Give a brief introduction to Qin Gui's life?

Born in the fifth year of Emperor Zhezong Yuanyou (1090) and died in the twenty-fifth year of Emperor Gaozong Shaoxing (1 155), Jiangning (now Nanjing) was born.

Song Huizong was a professor in Buzhou (now Zhucheng, Shandong Province) for five years (115), and once served as the prefect of imperial academy. At the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, he served as an imperial envoy and was captured by the Jin people together with Song Huizong and Qin Zong. After returning to the south, he served as a minister of rites and two prime ministers, and was in power for 19 years.

all one's life

Qin Gui was born in a small and medium-sized landlord family. His father was an official in Guxian (now Yongfu County, Guangxi), but he was only a small official in the ruling class of the Song Dynasty. Qin Gui lived in such an environment, and he could not make rapid progress, so he became a rural teacher. He was not satisfied with this job, and even complained, saying, "If you get 300 acres of paddy fields, you will not be the king of lynx." His requirements are not high. As long as there are hundreds of acres of fertile land, he will no longer be a "boy scout" or a "king of the children", and he will no longer be self-sufficient by beam farming. But since he became a scholar, he has soared.

In the first year of Jingkang (1 126), the Nomads attacked Bianjing (now Kaifeng, Henan) and demanded that Song Huizong cede Taiyuan, Zhongshan (now Dingxian, Hebei) and Hejian. At this time, Qin Gui, a member of the Staff Committee, put forward four more important opinions. First, the Jin people are insatiable and can only give the land to Yanshan all the way; Second, the Jin people are cunning, so they should strengthen their defense and not relax; Third, they called hundreds of officials to discuss in detail and chose the correct opinions to write in the alliance book; Fourth, put them outside to prevent them from entering the court. At that time, they had to cede their land if they wanted not to fight. In the Southern Song Dynasty, Qin Gui and Li Cheng were sent to negotiate with the Jin people. Qin Gui still insisted on the above opinions in the negotiation, so he was promoted to the position of the ancient scholar in palace examination. Later, the rulers of the Jin Dynasty "insisted on the land, otherwise, they invaded Bianjing". During the discussion, 70 people, including Fan Zongyin, agreed to cede land, while 36 people, including Qin Gui, thought it was impossible.

In Song Huizong, after Qin Zong was captured, the Nuzhen nobles asked the legacies of the Song Dynasty to push Zhang Bangchang as a puppet, but Qin Gui opposed it. He believes that Zhang Bangchang used to cling to powerful people and did things that were detrimental to national interests. But in the Song Dynasty, the country was in danger and the people were miserable. Although this is not caused by one person, Zhang Bangchang cannot shirk its responsibility. In this respect, the people hate him as much as their enemies. If we give him territory and let him dominate the people, then all heroes in the world will unite to attack him, and Zhang Bangchang will not be an important minister of Daikin in the end. Zhang Bangchang must be made emperor. "Then people in the capital can serve, but people in the world can't. The son of the capital can be destroyed, and the son of the world can't be destroyed.". Judging from Qin Gui's views on Kim Jong Il, his views on land division and his opposition to making Zhang Bangchang emperor, we haven't found any signs of surrender yet. His official position is mentioned in the history of the empire, and his authority is quite heavy.

In the second year of Jingkang (1 127), Jin people arrested his wife Wang and his entourage on the grounds of opposition. At this time, Song Huizong learned that Zhao Gou and Kang Wang acceded to the throne, and sent a letter, concluding a peace agreement, and demanding that the peace agreement be revised and polished. Qin Gui also bribed Mohan with generous gifts, and Jin Taizong gave Qin Gui to his younger brother. From then on, Qin Gui followed Tart Lazy step by step and gradually became his cronies.

Four years after the proposal was made (1 130), Jinjiang took the lead in attacking Yang Shan, an important town in Huaibei (Chuzhou, now Huai 'an, Jiangsu), and ordered Qin Gui to go out with it. Why did Qin Gui go with him? Judging from the strategy of being lazy, only by inducing peace talks and colluding inside and outside can the Southern Song Dynasty perish. This "inside story" only exists in Qin Gui. Qin Gui's face of selling herself to the Nuzhen nobles was not completely exposed in the ruling and opposition circles in the Southern Song Dynasty, so the rulers of the Jin Dynasty took Qin Gui as a suitable candidate. Therefore, before going south, I discussed it with my wife Wang and made a dramatic performance. Wang deliberately shouted, "My father will marry me to you. At that time, he had a wealth of 0.2 million/200 thousand, and he wanted you and me to share joys and sorrows. Now that Dajin Kingdom trusts you, you will leave me on the road. " Arguing endlessly. The lazy woman, a car full of women, invited Wang to find out at home. Wang told the whole story. The female conductor told me to be lazy, and she also told Wang and his entourage to follow him south. After the fall of Yangshan City, nomads from the army entered the city one after another. People boarded the ship and went to Lianshui (now Lianshui, Jiangsu). They were caught by Ding Si, commander of the Southern Song Dynasty Water Village, and wanted to kill them. Qin Gui said; "I am the laurel in the suggestion. If there are scholars here, you should know my name. " There was a wine seller named Wang Xiucai. He never knew Qin Gui, but pretended to know Qin Gui. As soon as he saw it, he made a big bow and said, "Zhong Cheng has worked hard, and it is not easy to come back." Because Wang Xiucai knew Qin Gui, he didn't kill him, but treated him politely. Later, they were sent to Lin 'an (now Hangzhou, Zhejiang).

When Qin Gui returned to the south, he claimed to have killed the nomads from watching them and snatched the boat. The courtiers immediately put forward a series of questions; Sun Fu, Su He and SiMaPu were captured with Qin Gui. Why only Qin Gui came back alone? From Yanshan mansion (now southwest of Beijing) to the second trunk of Chuzhou, it is 800 miles to climb mountains and wade. Can't you kill the guards and go back to the south regardless of the wind? Even if Kim follows the lazy army and intentionally indulges him, he will take his family hostage. Why can he go south with Wang? Only his close friends, Prime Minister Fan Zongyin and Li Hui defended him and strongly recommended his loyalty to Zhao. However, doubts have not been completely eliminated.

According to the History of Jin Dynasty, in the second year of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty (12 14), China calligrapher Sun Dading wrote a letter recalling that Qin Gui was sent back to the Southern Song Dynasty by the Jurchen nobles, saying that in the eighth year of Emperor Taizong (1 130), his ministers gathered in Liulin, Heilongjiang. It's hard to make the Southern Song people give in, so it's better to indulge in secrets. In another record, Jin ministers considered the revenge of the Southern Song Dynasty and discussed Qin Gui's indulgence in returning to China. King Lu said that only by letting Song Chen go back first can he "come with me". Zhongjun said that this matter has been brewing in my heart for three years. Only one Qin Gui is available. I like this man. On the surface, he refused, but in his heart, he was often "obedient". Qin Gui has always advocated the policy of "people from the south return to the south and people from the north return to the north". If he can be released to the Southern Song Dynasty today, he will be determined. In this way, the Jin people decided to release them to the south. As expected, Qin Gui returned to Lin 'an, argued, secretly occupied the country, monopolized the whole country, and slaughtered the generals who resisted gold. Since then, the confrontation between the north and the south has basically taken shape.

The Biography of Qin Gui in the History of Song Dynasty records that although the Southern Song government sent representatives to negotiate with the rulers many times, it still focused on defending and negotiating peace. It actually started with Qin Gui settling accounts with the Jin people. Because Qin Gui advocated peace talks when he was in the rulers, he became the agent of Jurchen nobles after he returned to the south.

After Qin Gui returned to the south, his first "gift" to Zhao Gou was that if nothing happened in the world, southerners would return to the north. The army and generals in the Southern Song Dynasty were mainly composed of people from the northwest, Hebei and Shandong. According to Cha Yan's idea of "northerners return to the north", it is equivalent to giving all the land in the north to the Jurchen nobles, and a large number of northerners who refused to pay the gold people have to return to the rule of the Jin people: this is equivalent to destroying the Great Wall and disarming themselves in the Southern Song Dynasty, indicating that they gave up their armed resistance to the Jin people. The second "gift" that Qin Gui presented to Zhao Gou was that he first presented a "peace book" to the military aristocrats of Nuzhen. Zhao Gou felt that Qin Gui was "loyal to others" and couldn't sleep for joy, saying that "another scholar has been admitted". Qin Gui was highly appreciated by Zhao Gou and soon became the prime minister. After the strike, he waited for a chance to make a comeback and signed a peace treaty with Xu Jin.

Qin Gui put two "gifts" in front of Zhao Gou, which made him very worried and "unable to sleep". He had to consider that Qin Gui said that "southerners belong to the south and northerners belong to the north". I'm from the north. Where should I go? Qin Gui also said that there were "two strategies", that is, the people from Hebei returned to Xu Jin, and the people from the Central Plains were given to Liu Yu (he was a puppet fostered by the pension rulers in the early Southern Song Dynasty). When he became prime minister for a few months, these "two strategies" could stir the world. Zhao Gou said that he had not heard any shocking news. Minister Yun Chongli conveyed these meanings to Zhao Gou inside and outside the courtroom. From then on, people began to realize Qin Gui's treachery. Qin Gui's claim aroused strong dissatisfaction among the ruling and opposition parties. Zhao Gou had to resign as Prime Minister of Qin Gui because of his own interests and the anti-Japanese faction and people's opposition to gold and peace at home. It was later confirmed that the envoys sent by the rulers to the Southern Song Dynasty demanded the return of all northerners, which coincided with Qin Gui's proposal that "northerners should belong to the North". People of insight further realized that this was the result of collusion with Jin people, and their faces were clearly seen.

His policy of peaceful surrender was difficult to realize for a while, so he had to endure temporary setbacks, wait and see the changes in the political situation in Song and Jin Dynasties, and wait for an opportunity to make a comeback. Shaoxing five years (1 135), died of laziness. In the eighth year of Shaoxing (1 138), Zhao Gou took Qin Gui as its phase. Yan Dunfu, the official department minister, said with anxiety that Qin Gui was a "traitor". But because Tartin Raz is an old master of Qin Gui, the old master advocates using the strategy of surrender and peace to make Zhao Gou take the bait. Qin Gui, Zhao Gou and Tart Lazy colluded inside and outside, so they were worried about the Southern Song Dynasty.

Qin Gui saw that the situation in Song and Jin Dynasties was developing in a direction favorable to his policy of begging for surrender, and thought it was an opportunity. So on the eve of the Song-Jin negotiations, Zhao Gou was repeatedly tested and tested with the help of the agent of the Jurchen nobles, which strengthened his confidence in peace and his position of surrender. After the ministers of the Southern Song Dynasty appeared in front of Zhao Gou, only Qin Gui left a performance. Please watch the wonderful dialogue between the bad king and the traitor. Qin Gui said: "Courtiers are timid about peace talks. They are at the two ends of the coin, so they can't decide major events. If your majesty is determined to make peace, please discuss it with me, and don't let the minister interfere. " Zhao Gou said, "I only appoint you to preside." Qin Gui said, "I'm afraid some inconvenience. I hope your majesty will seriously consider it for three days and allow me to report to you again. " After three days, he stayed to play. Zhao's idea of making peace was firm, but he thought it was not ready. He said: "I'm afraid there are still some inconveniences in other aspects. I want to ask your majesty to think it over for another three days and let me give you another report. " Zhao Gou said, "All right!" Three days later, Qin Gui, like at the beginning, stayed alone with Zhao Gou to play. He clearly realized that Zhao Gou was really determined to make peace, so he took out a draft to make peace with Kim Jong Il and still claimed that his ministers were not allowed to interfere.