdoms period.

In 234 AD, Zhuge Liang led his troops from Hanzhong, crossed the Qinling Mountains and entered Wuzhangyuan. I'm new here, and I'm short of food and grass. I'll settle down for training and wait for Wei. Sima Yi, the general of Wei, knew Zhuge Liang's clever plan and stuck to the north bank of Weihe River, not daring to send troops. The two sides fought for a hundred days in Wuzhangyuan. Zhuge Liang had to lure Wei Bing to fight in Hulugou, and set fire to break Taniguchi, in order to defeat Wei Sima Yi by surprise, and Wei Jun survived. In the autumn of the same year, Zhuge Liang died in the army, and the Shu army was defeated. When Sima Yi entered the place where Zhuge Liang commanded the battle, he saw the danger of the position of the Shu army and exclaimed, "The genius of the world is also." Later generations built a temple here in memory of Zhuge Liang.

According to local folklore, when Zhuge Liang died, a star fell from the sky, hence the name. In those days, the place where Zhuge Liang cultivated land was called Zhuge Tian. At that time, Zhuge Liang left the ruins of the half-meter-high city wall where he took the military account to command the battle. It was about 250 meters long from north to south and nearly 100 meters wide from east to west. The local people named this small castle "Lost in the City". In the south of Holloway, there is a flat stone with checkerboard patterns on it. It is said that Zhuge Liang played chess here in those days, so this mountain was named Qipanshan. Many "Zhuge pots" were found in the soil of Wuzhangyuan, and the handwriting of official script of Han Dynasty was cast on the iron pot. The five plains are now a farmland, and tourists always want to find the remains and rumors of the ancient battlefield. There is a river bend in the middle of the farmland, which is called Luoxingwan locally, and the village in the bay is called Luoxingbao.

There is Zhuge Liang Temple at the northern end of Wuzhangyuan, which was built in the early Yuan Dynasty and rebuilt in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. There are pictures of the stories of the Three Kingdoms on both sides of the memorial hall in the shrine, such as Gu Chenghui, Empty City Plan and Lu Bu in World War III. There are 40 bluestones embedded under the mural, and the stone carving Yue Fei's calligraphy "Teacher's Watch" is vigorous and powerful. In front of the stone, there is an inscription by Zhu Yuanzhang, the great ancestor of Ming Dynasty, praising Yue Fei: "Pure and unpretentious, writing is like a person". (Some say it's from Longzhong, Xiangyang, and some say it's from Nanyang. Hard to be sure? )

Zhuge Liang story

Eat melons and keep seeds.

Zhuge Liang can not only grow crops well, but also grow watermelons with one hand. There used to be a rule in Xiangyang that when you entered the watermelon garden, you can eat enough melons, but you can't take them away. Legend has it that this "rule" was also asked by Ge Liang to stay.

The watermelon planted by Zhuge Liang is big, sweet and sour. Anyone who comes to Longzhong as a guest and passes by must go to Guayuan to have a full meal. The old farmers around him came to learn from him the experience of growing melons. He told them unreservedly that melons should be planted in sand and covered with sesame cakes or sesame oil. Many people came to him for melon seeds, because they didn't pay attention to keeping them before, so many people had to go home disappointed. The next year, the watermelon garden opened again. He put a sign in the ground that said, "Eat the melon well and leave the melon seeds."

Zhuge Liang washed and dried melon seeds and distributed them to nearby melon farmers. At present, watermelons in Hu Jiajia, Changfeng and Xiaofanzhou on the sandy land on both sides of Hanshui River are still very famous, with big head, thin skin and sweet taste. Some places still abide by the old rule of "eat melons and keep seeds".

Save future generations through clever calculations.

Whether this matter is true or not cannot be verified. Judging from the record, it is still possible.

Legend has it that Zhuge Liang said to his descendants before he died: "After I die, one of you will be killed in the future. At that time, you had demolished the house, and there was a paper bag in the wall. There are remedial measures. "

After Zhuge Liang died, Sima Qian became emperor. He learned that there was a general in the imperial court who was a descendant of Zhuge Liang, so he wanted to ask him to treat the disease. One day, Sima 0 made an excuse and sentenced the general to death. In the golden palace, Sima asked, "What did your grandfather say before he died?" The general told Zhuge Liang in detail. Hearing this, Sima 0 ordered the soldiers to tear down the house and take out the paper bag. I saw a letter in a paper bag, which said "Open it in case of emperor". The soldiers handed the letter to 0, 0 and opened it, only to find that it said, "Take three steps back after the visit." 0 immediately stand up and take three steps back. As soon as he stood firm, he heard a "click" and a piece of jade fell from the roof directly above the dragon case. Smash the tables and chairs into pieces. 0 scared out in a cold sweat. On the other hand, looking at the back of the letter, it says, "I saved your life, please let my descendants live." After reading this letter, I secretly admire Zhuge Liang's ingenuity. Later, he was reinstated as a general.

Zhuge Liang's gossip clothes

In the drama and pictures, Zhuge Liang dressed in gossip clothes, strategized and won thousands of miles. According to folklore, Zhuge Liang's gossip clothes were given to him by his studious wife.

Zhuge Liang studied under Mr. Si Mahui, a water mirror, when he was a teenager. Zhuge Liang studied hard and used his head diligently. Not only Sima Caode appreciates him, but also Sima's wife values him very much. They all like this studious and brainy boy. At that time, there were no clocks, and time was recorded by sundials. There is no sun on rainy days. Time is not easy to grasp. In order to record time, Si Mahui trained cock to crow on time by feeding regularly. Zhuge Liang is gifted and intelligent. Mr. Sima knows what he says as he pleases, and can't help but understand his thirst for knowledge. In order to learn more, he wanted Mr. Wang to extend the lecture time, but Mr. Wang always relied on the cock crow, so Zhuge Liang thought: If the cock crow time is extended, Mr. Wang's lecture time will be extended. So he brought some food in his pocket when he went to school. It is estimated that when the chicken is about to crow, he will feed it some food, and the chicken will not crow when it is full.

After a while, Mr. Sima wanted to know why the chicken didn't crow on time. Careful observation shows that Zhuge Liang fed the chickens when they crowed. When teacher Sima was in class, he asked the students why chickens didn't crow on time. Other students are at a loss. Zhuge Liang knew it in his heart, but he was an honest man, so he truthfully reported to Teacher Sima about feeding chickens when they crowed, so as to prolong the teacher's teaching time. Teacher Sima was so angry that he burned the book on the spot and wouldn't let him continue his study. Zhuge Liang is eager to learn, but he can't learn, and he can't force it, so he goes to ask Mrs. Sima. Sima Fu deeply sympathized with the punishment of letting Ge Liang feed the chickens to study, so he pleaded with Mr. Sima. Teacher Sima said: "At an early age, I didn't work hard on my homework, but I let my thoughts deceive the teacher." This is a bad intention, and this person can't be big. "Mrs. Sima interceded for Zhuge Liang many times, saying that although he was a little careful at an early age, he always wanted to learn more and had no other plans. Hearing this, Mr. Sima felt reasonable and agreed that Zhuge Liang would continue his studies.

Mr. Sima burned Zhuge Liang's book in a rage, and after his wife persuaded him, he agreed to continue studying. But how can I read without books? The lady said to Mr. Sima, "You have the back shell of a thousand-year-old tortoise. Legend can make people know the past in a thousand years and the future in 500 years. You might as well let Zhuge Liang try. If it's useful, why do you want a book? " Mr. Sima thought that he had burned the book, so he had to do as his wife said.

Zhuge Liang put the turtle shell given by his wife on his body, which became the costume of his life-gossip suit. What I learned in the past is vivid in my mind, and I can understand it without telling the truth.

Zhuge Liang's goose feather fan

Zhuge Liang's goose feather fan represents wisdom and talent, so in Zhuge Liang's operas, Kong Ming always holds a goose feather fan in his hand.

There is a folk story about goose feather fan. Huang's baby daughter is not ugly, but she is a very smart, beautiful and talented girl. Huang was afraid of turning a blind eye to Jingshan jade for young people, so he called his daughter "Ah Chou". Archie Huang Ou Yue Ying is not only fluent in writing, but also superb in martial arts. She once studied under a famous teacher. When Yicheng went down the mountain, the master gave her a goose feather fan and wrote the words "bright" and "bright". There are also many tricks in the world to attack the city and rule the country. And tell her that the one with the word bright in his name is the only thrill. Later, Huang's son-in-law was Zhuge Liang, the later prime minister of Shu. Before he left Longzhong, he knew that there were "Ming" and "Liang" in the world. When they got married, Huang Yueying gave Zhuge Aliang a goose feather fan as a gift. Kong Ming's love for goose feather fans is like the apple of his eye. In doing so, he not only expressed the sincere love between their husband and wife, but also skillfully used the infatuation strategy. So, no matter spring, summer, autumn and winter, I always put my hand on the fan.

During the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty, Zhao, an observer of Xiangyang, wrote in Zhuge Shi: "The fan shakes the tripod for three minutes, and there are eight dark clouds", which is enough to prove the role of Zhuge Liang's goose feather fan and the reason why he never leaves the fan.