What methods can help us find the right direction in life?

When traveling in the wild, you must learn to tell the direction. We all know the pointing function of compass. Here are some other ways to tell the direction in the wild:

Contour: a line that artificially connects points with the same or similar geographical height, that is, a contour line. Generally, the height difference of contour lines is equal, depending on the map scale, generally between 50 and 200 meters. By looking at the distribution and density of contour lines, we can imagine the general terrain. The color blocks of contour lines change with the elevation, and the elevation rises from light brown to dark brown. If there is snow all the year round, it is white (with dotted lines on the side), and the altitude drops to a certain extent, it is often marked as green. Don't think it is a forest or an oasis. If it is a closed contour, it means a mountain peak or a depression or a funnel landform. If the contour lines become dense and merge together, they are steep cliffs and cliffs; If the contour lines are sparse, it means that the terrain is gentle slope or flat land; If the contour line is zigzag, it is a ravine. Map direction: the map direction of most areas is the upper north, lower south, left west and right east of the drawing. It is very important to recognize this point, which needs to be clear when planning the activity itinerary.

Legend: All maps have some symbols, lines and so on. Express a certain geographical terrain type, such as roads, lakes, grasslands, rivers, villages and towns, peaks, etc. General maps have legends.

Observe the sky: The most common way to observe the sky is to observe Polaris. At night, in the dark night sky, we always find the Beidou constellation shaped like a spoon. Seven times from the end of the spoon, there is a bright star, the Polaris, which is directly below the north and clockwise is east, south and west.

Sun and Moon: The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. Generally, you can see a general direction by observing the sunrise and sunset. You can also use the following methods to measure: erect a straight stick (1 meter high or above) on the flat ground, first make a mark on the top of the shadow of the straight stick (such as putting a stone), and the shadow of the straight stick will move with the movement of the sun. 65,438+00-60 minutes later, it will be great. Draw a line vertically in the middle of the line. This cross is a direction sign. Mark the second mark point with east, and then mark it clockwise with south, west and north.

How to use reference objects to identify directions outdoors?

How to tell the direction

Using the earth as the planet of the solar system and the position of other stars in the night sky can help you identify the direction. It rotates around the axis alternately day and night, and revolves around the sun to change seasons, because the earth tilts at a certain angle when it revolves around the sun, and gradually approaches from north to south, and the nearest point is located in the Tropic of Cancer. On June 22nd, the sun was directly above the Tropic of Cancer (23.5' north latitude). March 2 1 day and September 2 1 day are directly above the equator. Every day, the sun rises and sets in the west-but it is not due east or due west. There are some seasonal deviations. When the sun reaches its highest point at noon, it is just south of the northern hemisphere. In the southern hemisphere, it lies due north. The difference between the northern hemisphere and the southern hemisphere can be determined by the movement of tree shadows: the northern hemisphere moves clockwise and the southern hemisphere moves counterclockwise. Shadows can be used to determine the direction and time.

Shadow clock method (1)

On a flat land, vertically place a vertical trunk with a length of 65,438+0 meters. Mark the position of the shadow of the tree and mark the top with a stone or stick. After 65,438+05 minutes, mark the new projection position of the top of the trunk on the ground. The connection between two points will give you the east-west direction-mark the west first.

Shadow Clock Method (2)

If you have time, you can use another more accurate method-mark the first shadow vertex in the morning and make an arc with the point where the trunk falls as the center and the shadow length as the radius. With the arrival of noon, the shadow will gradually shorten and move, and in the afternoon, the shadow will gradually lengthen, marking the intersection of the shadow vertex and the arc point, and the connection between these two points on the arc will provide you with an accurate east-west direction-the shadow vertex in the morning is the west.

Simple compass

A wire (sewing needle is enough) rubs silk repeatedly in the same direction, which will produce magnetism. Hanging it can indicate the North Pole. The magnetism is not very strong, so you need to rub it again every once in a while to increase the magnetism. If you have a magnet, it will be more effective than using silk-pay attention to rubbing the magnet with an iron needle in the same direction continuously. Hang the magnetic needle with a rope to avoid affecting the balance. But don't use twisted or twisted ropes.

Observe the moon

The moon itself does not shine, but it reflects sunlight. When it orbits the earth for more than 28 days, the shape of the moon will change due to its different relative positions. If the moon and the sun are on the same side of the earth, it can't see the moonlight, which is called "new moon" (A)-and then the moon gradually becomes round as it rotates counterclockwise, gradually reflecting sunlight. The full moon is different from the sun At this time, the moon looks big and round, and then it gradually loses, and it goes on and on. This can be used to determine the direction. If the moon rises before the sun, the illuminated side is in the west. If the moon rises after the sun, the "shining" side is in the east. This method seems simple and clear, but it doesn't mean that you can use the moon to tell the direction of things all night.

Observe the stars

The first thing to learn to recognize is the Big Dipper, including Ursa major (A), Cassiopeia (B) and Orion (C), which obviously revolve around Polaris (D). Among them, Ursa major and Cassiopeia are not falling constellations, which are easy to identify. They are the primary characteristic constellations of Ursa major, and the Big Dipper revolves around Polaris. Dubhe(X) and Mer.

Cassiopeia (b)

Shaped like the letter "W", it also revolves around Polaris, which is located on the other side of Polaris and is almost the same distance from the Big Dipper. In the clear and dark night sky, Cassiopeia can be seen lying in the Milky Way. In some seasons, when the constellation Ursa major is ambiguous, finding Cassiopeia will be of great help in determining the position of the North Pole star. The star in the center of Cassiopeia almost points to the North Pole.

Orion (c)

It rises above the equator and can be seen in both hemispheres. Regardless of the latitude of the observer, it almost always rises due south and falls due north. Mintaka is almost above the equator. Orion seems to be farther away from Polaris than the first two. Three bright stars make up Orion's back, and three faint stars make up Orion's sword. These two features will help you find Orion.

Method 1: you can find a stump to observe, and the width of the annual ring is south;

Method 2: still find a tree with lush branches and leaves on the south and sparse branches and leaves on the north;

Method 3: observe the caves of ants, most of which face south;

Method 4: Where there are many rocks, you can also find an eye-catching rock to observe. The mossy side of the rock is the north side, and the dry and bare side is the south side.

Method 5: You can also use a watch to tell the direction: divide your time by 2, and then aim the quotient at the sun. The direction indicated by 12 on the dial is north.

In nature, some animals, such as pigeons, have the instinct to tell directions. Relevant experts have proved through experiments that some members of human beings also have this ability, but most people do not have it, or only have it potentially. Therefore, people have to rely on experience and tools to determine their direction in the wild.

Using the characteristics of ground objects

The following features can help us identify the direction: houses, especially houses in the north of China. Temples, especially the halls in the temples, generally have doors facing south. Trees, trees usually have lush foliage, bright colors and smooth bark on the south side, but the opposite is true on the north side. At the same time, moss may grow on the trunk on the north side. Prominent features such as walls and ridges.

Judging from the sun and timetable.

If you do it between 9 am and 4 pm, you can quickly identify the general direction: "Hour is half of the sun,'12' refers to the north". For example, at 9 am, you should face the sun at 4: 30; If it is at 2: 40 pm (that is, 14: 40), it should be facing the sun at 7: 20, and the direction of "12" is the north. In order to improve the accuracy of judgment, a thin needle or straw can be erected at the "half hour" position, and its shadow can pass through the center of the dial, as shown in the figure.

The related pictures of this theme are as follows:

It should be noted that: 1 "Hour" is 24 hours a day, such as 1 pm, which is 13 hours; 2. When judging the direction, the timetable should be flat (face up); 3. In the area between 20 30' south latitude and 20 30' north latitude, this method should not be used around noon; 4. Pay attention to the time difference, that is, based on the meridian of standard time, add 1 hour to the east and subtract 1 hour to the west, and set the standard conversion of time as local time.

Use a compass

When the magnetic needle of a compass is at rest, its N end (usually marked) refers to the north.

It is very simple and quick to tell the direction with a compass, but pay attention to: 1. Try to keep the compass level; 2. Don't be too close to iron and magnetic substances; 3. Don't mistake the S end of the magnetic needle for the north, which will lead to the misjudgment of the direction of 180.

Use the stars at night

1. Polaris is located in the sky due north. When observed, its height from the ground level is about the same as the local latitude. When searching, it is generally determined according to the Big Dipper (that is, Ursa major) or the W star (that is, the constellation Xianhou). The Big Dipper is seven bright stars, shaped like a spoon. A straight line extends from the spoon head to the spoon mouth, which is about five times the interval between the two stars.

When the Big Dipper can't be seen on the earth's rotation, we can use W star to find it. W star is composed of five bright stars, shaped like a "W" letter, which extends to the W-shaped notch direction by about twice the width of the notch. This is Polaris.

The related pictures of this theme are as follows:

Use the Southern Cross.

In the area south of 23 3' north latitude, you can sometimes see the Southern Cross at night, which can also be used to tell the direction. The Southern Cross consists of four brighter stars, which are shaped like a cross. At the lower right of the Southern Cross, it extends down about four and a half times along the connecting line between A and B (no stars are visible), which is due south.

Outward judgment

There are many ways to judge the direction and position in the field. Here are some common methods:

1. Use a compass (compass):

Place the compass or compass horizontally to center the bubble. When the magnetic needle is at rest, the end marked with n refers to the north.

In addition to measuring the true north direction, a compass or compass can also measure the specific direction of the target. The method is to aim the compass sight at the target, or aim the 0 scale on the dial at the target, so that the target, the 0 scale and the magnetic midpoint are on the same line. After the compass is horizontally stationary, the scale pointed by the N end is the direction from the measuring point to the target, and the N end of the magnetic needle points to 36, so that the target is 36 degrees east of the measuring position due north.

Using a compass or compass to identify the direction is simple and fast, but you need to pay attention to:

1) try to keep the level;

2) Don't get too close to magnetic substances;

3) Don't mistake the S end of the magnetic needle for the north, resulting in a direction error of 180 degrees;

4) Master the magnetic declination in the active area and correct it.

2. Use the sun:

On a clear day, according to the sunrise and sunset, you can easily know the east and the west, and you can also judge the direction. However, you can only roughly estimate that there are several ways to determine it more accurately:

1) watch direction finding. "Half hour refers to the sun, 12 refers to the north". Generally, you can quickly identify the direction between 9 am and 4 pm, and aim at the sun half the time. 12 is the north, for example, 14: 40 in the afternoon, and half is 7: 20. Or erect a stick in the center of the watch and turn the watch so that the shadow of the stick coincides with the hour hand. At this time, the bisector between 12 is the north.

It must be noted that when judging the direction, the watch should be flat; It is not suitable for use at noon in areas between 20 degrees and 30 degrees north latitude.

2) Sun shadow direction finding. A wooden stick is erected on the ground, and its shadow moves with the change of the position of the sun. These shadows are the shortest at noon, the connecting line at the end is a straight line, and the vertical line of the straight line is the north-south direction.

Draw a series of concentric circles on a piece of 50× 50cm drawing paper, and the radius of the concentric circles increases by 1cm. Nail it to the flat plate and fix it horizontally. Insert a thin steel needle or needle with the length of 12 ~ 15cm vertically into the center of the circle. When the position of the sun changes, the endpoints of the shadow always intersect with concentric circles to draw these points, and then connect two points on the same circle into a straight line.

1. Use the characteristics of nature to determine the direction.

Without topographic maps, compasses and other equipment, we should learn to use some special functions of nature.

Signs determine the direction.

First of all, the sun is the most reliable compass.

We know that the sun moves from east to west, while the shadow moves from west to east. For example, at 6 o'clock in the morning, the sun rises in the east, and the shadows of all objects fall to the west; By noon 12, the sun is due south and the shadow points to the north; At 6 o'clock in the afternoon, the sun is due to the west and the shadow points to the east. Therefore, the direction can be roughly determined by the shadows of the sun and objects.

As the saying goes: "immediate", use a pole (straight pole) to make it perpendicular to the ground, and put a stone at the vertex A of the pole shadow; About 10 minute, when the shadow vertex of the column moves to B, put another stone to connect the two points A and B into a straight line, which points to the east-west direction, with the direction perpendicular to the AB line as the north-south direction, the end facing the sun as the south, and the opposite direction as the north (Figure 5).

According to this method, the higher the pole, the thinner it is, and the more perpendicular it is to the ground. The longer the shadow moves, the more accurate the direction is, especially around noon 12. For example, the shadow lengths at 1 1.30 and 12.30 are almost equal, and the connecting line of vertices just points to the east-west direction, so the vertical line of the connecting line can be more accurate.

The earth rotates 360 degrees in 24 hours, and turns 15 degrees in an hour, but the hour hand of a watch always turns twice as fast as the sun. According to this principle, the position can be roughly determined by the watch and the sun. At 6 o'clock in the morning, the sun is in the east and the shadow points to the west. At this time, the hour hand on the watch points to the sun, and the word "12" on the dial points to the west. If the dial turns 90 degrees, it is 6. At noon 12, the sun is in the south. If 12 is folded in half so that the character "6" on the dial faces the sun, the character "12" still refers to the north (Figure 6).

According to this method, we should consider the local time difference. We should adopt conversion of time and Beij as local time. Based on the east longitude 120 degree line. Every 15 degrees east longitude, Beijing time plus 1 hour, west longitude plus 15 degrees, Beijing time minus 1 hour, that is, local time. If the geographical coordinate of Urumqi is 87 degrees 40 minutes east longitude, then (65438).

Taiwan Province Chiayi, Nan 'ao Island, Guangdong Shantou Northeast, Guangxi Wuzhou, Yunnan Gejiu South of the Tropic of Cancer (23 degrees 27 minutes north latitude) can not use the above two methods in summer.

By the way, we know the principle that the relative position of the earth and the sun moves 15 when the earth rotates, and we can roughly determine the direction with the watch and the sun. On the contrary, we can also use the compass and the sun to roughly determine the time. The method is to point the compass to the north and divide the reading of the sun position by 15. In China, Beijing time is standard time, and Beijing is 65438+ east longitude.

As the saying goes, "Everything grows on the sun", and the heat energy of the sun has formed many indirect directional characteristics in nature. After mastering these characteristics, even on a cloudy day without the sun, you can still determine the direction accordingly. For example, the grass near stumps, trunks and big stones grows tall and lush in the south, and the grass in the south withers and turns yellow faster in winter. Bark is generally smooth in the south and rough in the north (there are many cracks and uneven bumps on the bark).

In summer, the gum flowing from the trunks of pine, cypress and fir trees is more in the south than in the north, and it is caked. The secondary bark covered on the trunk of pine trees formed earlier than that in the south, and developed higher upward. This phenomenon is more prominent when the bark swells and turns black after rain. In autumn, the fruit trees facing south have dense branches and leaves and many fruits, especially apples, dates, persimmons, hawthorn, lychee and citrus. When the fruit is ripe, it faces south.

Ant nests near trees and shrubs are always in the south of trees and shrubs.

Moss growing on stones likes humidity and is not resistant to sunlight, so mosses generally grow on the north side of stones.

The leaves of Mongolian chrysanthemum and wild lettuce on the grassland point north and south.

In the mountainous and hilly areas of northern China, dense arbor forests mostly grow on shady slopes, while shrubs mostly grow on sunny slopes. This is because the evaporation of soil moisture on shady slopes is slow and soil and water conservation is good, so vegetation restoration is faster than that on sunny slopes, and forests are easy to form. In addition, judging from tree habits, Abies and Picea grow well on the northern slope, while Pinus massoniana, Pinus armandii, birch and poplar mostly grow on the southern slope.

In spring, the snow melts first to the south and then to the north. In potholes and depressions, the snow in the north melts earlier. Most rivers in the frozen soil area in the north are gentle on the north bank and steep on the south bank.

Besides, temples, pagodas and ordinary houses all face south. The gate of the Islamic mosque faces east (west).

At night, Polaris is usually used to determine the direction. To find the North Star, we must first find the Big Dipper (commonly known as the Big Dipper), because it always keeps a certain position relationship with the North Star and keeps rotating. When we find the Big Dipper, it will extend to the direction of the spoon along the connecting line between the two stars A and B on the edge of the spoon, which is about five times the distance between the two stars A and B, and there is a brighter star, namely Polaris.

In the area south of 40 degrees north latitude, the Big Dipper often turns below the horizon, especially at dusk in winter. At this time, we should look for the North Star according to Andromeda opposite the Big Dipper. Andromeda consists of five stars with the same brightness as the Big Dipper, forming a "W" shape. In front of the middle of the "W" gap, which is about twice the width of the whole gap, we can find the Polaris.

In the area south of 23 degrees north latitude, the Southern Cross can be used to determine the direction of the first half of the year. The Southern Cross is mainly composed of four bright stars connected diagonally to form a cross. It extends downward along the connecting line between the two stars A and B, and is located in the due south direction, which is about four and a half times the distance between the two stars.

You can also use the moon to determine the direction at night. The moon rises and sets regularly. The moon rises 48-50 minutes later than the day before. For example, on the fifteenth day of the lunar calendar 18, the moon rises in the east. On the twentieth day of the lunar calendar, it rises about 4 hours later and appears in the eastern sky at about 22: 00. The moon phase will also change. The bright part of the moon is on the left. The first half of the month is the first quarter moon, the middle of the month is the full moon, and the second half is the second quarter moon. Every month, the moon rises and falls according to the above two laws. Please refer to the table below and use the moon to determine the position.

In addition, according to the law that it takes about 12 hours for the moon to turn from east to west, and the average rotation is about 15 degrees per hour, combined with the moon phase, position and observation time at that time, the direction can be roughly determined. For example, at 65,438+00 in the evening, when you see the moon on the right in the night sky, you can judge that it is the first quarter moon, and the moon is at 6 o'clock when the sun goes down. At this time 10-6: 00 = 4: 00, that is, four hours have passed, and the moon has rotated during this period 15× 4 = 60. Therefore, if the position of the moon is deflected to the left (east) by 60 degrees, it is due south.

In nature, the wind can also help us know the direction. For example, the windward side of wooden pillars is dark and perishable, while the windward side of cliffs and stones is smooth. However, we must be familiar with the prevailing local wind direction, which is particularly important in desert areas.

Wind is an important factor in shaping desert surface morphology, and crescent dunes and dune chains are the main areas with single wind direction. There is a steep slope on the leeward side. Due to the prevailing northwest wind, sand dunes generally form from northwest to southeast. The northwest side of the dune has a small slope and is sandy.

It's hard, the southeast slope is steep and the sand is soft. Under the action of northwest wind, plants in desert areas, such as butter grass, willow, Haloxylon ammodendron and camel thorn, all tilt to the southeast. The door of Mongolian yurts usually faces the southeast of leeward. In winter, many snow ridges and sand ridges are often formed near hay, with a big head and a small tail, and the direction pointed by the head is northwest.

These are the general characteristics of desert areas. The wind direction also varies with different regions and seasons. Therefore, according to the characteristics of the wind direction and referring to the usual military geography, we should understand the prevailing wind direction of the local four seasons, so as to get a correct judgment. It should also be noted that pyramid-shaped dunes will appear in areas with similar wind directions and winds, and it is more complicated to judge the direction in this area, so it is necessary to refer to the comprehensive judgment of the sun, the moon and the stars.

It is worth mentioning that people are familiar with the saying that "independent trees usually have dense branches and leaves in the south and sparse branches and leaves in the north" and "independent tree stump rings are usually small in the north and large in the south", but the actual operation is more complicated. M. Beljakov, a former Soviet, pointed out after systematic observation: "You can't judge the direction by the branches and leaves of trees and the annual rings. But on this side of free space. As far as independent trees are concerned, besides sunshine, wind and other factors also have great influence, so judging the direction is often unreliable. Similarly, even the annual rings of independent trees are not necessarily wide in the south; It is not only the sun but also the wind that affects the width of the rings. In addition, the width of tree rings varies vertically, and different results can be obtained by cutting trees at different heights. " According to the field observation, beria Foucault's point of view is reasonable. For example, the independent trees in Helan Mountain Valley in Ningxia are influenced by the west wind all the year round, and their branches and leaves are facing east, not south.

When using natural features to determine the direction, we should pay special attention to the specific analysis of the specific situation, and we must never copy it mechanically. When determining the direction, we must pay attention to the comprehensive use of various methods to complement each other and verify each other. China has a vast territory, and the natural conditions in different regions are quite different. On the basis of mastering the same laws, we should also pay attention to the special laws of each region in order to draw a correct judgment.

What if I get lost?

When traveling in the wild, the original road disappears, or the route is not determined at the beginning, only looking at the terrain and orientation, and the result is that you can't find the location, which makes you lost.

When you find yourself lost, don't panic and change your measures. You should stop immediately, calmly recall the road you have traveled, try to reposition yourself according to all possible signs, and then find your way. The most reliable way is to "get lost", follow your own steps and return to the original starting point. Don't bump blindly. It sometimes takes a lot of determination to go back to the original route. Especially when you have climbed the mountain, you temporarily decide to change course and take a difficult road back.

If you find yourself lost, you should climb high and look far, and judge where to go, especially in mountainous areas. Climb the nearby big ridge to observe first, and then decide whether to continue climbing or go down. Usually go to the low-lying direction, so it is easy to touch the water source. It is safest to walk along the river, which is especially important in the forest (jungle). As the saying goes, "water can send people home", because roads and settlements are often.

In mountainous areas, if the direction of the mountain range is clear and the slope of the ridge is gentle, you can walk along the ridge. Because the ridge has a wide field of vision, it is easy to observe the road conditions and determine the location. Ridges also play a guiding role. As long as you walk along the ridge, you can usually reach a certain goal.

Walking in the vast and flat desert, Gobi desert or vast snowy forest, people generally don't walk in a straight line in the above areas because of the single scenery and lack of directional objects. The average person's left step is slightly larger than his right step by 0. 1 ~ 0.4 mm, so he will turn right unconsciously. Pedestrians generally walk a circle, with a diameter of about 3 ~ 5 kilometers, which is also the saying "ghost hits the wall". It is very important to move in a straight line in a certain direction when traveling in the desert Gobi or forest. When walking in the above areas, you can determine the direction by the wind blowing in one direction for a long time or the cloud drifting rapidly in one direction. When walking against the wind or cloud or keeping a certain angle with it, you can ensure that you walk in a straight line for a certain period of time. You can also use the "overlapping marking method", that is, make a mark at the back at regular intervals (such as putting stones at a certain angle) or carve a mark on the trunk with a knife and axe, and constantly look back to see if the marks on the route are on the same line, so you can know whether they are off the direction. In the war of liberation, when our PLA was fighting bandits in the northeast, some scouts used this method to get and send information back and forth in the vast forest and snow fields.

The scenery in the desert area is monotonous and often makes people get lost. Sand dunes move in the desert because of the wind, and the roads are not fixed. You can tell the road according to the feces of horses, donkeys and camels on the ground. Generally, there are regular routes taken by people and animals. If there is no way out, they can follow in the footsteps of camels. In the arid desert, camels have a special sensitivity to water, so they can often find water. In fixed and semi-fixed places, there is little change. As long as you keep the general direction of travel, you can keep going. In areas with quicksand, individual road sections will be covered and roads will bypass left and right. Generally, this detour distance will not be very far. You should return to the original direction in time, don't go straight to the fork in the road and go astray. In desert areas, you should also be careful not to be confused by a mirage.

When traveling in the forest, you can't see the sun, the moon and the stars at all. When entering the forest, in order to avoid getting lost, we should study the local topographic map clearly. Pay special attention to linear objects on both sides of the direction of travel, such as rivers, highways, mountains and long lakes. Pay attention to whether their positions are on the left or right of the route and whether they are parallel to the route. If you find that you are lost, you should immediately move in the direction of pointing to the object.

If you get lost in the forest, you should first estimate how far you have gone from the place where you can determine the direction, then look for the trunk around you that is easy to watch, scrape the skin with a knife and axe as a ring mark (that is, scrape the skin around the trunk so that you can see it from any direction), and then go back according to your memory. If you can't find the original place, go back to the mark and try again in another direction. In the end, you can always find your goal.

In the forest, if you don't pay attention, it's hard to tell whether it's a forest Nakakoji or a gap between trees. The path that people often take becomes hard and practical because of the frequent trampling on the road surface. However, it should be noted that not all solid roads are pedestrian paths. If the upper body often touches the branches of grass vines, but the lower body is not entangled in these sundries, it may be a path where wild animals haunt. In the dark, this feeling is more acute and accurate than during the day. In this case, you should return to the sidewalk immediately.

There are many ethnic minorities living in the jungle area in the southwest frontier of China. They are used to cutting down all the trees in the mountains near the stockade. So, after getting lost in this area, you can climb the tree or have a look. If you find that there are no trees on a mountain, there are often people near that mountain. In addition, the houses of Dai and other ethnic minorities are mostly made of bamboo, and they are used to planting big bamboos next to the stockade. So it is easy to find huts where there are big bamboos.

When you get lost, there is no way to go, which is very frustrating. If you meet a fork in the road, there are many roads. At this time, you must first make clear the direction you want to take, and then choose the right path. If the directions of several roads are roughly the same, choose the middle road, so as to make ends meet, and even if you take the wrong road, you will not deviate too far.

In open areas, such as grassland, beach and snow, ground signs can be made according to local conditions, such as cutting grass into certain signs, stepping on the snow or placing corresponding signs with trees and stones to communicate with the air.

1, usually refer to the map and compass, actively observe the surrounding terrain and plants, and determine the correct position.

Step 2 use the sun

In winter, the sunrise position is south-east and the sunset position is south-west; In summer, the sunrise position is north-east and the sunset position is north-west; Around the vernal equinox and autumnal equinox, the sunrise is due east and the sunset is due west.

As long as there is the sun, you can use your watch to tell the direction. Read the time according to the 24-hour system and divide the hour by 2 to get one hour. Put the watch horizontally on your hand or on the ground, so that this time of the watch is aimed at the direction of the sun. At this time, the direction indicated by 12 on the dial is north, and the direction indicated by 6 o'clock is south.

Immediately, a pole was erected on the ground, with the shadow pointing northwest in the morning and northeast in the afternoon. The shortest shadow was at noon, when the shadow pointed due north.

Step 3 use stars

Targeting Polaris. First, look for the spoon-shaped Big Dipper, and extend the interval between two stars on spoon C by five times. Then you can find Polaris on this straight line, and the direction of Polaris is due north.

4. Use features to judge orientation.

Independent trees are generally lush in the south and smooth in the north. The south is usually dense with grass, while the north is wet and covered with moss.

For buildings and mounds, the snow melts slowly in the north, but it is the opposite in depressions such as potholes.

The doors and windows of large temples, pagodas and rural detached houses in northern China are mostly open to the south.

The northern edge of the clearing in the forest is covered with grass. The annual rings of the stump are usually spaced apart in the south and in the north.

In the grassland and desert areas in northern China, many snow dragons and salons often form near the north wind and grassland, with big heads and small tails, pointing to the northwest.