Cultural Connotation of the She Nationality Recruitment Festival in Fenghuangshan

The job fair of the She nationality in Fenghuangshan is a concentrated expression of the culture of the She nationality in Fenghuangshan. It covers the religious beliefs, myths and legends, genealogy, language, folk songs, dance, martial arts, music, costumes, diet, migration and other contents of the She nationality in Fenghuangshan, and shows the original morphological culture of the She nationality in Fenghuangshan in many directions. Conscription day belongs to the religious activity of clan gods, and its vitality lies in its timing, solemnity and sacredness.

The religious belief of She nationality is polytheistic worship with the combination of clan gods and secular gods as the worship object, but mainly believes in Taoist culture.

In religious belief, the ancestors of She nationality, like other brothers, experienced the primitive stage of natural worship, believed in animism and worshipped mountain gods, water gods, stone gods, tree gods, uncle Tian, uncle Shan and kitchen god. Every She village in Fenghuang Mountain has built an old man's palace at the water mouth of the village to worship the gods such as the "King of the Three Mountains", the Emperor of Heaven, the Fairy Hunter and the Dragon Master. The She nationality pays special attention to the ancestor worship of the clan gods. The reason why the She nationality agrees with Taoism is that it is the same as the original belief of the She nationality "Pan Hu" and is considered to have a certain blood relationship with it. It does not aspire to immortality, but believes that people should rely on their own efforts to save themselves. In today's words, it is "people-oriented". Therefore, the She family never agrees with karma and does not build Buddhist temples. She people don't become monks, but worship Guanyin Bodhisattva in the ancestral hall of the village.

As the main manifestation of the She nationality's worship of Taoist culture, conscription day can be confirmed by the atmosphere of the whole conscription day.

First, the recruitment altar of the ancestral temple, with the horizontal plaque of "Lushan Pavilion", the left couplet: a collection of thousands of pieces of Lushan Ji case, and the right couplet: the queen mother exorcises evil spirits and welcomes the blessings. The left and right characters are written in red, light yellow, dark yellow, dark blue, light blue, light red, yellow and blue respectively. There are other gods on the altar.

Second, there are nine directly connected statues hanging on the front and left and right sides of the ancestral hall. There are three statues at the top, middle and bottom of each frame, of which the first three are from left to right: ① Tianzun, Li Nai (Third Sister) and Yang. ② Zhang Tianzun, Chen Nai (Fourth Sister) and Gong. ③ Liang Tianzun, (Jiumei) and Liu. The three frames on the left, from top to bottom, are: Empress Dowager, Dian Bing, Zuo Toutuo. The three frames on the right are: Lushan Hall, Tanggezhou and Youtoutuo from top to bottom.

3. The flags are made of different colors of paper, representing the invited military horses: Jiuyi soldiers in Dongying (blue), Baimanbing in Nanying (red), Liu Jiebing in Xiying (white), Wudi soldiers in Beiying (black), Qinbing in Zhongying (yellow), Tianxian soldiers in Zuo Ying (light blue), Xianying soldiers in Youying (black) and local buddhas. It was held in Lan's She village, and it should be the Lan's master.

Fourth, Shi Gong chanted scriptures: inviting soldiers, inviting living souls, mingbao, disaster relief, lamps in Pu 'an House, saving the earth, various classics, Anzaojun, and Zhaibao in Anlong Town. When the teacher began to invite God, he recited the scripture first: "A dragon horn is better than the ocean, telling the Sanqing Jade Emperor that Sanqing Jade Emperor is better than God, too better than the old gentleman with five spirits, the queen mother with seven thousand gods, and the nine dragons in the three palaces of Lushan Mountain ... The East Palace, the South Palace, the West Palace, Bei Gong and the Middle Palace are all wandering immortals, walking around. ...

The Festival of the She Nationality's Recruitment and Surrender in Fenghuangshan includes related plots and scenes such as ancestor worship, ancestor invitation, name popularization, Dojo clearing and disaster ceremony preserved by the She nationality in northern Guangdong, Fujian, Zhejiang, Jiangxi and Anhui.

There are two seals for recruiting teachers, Maoshan and Lvshan. According to legend, Maoshan Mountain in Jurong County, Anhui Province is a famous Taoist mountain and an important faction of the Taoist Shangqing School. She ancestors not only had the skill of climbing Lushan Mountain, but also refined the skill of climbing Maoshan Mountain. On the altar of Lushan court, the master of Chen Jinggu is enshrined. According to legend, Nanny Chen studied law in Lushan Mountain, taking Xu Zhenjun as a teacher, and learned the magical power of trying to cut snake essence, shrink the ground and cavity, drive away epidemics and diseases, and rescue children. Therefore, her family honored her as a fairy and asked her to bless her village with abundant crops and prosperous people.

Although the job fair is dominated by Taoist culture, it also incorporates Buddhist culture. For example, on the recruiting altar, there are also the Dragon King gods from all corners of the country who worship the Rain Department of Fengbo. Please go to the shrine of Empress Cixi, the blessed Lord of the land of thousands of kings and ministers, the main statue of Xing Jun and the statue of Sakyamuni. In the scripture, Master Gong chanted "Yoga Sea Club, NiGu Mei Three Treasures, Three Religions and Eight Generals, Guanyin Bodhisattva, the founder of Pu Xian, King Luo", the village god, the Lord of the Great Array, the Lord of the Small Dynasty, the fairy sisters, the God of Nine Lang and the God of Hunters; Empress Dowager Cixi in Gaokeng, Fu Wang in Shuikou Dragon Palace, Seven Saints in the Palace Corner, Taiboyang in Shuikou confluence, the former god of Qin Lake Shiyan, the Zhenwu Emperor, the King of Jiakeng Palace, the holy emperor of Jiaxigang Village, from the village to Xiyuan, down to Shuikou, within the boundary, Fu Wang, the land god, heaven and earth parents and other gods. The Five Emperors ordered the emperor ... Shi, an expert on She culture and a professor at Minzu University of China, pointed out in Several Issues on the Study of She History and Culture in 2 1 century: "The legend of Pan Hu itself is completely absurd and unreliable. However, as a myth and legend that reflects the primitive totem worship of a nation, it is scientific and conforms to the law of historical development of human society. "

The legend of Pan Hu has been handed down from generation to generation in the She family. She people call Tiger Pan "the king of loyalty and courage". The She nationality in Fenghuang Mountain is called "the king of protection" and "the king of care". She people in eastern Fujian and southern Zhejiang are called "Dragon Qi", "Pan Hu" and "Huanggao". She nationality in Jiangxi is called "Pan Hu"; She people in Anhui province are called "dragon fierce". Pan Hu's prototype is composed of "dragon dog", "ichthyosaur" and "dragon and unicorn", which is an intuitive expression of the original totem worship concept of She nationality. It is also the legends of Pan Hu and ancestor worship that form the most primitive, basic and core spirit of the She clan religion.

We believe that the initial vivid cause of the job fair is the inheritance of the belief foundation of the She nationality since ancient times, which runs through the totem worship belief of the She nationality-Wang's life achievements. It invited the gods of "Heavenly Soldiers, Heavenly Generals" and "Six Ding and Six Jia" to praise the feat of saving the country by crossing the sea alone when the country was in danger, so as to cherish the past, pray for the present, hope for a better future and enhance national cohesion. I sincerely invite King Xu to She Village, wishing her good weather, abundant crops and a full house of children and grandchildren. Just like the couplet in front of the ancestral temple, it expresses the purpose of "burning incense, ancestors in Myanmar, fragrant tea and wine, respecting the king".

In the recruitment day ceremony, we can see the prominent position of She nationality in many places. For example, in the process of offering sacrifices to the clan in the ceremony, the plot of the ancestors of the She nationality sitting in the dragon altar to learn law from Lu and Maoershan was reproduced. When the gods were invited, the master bowed down and offered sacrifices, throwing cups to invite the gods such as Wang to worship, and reciting Wang's great achievements. At the same time, ancestral tablets were placed on the horizontal table of the shrine. This shows the close relationship between conscription day and ancestor worship. Fenghuang Mountain is the ancestral base and birthplace of the She nationality that has been passed down from generation to generation in China, and the language of the She nationality in Fenghuang Mountain has attracted much attention. Although the population of the She nationality in Fenghuangshan is small, the languages spoken by the She nationality living at both ends of Fenghuangshan still belong to Fujian, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Anhui and other provinces, that is, more than 99% of the She nationality in China. Mr. You, who has been engaged in the study of She language and Chinese Min language for a long time, divided the She language in five provinces where she people live in compact communities into nine language areas, with a total of 13 representative points for comparative study, among which Fenghuang Mountain area was listed as two representative points in 1 language area. He believes that "historically, the She language in Fenghuang Mountain is composed of the bottom components of the ancient She language in Sui and Tang Dynasties and the middle components of the Chinese Hakka language in Song and Yuan Dynasties. The ancient She language in Fenghuangshan lies in that it contains some elements derived from the ancient Yue language and the ancient Miao and Yao language, especially some elements that have not been preserved in the She language in Fujian, Zhejiang and other provinces. It also contains some ancient Chinese elements with unclear sources and some ancient She language elements. The She language in Fenghuang Mountain is rich and complex. It is a representative local dialect in modern She language, and it is of great significance to study the She language in Fenghuangshan.

According to our preliminary research, there are nearly 100 "bottom words" in the ancient She language in Fenghuang Mountain, which are listed as follows.

She nationality has its own language, but no writing. On this recruitment day, she teachers and teachers all use the she language when chanting scriptures. In addition to borrowing Chinese characters, some of this She language cannot be replaced by Chinese characters. So they can only make up for it by making their own words, and it is an established fact that everyone can understand and accept. In particular, the Confucian classics are passed down in the family, so many of them are dictated by the older generation and recited by the younger generation, so the content of "bottom components" in the ancient She language is higher. As we all know, language produces music. The language of the She nationality in Fenghuangshan is a combination of multi-level language components and a mixture of multi-source language components. Therefore, in language, it has obvious characteristics. The specific performance is:

In terms of initials, Chaozhou She dialect has 16 (including zero initials), which is two less than Chaozhou dialect. Fengshun has 2 1 She dialect (including zero initials), three more than Chaozhou dialect.

In terms of vowels, there are 56 She dialects in Chaozhou, 5 fewer than the 6 1 in Chaozhou dialect, including 6 single vowels, 3 compound vowels 13, 9 nasal vowels 19 and 8 stop vowels 18. There are 62 She dialects in Fengshun, which are 1 more than Chaozhou dialect, including 6 monosyllabic vowels, 5 polysyllabic1vowels, 2 nasal vowels1vowels and 20 stops.

In terms of tone, there are six tones in Fenghuangshan She dialect. The coding code is 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 8, and the comparison with Chinese tone category is: 1 level; 2 yangping; 3 in sound; 6 to sounding; 7 yin enters; 8 Yang enters. It is not only different from Beijing dialect, which has only four tone categories of flat tone, rising tone, falling tone and falling tone in modern Chinese, but also different from the flat tone of Chaozhou dialect in Chinese. 2 go up; 3 go up; 4 go up; 5 levels; 6 up and down; 7 go down; The eight sounds entered are different.

There are also some differences in vocabulary and grammar between Chaozhou dialect and Hakka dialect.

She nationality is a good singer. They "express their feelings with songs" and "are proud of being able to sing". Singing songs of She nationality is their main cultural and recreational activity. In this way, coupled with the characteristics of She language, She songs have more powerful vitality. Although it has gone through thousands of years, up to now, in Chaoshan area, the people still have the reputation of "singing She songs" and "teasing She songs" in history. For example, Tsung i Jao, a master of Chinese studies, wrote the new edition of Chaozhou Annals, Volume 8, folk entertainment, which described the relationship between She songs and Chaozhou culture in many places, pointing out that "Chaozhou aborigines, the land is She people, and the water is the household. She songs used to be the old tune of the tide, but obituary songs are the most primitive and influential things. " Today's Chaozhou folk songs are called She songs. Guan Tong sang all the songs of She nationality before all kinds of foreign dramas entered the tide. When there are many kinds of dramas, and Chao Opera is budding, there are still many kinds of dramas of She nationality. ""Chaozhou aborigines, there are many She people here, and the lyrics are handed down from generation to generation ","only words are expressed, cups are not left behind, and doctors don't ask ghosts and gods. There are still many people in this tide. " "The songs of the She people are still the songs of the She people transplanting rice. Everyone who covers the labor feels it and forgets to be tired. Chaozhou people followed his example and spread all over the country. "Chenghai County Records" contains: "She songs touch things, see righteousness, and sing obscenity. Some people make human feelings deep, can't be themselves, and their words are elegant and vulgar. Zhou Shuoxun's Chaozhou Fu Zhi pointed out that "the villagers sing, with many voices but no words, and the tune is new, which is called She Song". Chen Kun's "Lingnan Miscellaneous Poems" said: "She sings a unique voice, and the lonelier the tune, the lonelier it is; What a pleasure it is to push the complicated strings. How many times have I recognized the correct sound? These historical materials fully illustrate the mainstream position of She songs in Chaozhou ballads.

On the recruitment day, the justice of She teachers is based on the characteristics of She language. According to the narrative, exhortation, lyricism, divine comedy and other plots in the scriptures, singing with the rhythm of joy, anger, sorrow, music and cadence is the original form of She songs. In 2005, the author was lucky enough to go to Zhejiang with the leaders of Chaozhou Group Art Museum to attend the "China She Nationality's Hometown" Song Festival on March 3rd held by Jingning She Nationality Autonomous County. The exchange of songs with relatives in Fujian and Zhejiang during and during the concert was appraised by Dr. Du, a professor from China Conservatory of Music who attended the concert. She songs in different parts of the country have their own tones, and the tones of Phoenix Mountain She songs are the most primitive and influenced by others. In the book "The Culture of She Nationality in Phoenix Mountain", we made a special discussion on the songs of She nationality, excavated, collected and sorted out a number of songs of She nationality, which provided detailed information for confirming the origin of the songs of She nationality in Phoenix Mountain. She nationality is a nation that can dance. She folk dances are rich and colorful. There are sacrificial dances to commemorate ancestors, praying dances to welcome gods and exorcise ghosts, sacrificial dances to celebrate the Ming Dynasty, funeral dances and dances to express productive labor. The number of people who take part in the dance depends on the type of dance, including solo dance, duet dance, trio dance, foursome dance and group dance.

In all kinds of sacrificial activities, she nationality can be divided into two types: money field and martial field. Recruitment Day is a combination of literature and martial arts. For example, the teacher began to ask God, which is a literary field dominated by oratorios. The voice is soft and tortuous, accompanied by the sound of bells and drums, and sometimes accompanied by broken steps and turns and small movements in singing. But when it comes to recruiting soldiers, recruiting soldiers and exorcising evil spirits, they sing and dance, with big gongs and drums and the screams of dragon horns, with great momentum, large movements, rough and bold dance steps and strong strength. She people call this beautiful dance "hunting step dance", which shows and reproduces the vigorous movements of the ancestor Wang when hunting in the deep mountains. Martial arts venues are the strengths of She teachers.

Mysterious "hand trick". According to legend, since ancient times, ghosts and heresies such as Five Ghosts, chihuo and Casualty Ghosts have been widely circulated in Shecun. Therefore, in the event of exorcism in recruiting talents, teachers and students must cast spells to exorcise ghosts and adopt various gestures, which are collectively called "hand tactic" and commonly known as "thunder tactic". According to our ancestors, there are 38 "hand tricks", 4 "ghost tricks", 2 "hanging buildings" and 2 "Luofang". In the "thunder tactic", different "hand tactic" has different functions. In recruiting soldiers, the basic footwork of the master is to help, and the most magical method is the wet nurse stepping on the help. Percussion music is the main way to walk, accompanied by music, and the atmosphere is solemn.

The recruitment day highlighted the "Zhong Dao Dance" of the She nationality. During the performance, the master holds the handle and wears many bell knives with copper coins hanging on them. In the plot of inviting gods, appreciating soldiers and offering sacrifices, the master shares one shoulder and one hand, and the bucket plate is on the top of his head, and his steps shake quickly and turn left and right, which makes the copper coin sound rhythmic and dance beautifully. Tsung i Jao pointed out in Chronicle of Chaozhou that "today's Chaozhou Opera still contains the components of She songs, such as the whole paragraphs of Sister Peach Blossom and Du Bodou in The Story of Peach Blossom Garden, and the' button tune' interspersed in Happy Play, which are all forms of She songs"; "The rhyme of Chaozhou Opera is still dominated by She songs. There are many emotions and jokes in she songs, telling what is ancient and also having the influence of communication with Chaozhou opera "; "I wrote" An Examination of the Origin of Yin Chao Opera ",pointing out that it is a mixture of She songs, Yan songs, Yangko songs, Qin operas and Han tunes. The music of Chaozhou opera is of course a mixture of various local music. "

According to legend, in the past, only the drum music played by teachers in praying for rain, offering sacrifices to ancestors, inviting gods and exorcising evil spirits, as well as the drum music played in weddings, funerals and festive occasions, was integrated with foreign drama and music in the Ming Dynasty. Since then, she village in Fenghuang Mountain has set up a gongs and drums class, equipped with more than 30 kinds of musical instruments, such as drums, Su gongs, dou gongs, deep wave gongs, Qin Zi gongs, violins, white-headed strings (two strings), coconut trees (Hu strings), suona, flutes and Xiao. In normal leisure time, several people can make do together and have fun. There are six kinds of music, such as light six, heavy six and lively five. The music scores include Fishing with a Net, Swimming in the Western Western jackdaw, Flying geese in Pingsha, Liu Qingniang and Buddhist music Ode to the South China Sea and Sailing on the Sea. On major festivals such as New Year's Eve, Chinese New Year and Village God's Day, gongs and drums classes are dispatched. During the recruitment period, the gongs and drums class is responsible for welcoming and cooperating with the teachers. According to historical records, the She nationality has always had a good tradition of practicing boxing. Long ago, her family was good at martial arts. From the Tang Dynasty, during the feudal period of more than 1000 years, there were constant wars and social unrest. In the struggle against foreign aggression, the She people have fully demonstrated their superb martial arts, and a number of epic heroes such as Lei Wanxing, Mrs. Xu and Lan have emerged. According to Chaozhou Zhi, Lan was the leader of the She-Han Rebel Army in Tai Po, Guangdong Province during the Jiajing period of Ming Dynasty. According to legend, his superb "Blue Skill Boxing" spread in southern Fujian and eastern Guangdong. There are more than twenty kinds of his routines, such as "four steps", "bamboo cutting", "cloud eyebrow" and "Chinese boxing".

In order to resist foreign aggression and protect the safety and fitness of the village, she village in Fenghuangshan opened a boxing gym and hired famous teachers to teach. In the past, both men and women in the village participated. In case of fighting with other villages, both men and women will go out. Later, only men participated in the training. Until the 1930s, this trend was ok. Adult men each practice a set of road boxing skills to prevent accidents when they go out to make a living.

In the recruitment activities, the village selected strong men with superb boxing skills as soldiers. They wore blue headscarves, yellow robes, red stripes around their waists, and armed with spears, iron ruler, double knives and other weapons 18, all of which were heroic. They are at the forefront of the ancestral temple, always at the disposal of their masters, and shoulder the task of maintaining public order throughout the activity. The She nationality in Fenghuang Mountain has always had traditional national costumes. As early as the Tang Dynasty, it was recorded in Zuo Qiu Ji. According to records, by the Ming Dynasty, the costumes of She nationality in Fujian, Zhejiang, Guangdong and Jiangxi were basically the same. Men and women "have no cold and heat, are all numb with clothes", "have no shoes", or wear leggings. Bouquets are still popular among women, that is, headdresses with high bouquets and lace. Because of different regions, whether they are married or not, their hairstyles are also different. For example, in the Ming Dynasty's "The Customs of Chaozhou House in Yongle Ceremony", "Counties and counties, whose place names are Bailong Kiln and Shuinan, are still talking outside the city, which is called' not old'. According to the old customs of the state capital, women who travel in and out of the city are all high-pitched and different from Zhongzhou, or they think that the legacy of vertebral bun can be confirmed. The place names of Bailongyao and Shuinan mentioned in this paper are now the She villagers in Leicuo Mountain, Dengxinguan and Caolanwu Village, where Bailinglai, Baishi Village, Shuihoukeng and Caolanwu Mountain under the jurisdiction of Yixi Town in Xiangqiao District live.

Since ancient times, weaving and weaving ribbons have been a fine tradition of She women. Most of them have been learning knitting and weaving since they were teenagers, and they often measure girls' skills by the quality of ribbons. In the old society, the clothing materials of She nationality were mainly linen fabrics woven by various families and dyed with indigo. Every household grows ramie and has spinning wheels. In slack season, women dip-dye and bleach ramie by hand, and then divide silk, twist thread, weave cloth, weave ribbon and dye it to make clothes. Older women at home tear ramie and twist it all year round to prepare clothes for their families, so they are all linen. This craft had spread to China, such as Li Shan Village, before the establishment of People's Republic of China (PRC). In the late 1940s, middle-aged and elderly women in the village were still busy tearing hemp and twisting thread to weave cloth.

The traditional clothing of She women is very particular. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, the most common women's dress was black, with embroidered leaders and upright chests, embroidered with floral patterns of birds facing the phoenix, as big as a bowl. The box is on it, with two red pompoms and various beads in the middle. As for the wedding dress, the quality is more exquisite, and it is necessary to use a silk dress, a gray silk or a red silk skirt. Women usually wear coarse clothes, and only wear new clothes on holidays or when they go out to be guests.

The shoes are black, with a cloth bottom, a flat nose, a bald head and a big mouth, and embroidery on both sides and in front.

Hairstyles have always been conservative. Married women usually tie a flat bun near the back of the head, cover it with a black bun net and insert a silver hairpin. Girls braid, tie a red or red-green ramie thread from the back of the front top ring, and tie the top of the head obliquely parallel to the braid.

Men's traditional clothing is relatively simple, and they wear blue, black or blue shirts with large rows of buttons. Its style is double-breasted, collarless, and the neckline is only inlaid with blue cloth. The shoulders are lined with cotton cloth. Bamboo shirts are divided into long sleeves and short sleeves, summer clothes and winter clothes.

The costumes of the She nationality in Fenghuangshan have been preserved until the end of Qing Dynasty. The first reason is that in order to strengthen the rule, the Qing court once banned the wearing of other ethnic costumes. Second, because there are few people, they are often ridiculed for wearing national costumes when going out. Finally, the old man died, for example, women's clothes were buried, and some were thrown away, so they were thrown away for a long time. However, the hairstyle of the elderly women remained until the 1980s.

On the day of recruitment, members of the She ethnic group wore traditional ethnic costumes with novel styles and ribbons, which was called a big show of She ethnic costumes. First of all, there are hundreds of statues hanging in the ancestral hall with different costumes. Secondly, the performers' costumes, such as the teacher wearing a gown, a robe embroidered with various patterns and a red hat, and then changing different costumes according to the ceremony. Third, men, women and children in the village are all dressed up and wearing their own clothes. The whole scene is colorful and dizzying. Chaozhou food culture has a long history and is very rich. It combines the customs of the ancestors of She nationality, such as pickling, eating raw, making glutinous rice cakes and stuffing, and enjoys a good reputation at home and abroad.

On normal days, she family is in charge of pickles. However, on the draft day, every household should offer sacrifices such as chicken, meat and fish to their ancestors, and prepare rich dishes to entertain relatives and friends. There are many kinds of dishes. Every household should come up with the cooking skills of color, taste, fragrance and shape necessary for making Chaozhou famous dishes. Because at that time, every family would have many relatives and friends to visit. Hospitality is a fine tradition of She nationality. The custom in the village holds that the more guests come, the better the popularity. The guests were invited to use the best quality glutinous rice with tea seeds as seasoning and make glutinous rice balls, which the She people called "as if it were fruit". Red should be painted on the surface of round, chicken, egg and fish. Also very particular about reception etiquette. For example, in terms of dishes, there are generally at least eight dishes and four bowls of soup per table, commonly known as 12 food table. Each family prepared delicacies and local products in advance and made them into famous dishes to entertain guests. When changing dishes, keep the plates and bowls on the table even and avoid odd numbers. The first and last course should be dessert. For elders and respected friends, a plate of chicken in the center of the dining table should be decorated with "four cents", that is, the head, wings and tail of the chicken should be placed around the plate, the liver and tendons should be placed in the middle, and the head of the chicken should be up to show respect for the guests. But "four cents" and liver are just decorations and can't be enjoyed. The number of guests in each family ranges from a dozen to dozens. Families with many guests should set up primary and secondary tables and arrange seats according to seniority. For those with high seniority and guests, arrange the main table and sit down in the order of east first and east second. At the same time, each table should be equipped with a host, who is responsible for screening wine, serving rice and dishes. Due to historical reasons, for more than 1000 years, the She nationality has been constantly migrating to avoid war, famine and forced migration by the imperial court, and gradually formed today's pattern of "big scattered and small living".

From the scriptures, we can trace back to the migration of She nationality. For example, "Mrs. Chen Sisi, Mrs. Li Sanniang, Mrs. Lin Yueshan, Mrs. Lin Jiujie in Gutian County, Fuzhou ...", "Aunt Zhu, Zhu Jiyi, Zhu Jiernian, Ye Gong and Zhu Fasheng in Youxi County, Nanjian Prefecture", "Bodhisattva in Zhangzhou Prefecture, and a parasol on the top of Lion Hill. These data provide clues for us to study the origin of She nationality.