What are the surnames in China? (The more lists, the better)

1. In modern times, when people in China meet for the first time, they generally like to ask, "What's your name?" The other party generally replied, "I don't want your last name." Asking others your name is a sign of respect, not modesty. This is the courtesy of China people.

In ancient times, surnames were different from aristocrats.

Xia Shang Zhou: Different Surnames and Surnames

In Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties, surnames were different from surnames. The so-called marriage of Ming surnames means that surnames are different. Surnames are unique to nobles, and civilians have at most one surname. As we all know, Confucius is actually surnamed Zi. Confucius is a descendant of Song Dynasty, and Song Dynasty is a follower of Shang Dynasty and the son of Xing. Kong is just the surname of Confucius. It seems that it is more accurate to call Confucius Confucius. Another example is Qu Yuan, who is the official position of Chu State. The surname of the king of Chu is Xiong, and the last name is Mi [mǐ], and Qu is just his surname.

After Qin and Han dynasties: the system of merging surnames appeared.

During the Qin and Han dynasties, surnames gradually merged, but the distinction between high and low surnames did not disappear, but intensified. Gate valves appeared in this period. The so-called gate valve is a general term for family and valve reading, which refers to a noble family that has been an official for generations, also known as aristocratic families, clothing, clans, gentry, dignitaries, aristocratic families, giant rooms and so on. Gate valves originated in the late Western Han Dynasty and flourished in the Southern and Northern Dynasties. What gate valves are there? The "Wu surname" represented by Zhu, Zhang, Gu and Lu is a local snake in the south of the Yangtze River. Wang, Xie, Yuan and Xiao are the representatives of the "overseas Chinese surname" who crossed the Yangtze River through the south crossing gate of the Jin family. In the Tang Dynasty, Liu Yuxi's poem "In the old days, Xie Wang died before the Tang Dynasty and flew into the homes of ordinary people" was a sigh of emotion for the rise and fall of Wang and Xie headed by Wang Dao and Xie An.

The most famous gate valves are Boling Cui Shi, Qinghe Cui Shi, Fanyang Lushi, Longxi Lee, Zhaojun Lee, Xingyang Zheng and Taiyuan Wang. Among them, Li and Cui Shi have two clans in the county, so they are called five surnames and seven surnames. At the end of the Tang Dynasty, Tang Wenzong proposed to the family of Prime Minister Qin Zheng. Qin Zheng would rather marry her granddaughter to Cui Gao, an official of Jiupin Sesame, than the Crown Prince. The literati lamented: "My son of heaven is 200 years old and doesn't care about Cui and Lu Ye?"

It is an honor to have the same surname as the emperor.

With the gentry system gradually fading out of the historical stage, the royal surname is still a definite aristocratic surname. In feudal society, once a surname became the surname of the emperor, it was immediately worth a hundred times and was honored as the national surname. It is an honor to have the same surname as the emperor, and the same clan is an intangible political asset. Liu Bei has no right, no power and no soldiers, and finally he can be established. His surname Liu is his golden signboard. Zhao topped the list in Hundred Family Names because the book appeared in the Song Dynasty, and the emperor of the Song Dynasty surnamed Zhao.

"two and a half" your last name: you can't answer "free" or "not expensive"

In addition to the national surname, there are two surnames that have become your surnames since the Tang and Song Dynasties. Which two surnames? One is Kong, the surname of Confucius, and the other is Zhang, who is said to be the surname of God (Jade Emperor) or Zhang Tianshi. So folks say that there are only two and a half noble surnames in the world, except Kong Zhang, the royal surnames can only be counted as half. If you answer "not expensive" or "not expensive" to these surnames, you are likely to get into trouble because you have offended saints, immortals and emperors.

"Gui" surname

Besides, your family name is indeed a family name. Its origins are numerous, and the most authentic one originated from Zhuan Xu's great-grandson Lu Zhong, who was named after the fief returning to righteousness.