What do you mean by cultural prominence?

Since ancient times, we have always divided learning into explicit learning and implicit learning. Excellent knowledge usually refers to knowledge that is closely related to reality and has aroused widespread concern in society; On the contrary, metaphysics is a kind of knowledge that is far from reality and not paid much attention to by the world.

The name of "outstanding learning" first appeared in Han Feizi, which not only refers to the popular and influential academic factions, but also refers to the knowledge with rich cultural connotation and high academic value.

As for "metaphysics", it is hard to say clearly. It is a very important part of China's philosophical context, and its meaning is constantly evolving and changing due to historical evolution. To know the truth, you can consult relevant information. There are relevant records in A Brief History of Chinese Philosophy by Mr. Feng Youlan, and the History of Scientific Thought by Mr. Hu Huakai is also relevant.

The important academic feature of "Metaphysics" is to take heaven and earth as the research object, and take astronomical geography, mathematics, physics, agricultural water conservancy, the growth law of animals and plants, music, calendar, health care and other knowledge as the research means, and finally explore the peaceful development and operation of heaven and earth and its inherent ecological system law. Metaphysics in the history of China has the characteristics of "basic" knowledge, and its academic research resources come from all fields of human society. However, it generally does not involve specific political, economic, ethical and scientific issues, but focuses on the same operating law behind and in essence of these knowledge. Therefore, the academic achievements of "Metaphysics" cannot be directly applied to the world, but are the basis of all kinds of knowledge in ancient China society.

In the view of Wu Jingbo, a teacher in the Department of Philosophy and Social Sciences, "Metaphysics is both metaphysics and a strange door", which can be equated with "Yuan" and "Yuan" is "Yuan", which is easy to understand. In fact, many researchers equate metaphysics with philosophy, while some charlatans think metaphysics is the science of fortune telling. & lt "everything is done" has such words in the book:

A famous theory or school

Confucianism and Mohism are outstanding scholars in the world. Wherever Confucianism goes, Kong Qiu is no exception. Wherever ink goes, Mo Zhai also. Since the death of Confucius, there have been Confucianism such as Zhang Zhiru, Zi Si, Yan, Meng, Zhong, Yue and so on. After Mozi died, there were Richter ink, Fu ink and Deng Lingmo. Therefore, after Confucius and Mohism, Confucianism was divided into eight and Mohism was divided into three. On the contrary, they choose different ways, and they all claim to be true Confucian Mohists, and Confucian Mohists cannot be resurrected. Who will study the world? Confucius and Mozi both advocated Yao and Shun, but both claimed to be true Yao and Shun. If Yao and Shun are not resurrected, who will make Confucianism and Mohism sincere? For more than 700 years in Yin and Zhou dynasties, and more than 2,000 years in Yu and Xia dynasties, it is impossible to determine the truth of Confucianism and Mohism. Today, I want to comment on Yao Shun's way three thousand years ago, but I can't help it! Those who are inexperienced and necessary are stupid; People who do what they can will be falsely accused. So obviously, according to the late king, he must be Yao and Shun, either stupid or fake. Foolish and false learning, mixed and contrary, is also accepted by wise masters.

In this paper, "Xianxue" refers to Confucianism and Mohism. From the standpoint of legalists, Han Fei sharply criticized the two great schools at that time. In his view, Confucianism often talks about the benevolence and righteousness of the former king, which is actually a kind of "learning from stupidity." On the contrary, he suggested that a wise monarch must "do practical things and get rid of useless things", act according to law, reward his merits and encourage farming, so as to achieve the purpose of strengthening national strength and realizing hegemony. It can be seen that the original meaning of this word refers to the academic faction with great social influence, but Han Feizi still believes that it may not be beneficial to the world when it is used specifically, because it may only be an illusory academic debate.

In addition, this passage also shows the most attractive point of immortals-the pursuit and possessiveness of immortals in the deep thoughts of China literati, which is similar in ancient and modern times. Therefore, it is natural for Xianxue to receive the following courtesy: "(1) Xianxue has a higher social status than other disciplines and is a hot subject that people are eager for. Not only the masses attach importance to it, but also those in power; (2) There are more scholars engaged in outstanding research than other disciplines; (3) Constitutional publications cover the whole society, much more than other disciplines; (4) More people have mastered the theory of fairy tales, and many of its views have been accepted by the masses. " (Yang Jisheng's "The Crisis of Excellent Learning") Once a subject is put on the altar, its side effects begin to spread, and gradually become stale, "starting a dangerous thing".

"Xianxue" is just a word. The appearance and application of this word is considered to have strong "China characteristics". China's tradition, China's culture and even China's thinking habits are fertile ground for producing and using such words. Since it's called learning, what's obvious? Why is it obvious? Where is it obvious? It is obvious that people with good flow are famous for learning a certain subject? It is obvious that a certain discipline and learning stream has been sought after and enthusiastically embraced in a certain historical period? The so-called manifestation is consciously higher than others. What are the reasons for the vastness of the world, the variety of disciplines and learning streams, and the artificial classification and listing? What's the point? Only by deepening the research and understanding of this world can human beings survive and develop sustainably.