The Historical Changes of jieshi town

About 4000-5000 years ago, ancestors lived in Tianwei Mountain, Jieshi in the late Neolithic Age, and the establishment of Jieshi began in the late Tang Dynasty (AD 820). The Tang court set up Shiqiao saltworks and Shiqiao Tucheng, which were in charge of the salt affairs in Haifeng County (Lufeng had not left Haifeng at that time). Since the Song Dynasty, Jieshi has become an important coastal defense town in Lingnan and East Guangdong, and it is the gateway to Chaozhou and Huizhou. Before analyzing Lufeng in the ninth year of Yongzheng in Qing Dynasty, Jieshi had always belonged to Haifeng County, so the administration changed with the history of Haifeng County. After the separation of Lufeng, Jieshi was transferred to Lufeng, and the administration changed with Lufeng. Therefore, the historical changes of Lufeng can be used as a reference for Jieshi, which is unknown in the long history of Ming Dynasty and Haifeng County.

In the Ming Dynasty, there was a "capital" at the county level, and Shiqiao Tucheng belonged to the "Fangkuo Capital", one of the nine capitals in Haifeng County. In the twenty-second year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (1389), in order to resist the invasion of the southeast coast, the court formally established Jieshiwei (hence the name Jieshi). Because there are many strange stones in the territory, which look like stone tablets, and the ground looks like Jieshi in Shandong (now Jieshishan Town, Qinhuangdao), it was named Jieshi, which means "whole stone". At that time, there were more than 1, 065,438+0,000 people in the country, and in the twenty-seventh year of Hongwu (1, From then on, Jieshi became one of the thirty-six guards in Ming Dynasty (Qing Dynasty) and one of the seven coastal defense towns in Guangdong, and merged with Tianjinwei, Shenyang Wei and Ahava. During the period from Jiajing to Qin Long in Ming Dynasty (about 1560 to 1570), Japanese invaders invaded Jieshi many times. In the thirty-fifth year of Jiajing in Ming Dynasty (1557), people living in Shiqiao field outside the west gate of Acropolis were often burned and plundered by the Japanese, which made the country uneasy. Haifeng county magistrate Zhang Jishi personally inspected Jieshi. In the forty-second year of Jiajing (A.D. 1562), the company commanders said that Judas led the troops to guard Jieshiwei, recruited coastal rebels and strictly trained troops. Therefore, in the 43rd year of Jiajing (A.D. 1563), thousands of Japanese pirates were annihilated in Dade Port (now the harbor where Haifeng and Lufeng meet), which became famous all over the world and made the people. In the third year of Qin Long (1569), in March, Haikou captured Jieshiwei, and in August, it was sentenced to punishment. Hou was the commander-in-chief of Jieshiwei during the Wanli period of Ming Dynasty. On the one hand, he expanded Xuanwu Mountain Temple and publicized Zhu's Neo-Confucianism. On the other hand, he expanded and built the Acropolis, actively prepared for war and resisted the Japanese invaders, which made the society relatively stable and the economy developed new. During the Nanming period, Zhang Mingzhen, the chief company officer of Jieshiwei in the late Ming Dynasty, was blackmailed. Sioux City, one of the seven bandits in Chaohai, was captured and killed instead, so Jieshi was also called "Old Sioux City".

In the first month of the fifth year of Qing Shunzhi (1648), Su Cheng was seriously ill and was replaced by Su Li, an assistant general. At the beginning of the seventh year of Shunzhi (1650), Wang Shangkexi and others led the troops from Nanxiong to Shaozhou, and the company commander Jie Shiwei (who was wooed by Nanming) went to the provincial capital to clear it, but Suri remained intact; In the early Qing Dynasty, in order to prevent coastal people from supporting anti-Qing forces through maritime activities, in June of the 12th year of Shunzhi (1655), coastal provinces were ordered to "not sail into the sea, and offenders were severely punished", and in the 18th year of Shunzhi (16 1), Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian, Guangdong and Shandong were forcibly transferred. Famine spread everywhere, which led to the anti-Qing movement of Jieshi commander Su Li in the third year of Kangxi (1664). People in eastern Guangdong responded in succession, and Su Li was able to assemble hundreds of thousands. Shang Kexi, the king of Pingnan, was stationed in Guangdong and led hundreds of thousands of troops to attack Su Li. Su Li was shot by the Qing army in the war, and his army was defeated. The Qing army then destroyed Jieshi City. The later imperial court believed that Jieshi was the dividing point between east and west of Guangdong, and the gateway of Huizhou and Chaozhou, and its coastal defense was important and its strategic position was irreplaceable. So in the eighth year of Kangxi (1669), a member of the company commander was sent to reset Jieshi Wei and rebuild Jieshi Wei City. Miao Zhixiu, the first general company commander, took office and witnessed the destruction of Mingcheng by the war. In the seventh year of Yongzheng (1729), the imperial court was established, which was composed of coastal defense comrades of Huizhou government, stationed in Jieshi Acropolis, and implemented unified management of military and civilian; In the ninth year of Yongzheng (173 1), the imperial court established a new Lu Fengxian in the east of Haifeng County, with Fan Shi, Fangkuo and Jikang as the boundaries, and Jieshi was incorporated into the territory of Lu Fengxian. In June of the 19th year of Daoguang (1836), on the eve of the First Opium War, Lin Zexu, an imperial envoy, mobilized Jieshi Navy to dispatch troops at the Pearl River Estuary to repel the provocation of British merchant ships in Chuanbiyang. Lin Zexu's handwritten inscription "Shuide Lingchang" was hung in Yuanshan Temple to commend the achievements of Jieshi Navy.

19 1 1 year 10 month 10 after the outbreak of the Xinhai Revolution in Wuhan, 10 year 10 month/day. On the same day, Wu Meng, the general commander of Jieshi in the late Qing Dynasty, said that under the persuasion of the squire, Kaicheng surrendered and was elected as the governor by the rebel forces all over the country, and his family fled to Shanghai on 2 1 night. In the early years of the Republic of China, Jieshi belonged to Lufeng, then to Chaoshan, and then to Dongjiang Administrative Commissioner's Office, Dongjiang Restoration Committee Office, Dongjiang appeasement Office and the Fourth Administrative Supervision Department. After the victory of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, it was attached to the first regional department; 1927165438+1At the beginning of October, the people of Hailufeng launched three uprisings under the leadership of * * *, and on June 5438+065438+1October 8, Peng Pai and Dong Lang tried to destroy Jieshi. 1 1 In the early morning of, more than 3,000 people led by Peng Pai, Dong Lang, and Lin, and red guards from the southeast gathered in Xuanwu Mountain to besiege Jieshi City, and sent a monk named Shun Tak from Xuanwu Mountain into the city to surrender, which was rejected. After a hard struggle, it was not until 190 that it entered Jieshi City. In the 30th year of the Republic of China (194 1), Jieshi District was established. At that time, Jieshi District included modern jieshi town, Hudong Town and Jinxiang Town, which was occupied by Japanese air raid in June of that year. From 31 to 32 years of the Republic of China (1942- 1943), there was a famine in Lu Fengxian. At that time, jieshi town had a total population of 27,000 people,1190 people died, 649 people fled other places, 889 people divorced their wives and sold their children, and 864 families lost their families. There are 423 households in Shajing residential area, with a total population of 2 160, more than 300 people starved to death/kloc-0, and 59 households have no households; There are 297 porters in the town, starving to death 169; In the 34th year of the Republic of China (1945), Jieshi also won the Anti-Japanese War with the surrender of Japanese fascists.

1949165438+1October1Dai, the county magistrate of Haifeng (National Government) who defended Jieshi, surrendered, and the People's Liberation Army entered Jieshi City (and demolished the whole city), announcing the liberation of Lufeng County! But its offshore territory, dongsha islands, is still controlled by the Kuomintang army; 1957, jieshi town is divided into four townships: Jiebei, Jienan, Jinxiang and Hudong. Jieshi District governs jieshi town, Jiebei, Jienan, Hudong and Jinxiang. 1958, the south of the street is removed from the township and the street stone is merged, and the east of the lake is removed from the township to set up a town; Jinxiang 1984 changed the district system, and 1986 set up the town; 1992, the northern boundary was withdrawn from the township and merged into the town, and the administration was no longer owned by the boundary stone. Until1March, 1996, Jiebei Town was merged into Jieshi Town, and Shanwei City agreed to set up Lufeng Jieshi Economic and Technological Experimental Zone, which was established at the sub-county level (200 1 revoked); However, after Jinxiang and Hudong withdrew their villages and merged into towns, the administration did not return to Jieshi; Jieshi was listed as a famous historical and cultural city in Guangdong Province in 1990s. Participated in the planning of central towns in Guangdong Province in 2002; In 2007, it was selected into the list of national famous historical and cultural towns, and at the end of the same year, Xuanwu Mountain Tourist Area was promoted to the national AAAA level tourist area; It is planned to become the only national first-class fishing port in Lufeng City, Shanwei in 2009. In 20 14, it became one of the key towns in China; 1996 merged with Jiebei, forming a modern administrative region of Jieshi. It has jurisdiction over four communities including Ximen, Shishu, Shuichao and Houcheng and 37 administrative villages: Chengnan Village, Beicheng Village, Hongwei Village, Baoyi Village, Bao 'er Village, Shallow Sea Village, Raoxin Village, xinfeng village Village, Qiandui Village, Tiantouyuan Village, Yinghai Village, Xuzai Village, Zaobei Village, Jiaoqing Village, Hongpo Village, Qian 'ao Village and so on. Jiaoxiban Village, Zengcuo Village, Xia Bo Village, Meitian Village, Gangkou Village, Xinbu Village and Daicuo Village have successively developed and built new urban areas with an area of nearly 12 square kilometers, such as Beiyuan, Beidou, Jinshi, Yuyan and Xuanwu Commercial City.