Brief Introduction of Pu Songling: Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio represents the artistic peak of China's classical novels.

Pu Songling was an outstanding novelist in Qing Dynasty. Liu Xian, a native of Chen Jianren, was born in Zichuan, Shandong Province. Pu Songling became famous as a teenager and was highly praised by historians and scholars. But they failed in the provincial examination: the imperial examination failed. 7 1 year-old became a tribute student. Besides being a middle-aged guest of Baoying, he has been a school teacher in his hometown all his life. Living in poverty, sympathizing with people's sufferings. His works are mainly poetry and prose, and he is good at making slang songs: pop songs. It took more than 20 years to write a collection of short stories. There are also serials, poems and popular books written for farmers. Pu Songling's Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio represents the artistic peak of China's classical novels, which has had a great influence on novel creation since the early Qing Dynasty. Yuan Mei's novel Xie Qi Xin and Shen Qifeng's novel Xie Duo are both imitations. Pu Songling is famous for his literary works because of his cleverness in his youth. I learned from my father when I was a teenager. I can read and recite classic poems at a glance. /kloc-entered Zichuan county at the age of 0/9. Jinan Prefecture and Shandong Province won three firsts in the three-level scientific examination of learning Taoism, which immediately attracted the attention of the people of Shandong Province. Shi, the examiner at that time, was a famous writer in the early Qing Dynasty, also known as the Southern Song Dynasty. Love is like life. Therefore, he worships Pu Songling very much and praises his articles for their extraordinary fragrance and immortality in the air for a hundred years. Reading is like a bright moon, writing is like a phoenix, and there is pleasure in cruising. It can be seen that Pu Songling's articles have a literary foundation. He won three firsts in a row and became a scholar and respected. It should be said that Pu Songling's talent is sharp-edged, which is also his heyday. However, fate is good: this situation is not very good. It was not until he took the exam for the last time at the age of 72 that he realized that I had failed. He once wrote a sentence lamenting his experience. He felt that he was brilliant, just like Bian He who had his feet chopped off and offered jade in the Spring and Autumn Period. He can't. I didn't get a chance to show it to them. What hindered him was the decadent imperial examination system. He had no choice but to write a book in the desolate famine. However, it was in such poverty that he spent all his life and energy to complete the immortal masterpiece Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio. Perhaps this is the different mission given by history to China ancient writers, top scholars and juren. Pu Songling, because he tried every time, knew that there was no way out in Qingyun, so he separated from his family and made a living by himself. He makes a living by teaching. The two most influential things during this period are: first, being a guest, and second, being a family for 30 years. Pu Songling was separated from his brothers when his father died. In order to make a living, he taught for some time. Later, at the invitation of Sun Hui, a fellow villager in Baoying County, I was a guest for one year, writing books, official documents and giving speeches for him. This is Pu Songling. This is the only trip away from home in his life. Bao should be located in Huaihe River Basin. He has been able to travel to many places, which not only broadens his horizons, but also enriches his experience. Moreover, he can personally witness the darkness of officialdom and have a personal experience of the management and rich life of corrupt officials. During Baoying, Pu Songling also expressed his love for the scenery of Jianghuai and wrote some beautiful, fresh and verve poems. However, finding a job outside is not a long-term solution. After staying in Baoying for a year, I resigned and went back to my hometown. Since then, forced by family planning, Pu Songling began a family career of xipu Biji for 30 years. Bi Shunzhi was imprisoned for three years and then rose to Tongzhou in the south of the Yangtze River. In the second year of Kangxi, he was dismissed from office because of settling the arrears of grain. After returning to the field, I lived a secluded and leisurely life. Bi Ji You has a house garden in the west, named Yin Shi Garden. There are flowers and trees everywhere in the garden, and the scenery is beautiful. Pu Songling moved to this park in midsummer. hello

For example, during the Four Books, historians often mentioned Bici, and the servants and servants of the works provided by Bici historians were preserved. The Five Classics, for example, were told by the servants of the Bi family. At the end of the article, it is clearly stated that it was written by teacher Bi Zaiji. After Bi died, Pu Songling and his son Bi still maintained deep feelings. He stayed in the library of Bi for 30 years. My home, which is a long time, took nearly half of Pu Songling's life. It was not until 7 1 year-old that he ended his decades-long teaching career and withdrew his hukou to go home. From then on, he began to live at home in his later years. Soon, his wife died of illness, and there were two husband and wife: spouse and husband and wife. Pu Songling, who is deeply in love, is undoubtedly a heavy blow. From then on, he was unhappy and seldom laughed. Pu Songling's wife is a good wife. It is said that Pu Songling was sickly since childhood. When he grew up, his health was still very poor. Coupled with his poor family, he concentrated on his studies, hoping to win fame and find a way out. Who knows, after having obtained the provincial examination, Sun Shan was named several times. When he proposed, he was often laughed at by outsiders. But he was lucky to marry a virtuous wife, help him with housework, share his worries, give him time to write books and make achievements in literature. Pu Songling's wife, Liu, is gentle and honest, and is deeply loved by Weng Gu. His eldest sister-in-law, Han Shi, is clever and cunning. Jealous, so my sister-in-law is not harmonious and often quarrels. Later, they separated and gave him a bad house. His life is too hard for Pu Songling. I can't control his family. Therefore, the life of this poor family depends entirely on Liu Qinqin's textile: generally speaking, the economy. Stay frugal and try to raise four sons. Pu Songling sits outside the pavilion and goes home for New Year's Eve every year. Although there is not much delicious food, the family is sitting together, laughing and having fun, and the atmosphere is very warm. He is satisfied with this family happiness. Sometimes, because Pu Songling is happy, he drinks glass after glass of homemade yellow wine and feels like a fairy. When you are in a good mood, sing an impromptu song to your wife. Time flies. Blink of an eye, Pu Songling is 50 years old. Even so, Pu Songling has not forgotten his fame. Liu saw through his mind and said to him, don't think about fame any more. If you are destined to be famous, you should join the cabinet now to show your respect. The mountain forest has its own fun, why bother with fame? Hearing his wife's words, Pu Songling was relieved by her thoughtful words and felt that what she said was reasonable. Seeing that their children and grandchildren are enrolled in school, there is still hope for their glory, so they often show some pride. One day, Pu Songling proudly said to his wife, Don, a person without dignity wants to be your wife? Liu replied: I don't have any special skills. Now four sons and one grandson can inherit the career of studying. If they win, they should stop starving and freezing. God's reward can't be said to be generous. The so-called contentment is always happy. Why don, we can't be happy for long, but we have to make much ado about nothing. The poverty of life and the failure of the imperial examination dealt a great blow to Pu Songling, making him overwhelmed, forcing Pu Songling to set up books to teach reading in his spare time, pinning his grief and indignation on the pen and trying to create strange stories from a strange studio. He started writing at the age of 20 and became a book at 40. Legend has it that when he was teaching in a private school in the village, in order to collect stories, he and his wife carried a big belly of magnetic poppy every morning, poured bitter tea, grabbed a handful of tobacco leaves and took them to the roadside at the entrance of the village, and sat down to entertain passers-by for free. Those passers-by are mostly vendors, porters and vagrants. When they are thirsty and tired, they drink some tea, smoke a pack of cigarettes and sit for a while. They really feel comfortable. Pu Songling, dressed in shabby clothes, sat there smiling at everyone. When someone thanked him, he asked that person to tell him the stories he heard and the new things he saw in his hometown and travel. Those pedestrians are well informed, and their stories are certainly novel. Pu Songling took out the pen, ink, paper and inkstone prepared in advance and wrote it down while listening. This way. O

At that time, due to strict ideological control, the author could not publicly expose the dark reality, but only used the story of the fairy ghost fox to expose and ridicule the twists and turns to express his loneliness and anger. Therefore, although Bamboo Weng is a legendary novel, it greatly surpasses all its predecessors and contemporaries in the true reflection of real life, especially in breadth and depth. Such as the novels of the Six Dynasties, although they all castigate the cruelty of the ruling class. Reflecting the wishes and sufferings of the working people and exposing the evils of the feudal marriage system are all involved, but from 0755 to 79000, the works touching on this aspect are not only more in number, but also more concentrated in content, reflecting and revealing more profoundly. Just like exposing the cruelty of the ruling class, the length exceeds the sum of all the strange novels of the Six Dynasties, such as Witch Doctor and Tathagata. Among them, the more famous stories are Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio, Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio, Searching for the Gods, Stories from Different Tales, Stories from Qi Xie, etc., all of which are described because of the government's compulsory funding to promote weaving. Through this typical example, the work reveals the social reality of official corruption and points the finger at the emperor. For an emperor's plaything, the people are in trouble. Zhu Zhanji, Emperor Xuanzong of the Ming Dynasty, liked fighting to promote knitting. According to the editor of Lu, Xuanzong was cool in promoting brocade, and sent envoys to Jiangnan, which cost dozens of dollars. And record similar events that happened at that time. Of course, the dream wolf is not a documentary, but a novel with typical significance written on the basis of folk stories. There are also beautiful women who write that Lian offended Yang. A sheep died first, and then bribed a ghost official to kill Lian. Western Union went underground to avenge his father's death. After accepting bribes, the city god, county magistrate and hades tortured Xiping, which truly described the bribery of the feudal government and its cruelty to the people. In addition to exposing the darkness of feudal politics and condemning the crimes of corrupt officials oppressing the people, another important content is to expose the drawbacks of the imperial examination system in feudal society and its poison to intellectuals. Such as Gong, Lu Ling, Cui Meng, Shang Sanguan and Redjade. The works have distinct love and hate, strong life atmosphere and high ideological and artistic achievements. Write about a blind monk. After burning the article to ashes, he can smell it with his nose and laugh at the examiner for being blind. Laugh at those who are obsessed with fame and fortune in the imperial examination. After the exam, Wang Zian was teased by a fox in a drunken dream, thinking that he was a high school student, so he showed off his hometown, insulted his long class and exposed all kinds of ugliness. It vividly depicts a scholar's psychological state of eagerly waiting for the result after taking the imperial examination. His ideological content is also manifested in opposing the shackles of feudal marriage and feudal ethics. Describing the love and marriage life of men and women is another important theme of the book, and it is also the most extensive one in Shi Qingxu. For example, Xiang Gao, Zhi Zhi, Xiao Shi, Zhi Zhi and Xi Fang were equal in the Ming Dynasty. It depicts an innocent image of a girl who is not bound by feudal ethics: beautiful, naive, gentle and affectionate, which gives readers a strong impression. Writers Mu Shimeng and Bai Qiulian fell in love, and they got sick because of poetry. They also read poems to each other to cure diseases. They fell in love and got married. It is written that Huang Sheng fell in love with Yu Xiang, a flower fairy in Bai Mudan, at the Qing Palace at the foot of Laoshan Mountain, and became friends with Jiang Xue, a winter flower. Unfortunately, Yu Xiang was moved away, and Huang Sheng's infatuation touched the flower god and brought Yu Xiang back to life. After Huang Sheng died, he was born beside Yu Xiang and Jiang Xue. Liancheng and Shengqiao oppose the interference of feudal forces in love and marriage, and praise their persistent love of knowing each other and loving each other. There are not only profound ideological contents, but also unique artists.

Mr. Lu Xun once commented that Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio, like other books of the same kind at that time, recorded nothing more than stories of immortals and foxes, but described twists and turns, described the times in an orderly way, and used legendary methods to take strange shapes and present people; Or it's easy to change tones. Don didn't talk about perverts and came out of the magic field to this world. The occasional anecdote is rich and concise, which makes readers feel refreshed. Most of the protagonists in his 1996 works are flower demons and ghost foxes. The author organizes these illusory things in the ghost domain into real life with his rich fantasies. All kinds of fantastic and unpredictable contradictions and conflicts in the works are the reflection of countless realistic contradictions. For example, Si Wenlang wrote from Weng Mengmeng that he saw the official position of his eldest son Jia. When he saw a giant wolf in charge at the door, he entered a door, looked at the upper and lower rooms and saw wolves sitting and sleeping. In my opinion, ch, the bone is like a mountain, which is good for fear. A messenger was called to prepare food, and suddenly a huge wolf brought the body into the room. Weng started to fight and said, Who is this Hu Wei? A: Talk about bubble kitchen. Then the golden warrior came out of the black rope armor. A dive into a tiger with teeth looks like a dream, but it's not real life. In fact, these are the portrayal of social reality. As the author said in the last comment, there are many people who lament that officials in the world are like tigers and wolves. Even if the official is not a tiger, the official will be a wolf, and the situation is better than the tiger! These works only express the author's loneliness and anger and entrust his personal ideals. In addition, Pu Songling creatively inherited the tradition of China's ancient narrative literature and formed an elegant and lively language style, thus breaking through the fair and decent pattern of China's ancient language and greatly enriching the expressive force of the language. Not only that, he is also an outstanding master who is good at creating literary language. He created a large number of vivid and beautiful literary words, which greatly enriched the treasure house of language and art in China. Pu Songling never became an official all his life, which helped him. He persisted in writing until his death at the age of seventy-six, leaving a wealth of works. In addition to disaster relief, there are more than 1000 poems, 100 words and more than 400 essays, as well as slang, scripts, novels and popular daily readers. As the precious heritage of our national culture, these works will always be cherished by people all over the world.