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Farewell Xin Jian at the Lotus Pavilion

Wang Changling

Cold rain at night, Wu,

Pingming Chugu Mountain in Fujian.

If relatives and friends in Luoyang ask each other,

A piece of ice is in the jade pot.

Wu is in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, so it is called Wu.

Ping Ming: Good morning. Chushan: Chu was located in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River in the Spring and Autumn Period, so it was called Chu.

hill

4. Luoyang: Today, Luoyang, Henan Province, is where Xin gradually went.

5. Bing Xin: a metaphor for the purity of the soul. Jade pot: Ice in the jade pot further symbolizes people's honesty and integrity.

[explanation]

After a night of cold rain, the poet said goodbye to his friends in the Furong Building. At this time, only the morning light reflects the distant mountains.

He said to his friends, if my distant relatives and friends ask about me, please convey my sincere wishes to them.

[Appreciation]

This poem is different from ordinary farewell poems. It tries to express deep attachment to friends, but focuses on its own innocence and lofty aspirations. At that time, Xin gradually, a friend of the poet, was about to go north to Luoyang via Yangzhou. The poet who is working in Jiangning (now Nanjing, Jiangsu Province) personally sent him to Runzhou, sent him off in the northwest building (namely "Furong Building") and wrote this poem. "Entering Wu on a cold rainy night, seeing guests off in plain and clear, leaving Chu Mountain alone", the cold rainy night, the surging river, and even the hazy distant mountains are lonely, which sets off the poet's feelings of seeing friends off. But the focus of the poem is on the last two sentences. My friend's westward destination is Luoyang, where there are many poets' relatives and friends. The poet deeply misses his relatives and friends in Luoyang and imagines that they also deeply miss themselves. When he asks Hsin-mei, relatives and friends will say that my heart is still pure, crystal clear as ice and bright as jade. The poem uses clever metaphors to describe a pure and perfect character, showing high language skills and leaving an unforgettable impression.

Seven step poem

[Three Kingdoms? Cao weizhi

Boil beans for soup,

Think of it as juice.

The mash burns under the pot,

The beans are crying in the kettle.

Originally born from the same root,

What's the hurry?

[Notes]

1. pot (f incarnation): ancient pot.

2. Fried: suffering, metaphorical persecution. [Brief analysis]

According to Shi Shuo Xin Yu? Literature records: Cao Pi, Cao Zhi's brother, wanted to persecute Cao Zhi after he proclaimed himself emperor, so he ordered Cao Zhi to write a poem in a short time after seven steps. As a result, Cao Zhi sang this seven-step poem. The poet used the metaphor of fried beans to accuse Cao Pi of cruel persecution of himself and other brothers.

According to legend, Cao Zhi's brother Wei Wendi asked him to write a seven-step poem.

Otherwise, he will kill his head. Cao Zhi wrote this poem angrily. Beans and beanstalks are the same.

What comes out of Minister Gen is like brothers and sisters. The beanstalk cooks the beans in the pot.

I cried. The metaphor of elder brother forcing younger brother is very apt and touching.

[A Brief Analysis of Seven-step Poems]

As for the author of the seven-step poem, Xie Lingyun once commented: "There is only one stone in the world, and Cao Zijian monopolizes eight fights. I have to fight, and the world is divided into one battle. " That is to say, if the talent in the world is a burden (stone), Cao Zhi accounts for eight fights, and eight fights are a burden. ("Stone") Liu Xie's "Wen Xin Diao Long? "Talented Man" also said: "Zijian is smart and talented, and his poems are beautiful and elegant." Wang Shizhen's "Art Garden" in the Ming Dynasty also said: "Zijian is a beautiful genius. Although he has an eternal reputation, he actually avoids his father and brother. Why? It's too high and too fancy. " It can be seen that the predecessors have pointed out the characteristics of Cao Zhi's outstanding talent and abnormal endowment, and the best example of his talent is this seven-step poem.

There are many legends about the seven-step poem, according to Shi Shuo Xin Yu? According to the literature, Cao Pi has always held a grudge against his talented brother Cao Zhi since he proclaimed himself emperor. On one occasion, he ordered Cao Zhi to write a poem within seven steps. If he could not do it, he would be executed by Dafa (execution). However, after saying his word, Cao Zhi answered six poems, which is the most popular one above. Because it is limited to seven steps, it is called "seven-step poem" by later generations. It is said that Cao Pi was "deeply ashamed" after hearing this, not only because Cao Zhi showed extraordinary talent in poetry, but also because the poem showed that brothers are brothers, and they should not be suspicious and resentful, which naturally made the emperor feel ashamed.

The Seven Steps Poetry is written purely metaphorically. Its language is simple, its meaning is clear, and it needs no more explanation. Just a little unclog some words and expressions, and the meaning is self-evident. "Douchi" in the second sentence refers to Douchi that has been filtered and cooked to make sauce. "Fen" refers to beanstalk, which is dried and used as firewood. The powder is cooked with beans from the same root. Metaphor brothers are too tight, give up on themselves and violate heaven, which is naturally unacceptable. The poet's clever metaphor and clever language blurted out in an instant, which was really amazing. For thousands of years, the word "born from the same root, why bother to fry each other" has become a common language to persuade brothers not to kill each other, which shows that this poem is widely circulated among the people.

The first two sentences of the Seven-Step Poem are "Boil beans and burn tofu, and beans weep in the kettle", and the sharp contradiction between "tofu" and "bean" and the cruel persecution of tofu to beans are written by "burning" and "weeping". The last two sentences are "born from the same root, why speculate with each other!" Make the finishing point and prompt the theme of the poem. The word "the same root" is a pun. On the surface, it means that "glutinous rice" and "beans" grow on the same root. Actually, they were born to the same parents as xelloss, and asked xelloss why he was so anxious about his younger brother and sister.

The metaphor in the seven-step poem is very appropriate, simple and vivid. Although it is still difficult to determine whether this poem itself is really written by Cao Zhi, it reflects the internal contradictions of Cao Wei's ruling group with vivid images, and it is indeed a good poem.

People are idle, osmanthus flowers fall, and the night is quiet and empty.

When the moon comes out, the birds are startled, and the sound enters the spring stream.

Interpretation of poetry

When people's hearts calm down, they can feel the sweet-scented osmanthus falling from the branches in spring, and the spring mountain is empty in the quiet night. The bright moon rises from the valley, arousing the mountain birds and sometimes singing in the mountain stream.

words explanation

Empty: empty.

Chime: crow from time to time.

Appreciation of poetry and prose

By describing the dynamic scenes of flowers falling on the moon and birds singing, this poem creates a kind of vitality in the spring valley, and these dynamic scenes set off a quiet artistic conception, which is quiet in movement and endless in charm.

Looking for flowers by the river alone

Du Fu

Huang Si's maiden is full of flowers,

Thousands of flowers bent the branches.

Butterflies have been dancing,

Charming songbirds sing freely.

[Notes]

1. Walk alone: Walk or walk alone.

2. Path (xρ): Path.

3. Jiao: Cute.

4. Cha-cha: Just happened to meet. Speaking of birdsong.

5. Stay: I am reluctant to leave. This poem is used to describe butterflies flying around among flowers, reluctant to part. "Liulian" is a conjunction. The two words that make up Lian Mian's Ci only record the pronunciation of the word, which has nothing to do with the meaning. Therefore, a Lian Mian Ci may be written in several different ways, such as "lingering" and "lingering", but the meaning of the word is still the same.

[translation]

The path of Huang Si's family is full of flowers, and thousands of flowers are hanging on the branches.

The frolicking butterflies are constantly dancing, and the charming Oriole sings just right.

Limestone hymn

Yu Qian

A thousand hammers cut deep mountains,

When the fire started, it was idle.

I'm not afraid of being smashed to pieces,

Leave your innocence in the world.

[Notes]

If you are free: it looks normal.

[Brief analysis]

This is a poem that holds things in the air to express one's ambition. The author uses lime as a metaphor to express his determination to be loyal to the country, not afraid of sacrifice and stick to noble sentiments.

As an object-chanting poem, it is of no value if it is only a mechanical record of things without the deep meaning of the author. The value of this poem lies in the metaphor that lime is everywhere, and reciting lime is to praise a person's open mind and lofty personality.

The first sentence, "It's not easy to dig limestone". The second sentence is "If the fire burns, it will be idle." "Burning", of course, refers to burning limestone. Adding the word "if you are idle" makes people feel that you are not only burning limestone, but also seems to symbolize that people with lofty ideals will take their time and regard it as idle no matter how severe the test is. The third sentence is "I am not afraid of death." "Broken to Pieces" vividly describes that limestone is burned into lime powder. The word "not afraid at all" reminds us that there may be a spirit of not being afraid of sacrifice. As for the last sentence "keep the world innocent", it is the author's sincere feelings and determination to be a pure and innocent person.

Yu Qian was deeply loved by the people for being an official and upright, rehabilitating unjust imprisonment and relieving famine. In Ming Yingzong, Walla invaded and Yingzong was captured. Yu Qian proposed the establishment of Jingdi, personally led the troops to stick to Beijing, repelled Vala, and rescued the people from the brutal rule of Mongolian nobles again. However, after the British Restoration, the national hero was falsely killed for "treason". This poem of lime can be said to be a true portrayal of Yu Qian's life and personality.

Zhu Shi CPPCC

Hold the castle peak,

The roots were originally in the broken rocks.

After many trials and tribulations, it is still strong.

The wind direction is east, west, south and north.

The background of ancient poetry writers

Zheng Xie (1693- 1765) was a painter and poet in Qing dynasty. The word Kerou,no. Banqiao, was born in Xinghua (now Xinghua, Jiangsu) during the reign of Qing Qianlong. The poetic style is simple and pungent, and it is also unique in the painting world, which is called one of the "Eight Eccentrics of Yangzhou".

Interpretation of annotation of ancient poetry

Rooting: Rooting, rooting.

Original: originally.

Broken rock: a broken rock crack.

Grinding: torture, frustration.

Strike: strike.

Perseverance: tenacity and fortitude.

Ren: Whatever.

Joel: You.

Modern Translation of Ancient Poetry

Insist that the green hills are not relaxed, and the roots have been deeply rooted in the rocks. Tougher after many trials and tribulations, regardless of the strong winds in the east, west, north and south.

Appreciation of famous ancient poems and sentences

This poem embodies the tenacity and persistence of bamboo. It is not only a poem praising Yan Zhu's paintings, but also a poem chanting things. At first, the word "persistence" was used to personify Yanzhu, which has conveyed its charm; The last two sentences further describe Yan Zhu's character. After countless hardships, she has grown into a particularly tall and straight figure, from east to west, from south to north, never afraid of strong winds. Zheng Xie not only praised the beauty of bamboo poetry, but also painted bamboo vividly. In his words, he painted bamboo to comfort the working people in the world. So this poem is written on the surface of bamboo, but in fact it is written on people, and it is written on the author's own upright and stubborn character. He will never bow to any evil forces. At the same time, this poem can also touch our lives, overcome difficulties and face reality in a tortuous and harsh environment, and be as strong and brave as Yanzhu. (Chinese teaching plan for primary schools)

The banks of the Yellow River were recovered by the imperial army (Tang Dynasty)

The news of this distant western station! The north has been recovered! At first, I couldn't stop crying on my coat.

Where are my wife and son? There is not a trace of sadness on their faces. However, I packed my books and poems crazily.

On a green spring day, I began to go home, singing my songs loudly and drinking my wine.

Come back from this mountain, pass another mountain, go up from the south and then go north-to my own town! .

[Notes]

1. Henan and Hebei: the rebel base during the Anshi Rebellion in the Tang Dynasty. In 763 AD, it was recovered by loyal ministers.

2. Outside the sword gate: outside the sword gate, this refers to Sichuan. Du Fu lived in Sichuan at that time. Northern Hebei: Today's Northern Hebei

Area, is the home of the rebels.

3. but look: look back. Wife: wife and children.

4. Roll up: Roll up casually.

5. daytime: daytime. Indulge in: To indulge in drinking.

6. Youth: green spring. Accompanying: Spring can accompany me.

7. Under the dam: in the upper reaches of Jialing River. Wuxia: One of the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River, at the junction of Sichuan and Hubei.

8. Xiangyang: This belongs to Hubei. Luoyang: It belongs to Henan now.

[explanation]

The Anshi Rebellion brought great disasters to the country and people, and Du Fu had long hoped that the Anshi Rebellion could be settled as soon as possible.

When the day finally came, he was so excited that he cried with joy. The first four sentences are from "sudden biography" to "early biography"

Smell ",then" look "and" roll ",several continuous actions describe the mood of surprise vividly. After ...

Try to describe the excitement of "ecstasy" through imagination: he not only wants to sing and drink, but also hates it

I want to return to my hometown immediately in a beautiful spring, which can be seen from the four place names he listed in one breath.

Has flown away along this route!

Qing palace zizhen

Kyushu is furious.

It's a pity that a thousand horses can't walk. ②

I suggest that god stand up again.

Don't stick to a pattern and belittle talents.

author

1792- 184 1, the word Ren, renamed Gong Zuo, named Ding 'an, Yu Cen (Zuo Yingwang), a mountain man. Daoguang Jinshi, head of the official ceremony department. There is the Complete Works of Ding 'an. He Zizhen is an enlightening scholar of modern academic thought. Her poems can open up a new realm, with great momentum and magnificent colors, which influenced the revolutionaries in the late Qing Dynasty and poets in Nanshe. Shen Zhi, the founder of Tongguang, also called him a "wizard" and thought that "it takes hundreds of years to set up a temple."

To annotate ...

① Jihai: Nineteen years of Daoguang (1839). This year, the author was forty-eight years old. Dissatisfied with the darkness of the Qing officialdom, he resigned and went to Beijing to return to Hangzhou. Later, I came back and forth for family reasons. In this year, I traveled to and from Jinghang Road, and wrote 3 15 poems, all of which were named Ji Hai's miscellaneous poems. The song chosen here was originally listed as 125. Author's Note: "After leaving Zhenjiang, I met the Jade Emperor, Fengshen and Raytheon, and there were countless temples and temples, and Taoist priests begged to write green characters." (2) Wan Ma Qi He: Su Shi's "Preface to Sanma": "Ma Zhi Zhen Chang, Zhu Ma Qi He." Hey: Dumb. 3. motivate yourself: cheer yourself up, cheer yourself up.

judge

Gong Zizhen's Ji Hai Miscellaneous Poems is an autobiographical large-scale group poem, written after Wang Yuanliang in the late Song Dynasty.

The new development of Song Dynasty. Cheng Jinfeng commented that "the lines are bright and the saliva is magnificent" and "the voice is heavy and powerful, just like a jade groan." This is different from Qing Qiao's Yin Qi, which focuses on the battle of Dong Yong in the Opium War, and from Huang Zunxian's later Miscellaneous History of Ji Hai. This poem is the most outstanding one in Gong Zizhen's Ji Hai Za Shi, which can best reflect the author's spirit and the requirements of the times. The author conceived the image of the Jade Emperor in front of him, which was skillfully connected with "Heaven" and "Wind and Thunder", showing the reality that people's thoughts were very depressed and society was silent under the rule of Qing Dynasty. This reality is "sad". The author is calling for the arrival of great social changes and expecting the emergence of a vibrant new situation. A new situation can't appear automatically. He has to rely on talent to destroy the old world and create a new one. However, talents need diversity and should not be embedded in a box. The first half of this poem focuses on the problem of "qi", while the second half puts forward the problem of "eclecticism" of talents. This is a new problem, and the author asks people to reconsider and cheer up in order to achieve the goal of transforming the world. This is the enlightening significance of this poem. Of course, the two poems are ingenious.

Full of sadness, I set the sun in the west, waved my whip to the east and wandered around the world.

Falling flowers still have feelings and intentions, and turn into spring mud to cultivate new flowers.

Qingquan Temple is surrounded by oil and water. The temple is adjacent to Lanxi, and the stream flows west.

At the foot of the mountain, the blue buds in the stream are short, and the sand road between the pines is quiet and muddy. It rained at dusk. Who says life can't go back to adolescence? The water in front of the door can also flow west! Don't bemoan the passage of old age!

Operator ①

Send Bao Haoran to East Zhejiang (2)

Song? Wangguan

Water is conspicuous, ③

The mountain is where the eyebrows gather. ④

If you want to ask pedestrians where to go,

To the intersection of mountains and rivers. ⑤

Just sent home in spring,

I'll take you home.

If you go to Jiangnan to catch up with spring,

Never live with Chun.

Translation:

The water is blinking and the mountains are gathering eyebrows. Ask pedestrians where to go and where to go.

Spring has just sent you back and sent you home. If you catch up with spring in Jiangnan, you must live with spring.

Important and difficult notes: ① Wang Guan was born in Rugao (now Jiangsu). The year of birth and death is unknown. He was a scholar of the imperial court, and served as a magistrate of Dali Temple and Jiangdu successively. Zongshen went to Hanlin to be a bachelor when he was an official, and was dismissed because of the word "Qingpingle". There is the Collection of the Gods of the Crown, which has been lost, and there are 16 imitations. "Lexical" thinks that the name is changed to "a person who sells divination and fortune telling". Su Shi's ci is the main body in the ci book. Also known as "hundred-foot building", "plum wind wall" and "hanging the moon and thinning trees" Double tone, 44 words, rhyming. 2 Bao Haoran: Life is unknown. East Zhejiang: Southeast Zhejiang today. In the Song Dynasty, it belonged to East Zhejiang Road, referred to as East Zhejiang. ③ Eye-wave crossing: describes the flashing of eyes, which looks like water waves. 4 eyebrow peak gathering: describe the frown, which looks like two peaks. ⑤ Eyebrows: refers to places with beautiful mountains and rivers. Yingying: Beautiful in appearance.

Appreciation and inspiration:

This word is ingenious in conception and light in style, and it is unique in farewell works. The opening sentence "water is eye-catching" is unique: predecessors used to describe the beauty of a woman's face with metaphors such as "eyebrows like spring mountains" and "eyes like autumn water", but the author used it in reverse here, saying that water is eye-catching and mountains are eyebrows gathered together. Its beauty lies not only in bringing forth the new, but also in turning ruthlessness into affection with empathy, which makes the original work unexpected. The sentence "I want to ask a pedestrian" still gives birth to "eyebrow eye", and also shows that the pen is clever and the words are novel. "The place where people smile" refers not only to the beautiful scenery of their friends' hometown, but also to the beautiful eyes that spread hatred and show their eyebrows when their wives and concubines lean on the fence and look forward to their return. Pun intended, casting is not easy. After the film, the words "just waiting for the spring return" express a good mood and feeling: I was disappointed to "bring the spring back" just now; Today, "sending the king" is even more disappointing. In an instant, what's the difference between the two? However, the author deliberately uses light language, which contains but does not reveal. The sentence "If you go to Jiangnan" is whimsical again. Tell friends that if you can catch up with the spring scenery in Jiangnan, you must live with it. The feeling of cherishing spring is beyond words, and the meaning of blessing to friends is also in the sentence.

It happened that our teacher also asked us to check, and I gave it to you by the way. I hope it can be adopted! !