Who can give me a lesson plan about Zhu Yuanzhang's history? Thank you~

Zhu Yuanzhang (Gregorian calendar 1328,10,21-1398, June 24th), Guo Rui, was the founding emperor of the Ming Dynasty. Zhu Yuanzhang, formerly known as Zhu Chongba, was born on the eighth day of August, hence the name Chongba.

Ming Taizu Zhu Yuanzhang

Ming Taizu Zhu Yuanzhang

Zhu Xingzong, father (formerly known as Zhu) and mother Chen. In the Ming Dynasty, Xu Zhenqing quoted Zhu Yuanzhang's own inscription on Zhu Shide Monument, and recorded that Zhu Yuanzhang, Zhu's relatives, and Jurong, Jinling, lived in Tongde Township. His place is in today's Nanjing, Jiangsu, and Zhu Yuanzhang's generations have made a living from agriculture.

According to records, Zhu Yuanzhang's fifth ancestor was Zhu Zhongba. He married Chen and gave birth to three boys. The eldest brother is Zhu 62, the second is Zhu 12, and the youngest is Zhu 16. Zhu is Zhu Yuanzhang's great-grandfather and the fourth ancestor. Later, great-grandfather Zhu married Hu and gave birth to two sons, the eldest son Zhu Siwu and the second son Zhu. This Zhu is Zhu Yuanzhang's great grandfather. Later, great-grandfather Zhu married Hou Shi and gave birth to four children, namely, Grade One, Grade Two, Grade Five and Grade Ten. This Zhu Chuyi is Zhu Yuanzhang's grandfather. To Zhu Chu's generation, he married Wang and had two sons, named May 1st and May 4th respectively. Zhu is the father of Zhu Yuanzhang. [5]

"Ming Taizu's Record Volume I" said: "Heaven created a great sage, and Wu Junde, the god of benevolence and righteousness, succeeded him as emperor. He was awarded to his descendants first in Zhuan Xu and then in Zhou Wuwang. In the Spring and Autumn Period, Zhu's descendants entered the city and lived in Peiguo township (now Huaibei City, Anhui Province).

Zhu Yuanzhang's family background

Zhu Yuanzhang's family background

)。 "Zhu Yuanzhang was born on September 18th, the first year of Yuan Wenzong (1328,10,21,at the end of the calendar). He was born in a poor peasant family in Zhongli, Haozhou (now Fengyang, Anhui), ranking fourth and my brother eighth. He grew up poor, his parents and brothers died of the plague, and then he entered the temple of Huang Jue.

Zhu Yuanzhang was born in a poor peasant family. 1328+00, 2 1 was born in Dongxiang, Zhongli County, Haozhou (now Randeng Temple Village, Xiaoxihe Town, Fengyang County, Anhui Province). His childhood was very difficult. His father, grandfather, great-grandfather, and other generations are tax payers, hiding debts everywhere in the Huaihe River basin, trying to find a place to be a tenant farmer, so that they can live a well-fed life in this arid and epidemic-ridden land. He is the youngest of his parents' four surviving sons and two daughters. Except the oldest child, all the other children have been given away or married, because the family can't afford it.

Anti-Yuan struggle

At the end of the Yuan Dynasty, more than 50 years after the demise of the Southern Song Dynasty, political corruption, ethnic contradictions and class contradictions became increasingly acute and intensified, and conflicts were imminent. Coupled with frequent natural disasters, poor farmers who want to survive and change the status quo have no choice but to fight their way out. When the hero raised his arm, the responders gathered everywhere. In May of this year, Han He revolted in Yingzhou (now Fuyang City, Anhui Province), and the soldiers all wore red scarves, which was called the "Red Scarf Army" in history. So, Xu Shouhui rose up in (now southwest of Qichun, Hubei), and Li Er, Zhao and Zhao all rose up in Xuzhou. Within a few months, all localities responded in succession, forming a monstrous trend. In the second year, that is, in the 12th year of Zheng Zheng (1352), on the 11th day of the first month, Guo Zixing, a local tyrant in Dingyuan (now Dingyuan, Anhui), joined forces with Sun Deya and others to ambush in Dingyuan and Zhongli, and tens of thousands of people rose up and responded. Guo Zixing gathered people to burn incense and became the leader of the local White Lotus Sect. On February 27th, after the insurgents captured Haozhou, Guo Zixing claimed to be Marshal. Subsequently, according to Haozhou (now Fengyang, Anhui), Guo Zixing insisted and made it clear. [6-7]

By the 1930s of 14, the Huaihe River region had become the cradle of the Red Scarf Army rebellion, and its Messiah doctrine attracted more and more people's support. Young Zhu Yuanzhang's grandfather is a fortune teller and a veteran of the Han army who resisted the final conquest of Mongolia in the 1970s. His ears are full of wonderful stories about magical events and advanced adventures. These are the environments in which Zhu Yuanzhang grew up as a child. 1344, when Zhu Yuanzhang 16 years old, during the three weeks from May to June, most of his family members-his father, mother and married eldest brother who still lived at home-were killed with the plague of locusts and drought in summer. His eldest sister-in-law, youngest son and another divorced brother are the only survivors besides him. Those who survived were too poor to bury their dead relatives, let alone raise Zhu Yuanzhang. 10 At the end of June, he was sent to a nearby Buddhist temple as a boy and a handyman to fulfill his father's wish when his child was ill. At the same time, he also grew up and became a tall and strong young man. His distinctive feature is that his face is covered with wrinkles and pockmarks, and his chin is prominent. This strange appearance is daunting and seems to indicate the extraordinary quality of the future. [8-9]

Join the rebels

Meng Yuan divided the people of the whole country into four classes: Mongolians are the first class, Semu people are the second class, and northerners (people living in the former Jin Dynasty) and southerners are the third and fourth classes. Mongolians can enjoy all the property of Han people and other nationalities without labor, and killing a southerner only costs a donkey. Northerners have a slightly higher status. Han people can't even have a surname, only the date of birth, can't have weapons, and even a kitchen knife needs to be shared by several families. With heavy taxes and constant famine, ordinary people are struggling on the brink of death.

Zhu Yuanzhang portrait

Portrait of Zhu Yuanzhang (1 1)

1343, there was a drought in Haozhou. Unexpectedly, there was a serious locust plague the next spring, and the crops were eaten clean by locusts. It never rains but it pours, and then the plague happened. At that time, every household died, and a village died a dozen or even dozens of people a day.

Soon, Zhu Yuanzhang's family was also infected with the plague. In less than half a month, his 64-year-old father, eldest brother and mother Chen passed away one after another. Zhu Yuanzhang and his second brother watched their relatives die one by one, and they had no money to buy coffins at home, and there was not even a place to bury their relatives. Alas, Zhu Shizhen has worked hard all his life. He has no place to live and no place to die. Zhu Yuanzhang and his second brother cried bitterly and alarmed their neighbor Liu Jizu, so their stepfather gave them a cemetery. The two brothers finally found some rags to wrap the body and buried their parents on the land of the Liu family. Thirty-five years later, Zhu Yuanzhang recalled this incident, and it was still difficult to restrain his grief. He wrote in "Tombstone": "There is no coffin in the funeral, and the body is ugly, and the ground is three feet. What food is there!" In less than half a month, the harmonious and warm home of the past no longer exists.

Zhu Yuanzhang, Ma Huanghou

Zhu Yuanzhang, Ma Huanghou

The love of parents is gone forever. The pain of bereavement deeply affected Zhu Yuanzhang's mental state, making him seem to have fallen into a bottomless abyss. At this time, in order to survive, Zhu Yuanzhang and his second brother, sister-in-law and nephew were forced to split up and flee.

Zhu Yuanzhang was really desperate. He thought of the Huang Jue Temple where he made a wish to give his life as a child, so he went to the monk Gao Bin, where he was shaved and became a boy. He sweeps the floor, burns incense, rings bells and drums, cooks and washes clothes in the temple every day. He is busy all day and is sometimes scolded by the old monk. As time went on, Zhu Yuanzhang suppressed his anger. One day, when he was sweeping the floor, he tripped over Galand's seat and hit Galand's broom. On another occasion, the old monk saw that the candle in the hall was bitten by a mouse and reprimanded Zhu Yuanzhang in public. Zhu Yuanzhang thought, Galand can't even control what is in front of him. How can he manage the palace? To make matters worse, I was scolded, and the more I thought about it, the more angry I became. So, Zhu Yuanzhang found a pen and wrote the words "send three thousand miles" behind Guanlan God. All these show that Zhu Yuanzhang is unwilling to be oppressed. However, soon after Zhu Yuanzhang became a boy, the monks in the temple did not have enough food and there were no charities in the temple. Therefore, the master Gao Bin had to break the porridge and let the monks go to alms. In this way, Zhu Yuanzhang was just a 50-day-old boy. He couldn't recite scriptures or do Buddhism, so he had no choice but to dress up as a monk and leave the temple to wander. At this time, Zhu Yuanzhang was 17 years old.

The Image of Zhu Yuanzhang in Hu Jun's Works

Hu Jun Zhu Yuanzhang statue (12 photos)

Zhu Yuanzhang begged as he walked. He was told that he would go anywhere as long as the years were good. He went south from Haozhou to Hefei, then turned west into Henan, arrived in Gushi and Xinyang, went north to Ruzhou and Chen Zhou, and returned to Huang Jue Temple at 1348. During the three years of wandering, he traveled all over the famous cities in the west of Huai River, got in touch with the local customs, saw the world, broadened his horizons and accumulated social life experience. Hard vagrancy made Zhu Yuanzhang resolute and brave, but it also made him cruel and suspicious. This period of life had a profound impact on Zhu Yuanzhang's life.

Zhu Yuanzhang's three years abroad was also a period of surging peasant uprisings at the end of Yuan Dynasty. There is a saying in the society that "when Wang Ming was born, all beings were blessed", and Anbaili religion in the north is also carrying out the same propaganda. Zhu Yuanzhang was also exposed to such propaganda when he was wandering. He witnessed the deterioration of people's lives and realized that chaos would come soon. So after Zhu Yuanzhang returned to the ancestral temple, he worked hard, made friends and prepared to do something.

135 1 year, Han He led an uprising in Yingzhou (now Fuyang, Anhui) and elected Han as the Ming king. In August of the same year, Peng Yingyu and Xu Shouhui revolted in Qishui (now Xishui, Hubei). These insurgents wrapped their heads in red scarves, so they were called the Red Scarf Army. 1352, Guo Zixing and Sun Deya revolted in Haozhou.

When Zhu Yuanzhang heard the news of the uprising, he couldn't help thinking that if he had been in the temple, he might be taken away by Yuan's cronies at any time, and his life would be in jeopardy. At this moment, Zhu Yuanzhang received a letter from his childhood partner Tang He, in which Tang He invited Zhu Yuanzhang to join the uprising army in Guo Zixing. Just then, Zhu Yuanzhang's younger brother secretly told him that someone knew the letter and was going to tell on it. So Zhu Yuanzhang put down his job and went to the Red Scarf Army in Guo Zixing. This year, Zhu Yuanzhang was 25 years old.

The road of growth

After joining the army, Zhu Yuanzhang was quickly appreciated by Guo Zixing for his bravery, resourcefulness and mastery of pen and ink. So Guo Zixing transferred Zhu Yuanzhang to Shuaifu as a policeman and appointed him as the nine captains of Qin Bing. Zhu Yuanzhang was clever and capable, and took the lead in the war. All the spoils he got were given to Marshal Guo Zixing, and he was rewarded. He said that the credit belongs to everyone, so he gave the reward to everyone. Soon, Zhu Yuanzhang's good reputation spread in the army. Guo Zixing also regarded him as a confidant and often discussed important matters with Zhu Yuanzhang. At that time, Guo Zixing had an adopted daughter named Ma Xiuying (later Ma Huanghou Bigfoot), who was his best friend.

Yan Kuan version of Zhu Yuanzhang (Red Scarf Army)

Yan Kuan Version of Zhu Yuanzhang (Red Scarf Army) (6 pieces)

Men and women. After Ma Gong died, his youngest daughter was adopted by Guo Zixing. At this time, Guo Zixing saw that Zhu Yuanzhang was a talented person, which was of great help to his career. So he married Ma Shi, a 2 1 year-old adopted daughter, to Zhu Yuanzhang and changed her name to Zhu Gongzi in the army. With identity, you can't use the previous posthumous title to emphasize eight, so you have another official name, and the word "Zhu" (Zhu, for "Zhu", Yuan, refers to the Yuan Dynasty, Zhang, a sharp jade).

At that time, in Haozhou, there were five marshals in the Red Scarf Army. There are many contradictions between Guo Zixing School, Sun Deya and three other marshal schools. In September this year, Sesame Li, commander-in-chief of Xuzhou Red Scarf Army, was killed by Yuan Army. Peng Da and Zhao Junyong led the troops to Haozhou. Peng Da became friends with Guo Zixing, while Sun Deya and others showed kindness to Zhao Junyong. Egged on by Sun Deya, Zhao Junyong kidnapped Guo Zixing and beat Guo Zixing to the bamboo slips, preparing to assassinate Guo Zixing. With the support of Peng Da, Zhu Yuanzhang led his army to save Guo Zixing. Since then, the two factions have become even more deadly.

Zhu Yuanzhang saw that the generals in Haozhou were fighting for power and profit, and there were many contradictions. He is determined to create a new situation on his own. In the 13th year of Zheng Zhi (AD 1353), Zhu Yuanzhang returned to his hometown to recruit soldiers. His boyhood friends, Xu Da, Zhou Dexing and Guo Ying, acquaintances in the same village and neighboring villages, heard that Zhu Yuanzhang had become the leader of the Red Scarf Army and all came to defect. So Zhu Yuanzhang quickly recruited more than 700 people and returned to Haozhou. Guo Zixing was very happy, so he promoted Zhu Yuanzhang to be the comforter of the town.

This winter, Peng Gan, his son, called himself King Lu Huai and King Yong Yi, and he was still a marshal. Zhu Yuanzhang saw that these people had not been in Haozhou for half a year, so he chose 24 confidants, including Xu Da and Tanghe, from his own recruits to leave Haozhou and stay in the south. On the way to Dingyuan in the south, Zhu Yuanzhang first recruited 3000 militiamen from Donkey Village in Zhangjiabao, and then recruited 800 people with clear noses and eyes. Command this team, Zhu Yuanzhang eastward, night break Dingyuan Hengduan mountain yuan army camp, marshal Miao tycoon surrendered. Zhu Yuanzhang selected 20,000 able-bodied Han people from the army to join his own team and went south to Chuzhou (now Chuzhou City, Anhui Province).

Li Shanchang, a celebrity in Dingyuan, is on his way to the south of Chuzhou, and asks for an audience at Yunmen. Li Shanchang and Zhu Yuanzhang hit it off at first sight, and Li Shanchang took Liu Bang, the Emperor Gaozu of Han Dynasty, as an example to persuade Zhu Yuanzhang that as long as he followed Liu Bang's example, he would repay kindness and not kill people indiscriminately, he would soon be able to pacify the world. Zhu Yuanzhang thought it was reasonable, so he left Li Shanchang as the shogunate minister and asked Li Shanchang to coordinate the relationship between generals and start a great cause.

Zhu Yuanzhang quickly occupied Chuzhou, and his nephew Zheng Wen and his brother-in-law Li Zhen came to take refuge in his nephew Bauer (later named Wenzhong). From their mouth, Zhu Yuanzhang learned sadly that his second brother, third brother and third sister were all dead. At that time, there was an orphan Mu Ying in Dingyuan, who was very poor. Therefore, Zhu Yuanzhang took these three children as adopted sons and changed their surnames to Zhu. Later, Zhu Yuanzhang adopted more than 20 semes.

When Zhu Yuanzhang attacked Chuzhou, Guo Zixing was excluded by Zhao Junyong, Sun Deya and others. Therefore, not long after Zhu Yuanzhang captured Chuzhou, Guo Zixing also came to Chuzhou. Zhu Yuanzhang immediately handed over the relieving, and the team of thirty thousand people was disciplined and clean. Guo Zixing was very happy to see it.

1355, Zhu Yuanzhang conquered Hezhou in one fell swoop. News came that Guo Zixing immediately appointed Zhu Yuanzhang as the company commander, guarding Yuzhou. On one occasion, Zhu Yuanzhang went out and saw a child crying. Zhu Yuanzhang asked him why he was crying and replied that he was waiting for his father. After careful inquiry, Zhu Yuanzhang learned that the child's father and mother were both in the military camp, and the father raised horses in the military camp. Mother and father dare not recognize each other, so they have to call each other brothers. Zhu Yuanzhang realized that there were problems in the military discipline. After they breached the city, they disturbed the people and robbed women. If this situation continues, the army will lose the hearts of the people. Therefore, Zhu Yuanzhang summoned generals, affirmed discipline, ordered married women in the army to return to the army and reunited many separated couples in the city. This matter was widely circulated and Zhu Yuanzhang won the hearts of the people.

This year, he died of illness and appointed his son Guo Tianxu as the viceroy, his wife and brother as the deputy viceroy, and Zhu Yuanzhang as the deputy viceroy. Nominally, Marshal Du is the head of the army, and the position of the right deputy marshal is higher than that of the left deputy marshal. But most of the troops in Chuzhou and Hezhou were recruited by Zhu Yuanzhang, and Zhu Yuanzhang was more courageous and talented than Guo Tianxu and Zhang Tianyou. So Zhu Yuanzhang actually became the coach of this team.

Zoroastrian helmsman

Before Zhu Yuanzhang proclaimed himself emperor, he was stationed in western Zhejiang for six years (Wu Han wrote "Treasure House of Zoroastrianism in Western Zhejiang"). With the help of the commander of the Secret Zoroastrianism centered on Fushan (Baishan, Huizhou), he pursued the strategy of "building high walls, accumulating grain, and slowly becoming king" put forward by Zhu Sheng, a counselor in Huizhou, and expanded his strength quickly and secretly, with the original "Nine Palaces and Eight Diagrams" here. Building a high wall means strengthening military preparations and consolidating the rear; Wide grain accumulation refers to developing economic production, storing grain and enhancing economic strength; To be king slowly means not to be king too early, so as not to make too many enemies, because at this time our strength is very weak and we are among several warlords. These three suggestions are of great strategic vision and are the guiding ideology of Zhu Yuanzhang's early development.

Decisive strategy

After Zhu Yuanzhang was stationed in Hezhou for several months, food supply became a problem. Opposite Hezhou are Taiping (now Dangtu, Anhui) and Wuhu, which are close to the south bank of the Yangtze River. They are rich in rice, but there are no boats, so they can only sigh at Wangjiang. At this time, it happened that the Chaohu water army of the two Red Scarf Army came to join the party, and Zhu Yuanzhang personally handled the merger. In July, more than a thousand warships of Chaohu Water Army broke through the blockade of Yuan Army and arrived in Hezhou. Zhu Yuanzhang's infantry troops boarded the ship of Chaohu Water Army and crossed the Yangtze River from Hezhou to the east. On the other side of the quarry, Chang Yuchun took the lead, led the army to kill, conquered the quarry and gained a lot of food. Soldiers want to take food and trophies home and enjoy them slowly. Seeing this, Zhu Yuanzhang decisively ordered people to cut off the ship's cable, let the ship go down the river and cut off the retreat. When the soldiers saw no way back, they rallied and conquered Taiping under the guidance of Zhu Yuanzhang. Entering Taiping, Zhu Yuanzhang reiterated military discipline and prohibited looting. Some soldiers violated the ban and were immediately executed. Therefore, Zhu Yuanzhang's army was supported by the local people. Zhu Yuanzhang then set up the Taiping Marshal House and Xingguo Wing, calling himself Marshal, and appointed Li Shanchang as Shuaifu. In this way, Zhu Yuanzhang began to stabilize the base areas.

In the 16th year of Zheng Zhi (A.D. 1356), in March, Zhang Shicheng launched an attack in the Yangtze River Delta to attack the Yuan Army in the south of the Yangtze River. Taking this opportunity, Zhu Yuanzhang personally commanded the amphibious army and attacked Qing Ji (now Nanjing, Jiangsu) for the third time. On the third day, the military camp outside Chen Zhaoxian was breached, and his 36,000 people defected to Zhu Yuanzhang. But Zhu Yuanzhang saw that he had doubts about surrender and his morale was uncertain. So Zhu Yuanzhang chose 500 warriors from the army to be Qinbing, guarding them at night, leaving Feng alone.

The next day, the army was very moved when they learned about it, and all doubts vanished. They are willing to follow Zhu Yuanzhang in farmland. As a result, the war went very smoothly. In less than ten days, Zhu Yuanzhang captured the celebration banquet.

After Zhu Yuanzhang entered the city, he ordered to appease the people and change the celebration to Yingtianfu. After Wang Xiaoming and Han Liner were reported, Zhu Yuanzhang was promoted to the Privy Council, and was soon promoted to the provincial chapter in Jiangnan and other places. Zhu Yuanzhang set up the Grand Marshal's Office of Star Health Instrument in Yingtian, with Liao as the commander in chief and Li Shanchang as the left and right doctors.

Zhu Yuanzhang Meng Hanliang seal cutting

Zhu Yuanzhang Meng Seal Carving [10]

At this time, although Zhu Yuanzhang had an army of 100,000 troops, his momentum was much larger than in the past, but his territory was still small and he was attacked on all sides. Yuan Army is in the east and south, Zhang Shicheng is in the southeast and Xu Shouhui is in the west. Although Zhang and Xu are both anti-yuan armed forces, they are hostile to both. However, the main forces of the Red Scarf Army headed by Wang Xiaoming and Liu Futong in the north greatly contained the Yuan Army, and the strength of Zhang Shicheng and Xu Shouhui was not enough to annex Zhu Yuanzhang. In this way, Zhu Yuanzhang has no enemies that he can't cope with for the time being, and faces good development opportunities.

After Zhu Yuanzhang completed the deployment of "building a high wall", he began to implement "wide grain accumulation". The early solution to military commissariat mainly depended on compulsory requisition, that is, requisition of "village commissariat". But in the long run, the army will become a purely destructive force and lose people's hearts. In order to solve the food problem, Zhu Yuanzhang, in addition to mobilizing the people for production, decided to implement the reclamation law and vigorously carry out army reclamation, appointed Marshal Kang Maocai as the water conservancy ambassador, responsible for building water conservancy projects, and appointed generals to reclaim farmland in various places. In the past few years, villages have been built all over the country, and the national treasury is full and the rations are sufficient. 1360, Zhu Yuanzhang ordered that "village grain" would no longer be levied to reduce the burden on farmers. In order to accumulate grain, Zhu Yuanzhang banned alcohol, but Hu Sanshe, the son of his general Hu Dahai, broke the law with others and made profits by making wine privately. After Zhu Yuanzhang knew it, he ordered Hu Sanshe to be killed. Hu Dahai was advised to attack Shaoxing at this time, hoping that Zhu Yuanzhang would spare Hu Sanshe for Hu Dahai's sake. Zhu Yuanzhang, who enforced the law like a mountain, was furious and resolutely punished, so he personally killed Hu Sanshe.

While winning the hearts and minds of the people, Zhu Yuanzhang constantly recruited talents, especially the intellectuals of the landlord class. Zhu Yuanzhang also specially built the Lixian Pavilion in Yingtian to receive them. These people played an important role in the process of Zhu Yuanzhang's unification, such as Li Shanchang and Zhu Sheng. Zhu Yuanzhang has great respect for Confucian scholars. 1358, he summoned the Confucian scholar Tang (i.e.) and asked Emperor Gaozu, Emperor Guangwu, Emperor Taizong and He how to pacify the world, which also showed Zhu Yuanzhang's determination to create a new feudal dynasty.

Eliminate separatist forces

Zhu Yuanzhang established a base area centered on Yingtian, with Chen Youliang in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, Zhang Shicheng in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, Fang Guozhen in the southeast and Chen Youding in the south. Fang Guozhen and Chen Youding's goal is to protect the territory, while Zhang Shicheng has no ambition for the first mouse in the Yuan Dynasty. The strongest in Chen Youliang is Zhu Yuanzhang.

Battle of Poyang Lake

Battle of Poyang Lake

Dealing with the most dangerous enemy that Tianhou met.

Chen Youliang was a subordinate of general Ni Wenjun of Xu Shouhui. Later, he killed Ni Wenjun. In 1360, he took Xu Shouhui hostage and captured Taiping and Quarrying. So Chen Youliang thought that Heaven was at his fingertips, so he killed Xu Shouhui and proclaimed himself emperor in quarrying, which changed the country's sense of justice.

Then Chen Youliang attacked Zhang Shicheng from east to west and divided Zhu Yuanzhang's territory equally. It was a big earthquake. Zhu Yuanzhang had to convene all the people to discuss countermeasures, and there were different opinions at one time. Only Liu Ji was silent, and Zhu Yuanzhang knew that Liu Ji had a proposition and asked his advice. Liu Ji believes that the most dangerous enemy at present is Chen Youliang, and we must concentrate on destroying him. Although Chen Youliang is powerful, it is not difficult to defeat him, because he killed the king and left home on his own, and the people were exhausted. As long as he waits for them to go deep and then ambush him, it is not difficult to win. Zhu Yuanzhang agreed with Liu Ji's judgment, so he designed to lure the enemy deeper and make an iron ride. Kang Maocai and Chen Youliang, the ministry of Zhu Yuanzhang, are old friends, so Kang Maocai wrote a letter, sent someone to Chen Youliang camp, invited Chen to attack Yingtian, and offered to work in Jiangdong Bridge.

On the morning of June 23rd, Chen Youliang led the main force of the fleet to Jiangdong Bridge on the outskirts of Yingtian, only to find that the bridge was a stone bridge instead of a wooden one, and only then did he know that he had been cheated. But it's too late. Zhu Yuanzhang ambushed and attacked, and Chen Youliang was defeated. Zhu Yuanzhang collected Taiping and occupied Xinzhou and Anqing. Chen Youliang defeated Jiujiang and captured Anqing in August of the following year, so Zhu Yuanzhang led an army to Jiangzhou, Chen Youliang's lair, Chen Youliang fled to Wuchang, and Zhu Yuanzhang conquered Jiangxi and southeastern Hubei.

At this time, the Central Plains Red Scarf Army split, weakened. In February of the 23rd year, Zhang Shicheng took advantage of people's crisis and sent Lu Zhen to attack Anfeng. Liu Futong turned to Zhu Yuanzhang for help. When Zhu Yuanzhang led the army to Anfeng, Liu Futong had been killed by Lv Zhen. Zhu Yuanzhang only rescued Wang Xiaoming Han Liner and arranged for him to live in Chuzhou. When Zhu Yuanzhang led the main force to rescue Wang Xiaoming, Chen Youliang thought it was time to counterattack, so he led his troops to attack Hongdu (now Nanchang, Jiangxi). Zhu Wenzheng, the nephew of Zhu Yuanzhang, led the soldiers to hold on for 85 days. In July of the 23rd year of Zheng Zheng (AD 1363), Zhu Yuanzhang led 200,000 troops to Hongdu. When Chen Youliang learned of this, he withdrew from the besieged army and confronted Zhu Yuanzhang. The two sides fought a decisive battle in Poyang Lake. The Poyang Lake water war lasted for 36 days from August 29th to1October 3rd. Zhu Yuanzhang's army gave full play to the flexibility of the ship, attacked Chen Jun, and finally won. Chen Youliang was shot dead by random arrows.

The extermination of Chen Youliang laid the foundation for Zhu Yuanzhang to pacify Jiangnan.

The extermination of Chen Youliang laid the foundation for Zhu Yuanzhang to pacify Jiangnan [1 1].

1364 On New Year's Day, Zhu Yuanzhang called Wu Wang and built a hundred lawsuits. He still issued orders in the name of "imperial edict and Wu Wang decree". Because Zhang Shicheng established himself as the King of Wu in 1363, Zhang Shicheng was called Wu Dong and Zhu Yuanzhang was called Xiwu in history.

In March of twenty-four years, Zhu Yuanzhang went to Wuchang to inspect the city again, and David Li Chen finally surrendered from the city. After the annexation of Chen Youliang, Zhu Yuanzhang's next goal was Zhang Shicheng.

Zhang Shicheng, a native of Taizhou, sold smuggled salt in his early years. A salt uprising was launched at the end of Yuan Dynasty. 1354, Gaoyou was called the king, the name of the founding country was Zhou, and Jianyuan God bless. 1356, Pingjiang (now Suzhou) was its capital. After Zhu Yuanzhang destroyed Chen Youliang and his son, he attacked Zhang Shicheng in October of the 25th year of Zheng Zheng, captured Tongzhou, Xinghua, Yancheng, Taizhou, Gaoyou, Huai 'an, Xuzhou, Suzhou, Anfeng and other counties in one fell swoop, and drove Dongwu forces out of Jiangbei area.

In May of the 26th year, Zhu Yuanzhang published a campaign against Zhang Shicheng. Zhang Shicheng's eight major crimes were listed in a battle. Except for the fourth and eighth items related to the Western Wu Dynasty, all the others accused Zhang Shicheng of betraying the Yuan Dynasty. If you don't look at the beginning and end, it is easy to mistake it for a punitive order of the Yuan Dynasty. This shows that Zhu Yuanzhang has regarded himself as a king who obeys his destiny and is ready to inherit the orthodoxy of the dynasty.

Zhu Yuanzhang's army attacked quickly. In November 26, Hangzhou and Huzhou surrendered one after another, and Pingjiang became an isolated city. So Zhu Yuanzhang surrounded Pingjiang heavily and launched the Pingjiang Campaign.

At the same time of siege, Zhu Yuanzhang sent Liao Yongzhong to Chuzhou to meet Wang Xiaoming, and sent Han Liner to Yingtianlai, but when crossing the river in Guazhou, he quietly chiseled the bottom of the boat and Wang Xiaoming sank to the bottom of the river. Then, Zhu Yuanzhang announced that he would no longer use the year of Dragon and Phoenix, calling 1367 the first year of Wu. At the beginning of the Battle of Pingjiang, Zhu Yuanzhang built a wall around the city and a three-story wooden tower, which was higher than the city wall. He shot at the city with crossbows and ware, and set up Xiangyang guns to bombard it day and night. There was a panic in the city, and Zhang Shicheng's several breakthroughs ended in failure. Zhang Shicheng is willful, greedy for enjoyment, and indulges his subordinates very much. On the last day of the siege at Pingkiang, Zhang Shicheng's younger brother Zhang Shixin bid in Chengtou, still enjoying himself. He sat in a silver chair and drank, and the waiter handed him peaches. As a result, before the peach reached his mouth, his head was smashed with a gunshot. Zhu Yuanzhang sent people to surrender many times, but Zhang Shicheng refused. Zhang Shicheng stuck to Pingjiang, and after the food was exhausted, he ate rats and hay. When the arrows are used up, the roof tiles are used as bombs. It was not until the eighth day of September in the twenty-seventh year (AD 1367) that Zhu Yuanzhang led an army into Pingjiang, while Zhang Shicheng launched street fighting resistance. Finally, Zhang Shicheng was captured and sent to Yingtian. Zhu Yuanzhang asked questions but he ignored them. Li Shanchang asked him, but he swore. Helpless, Zhu Yuanzhang had to order the guards to kill Zhang Shicheng with disorderly sticks. At that time, Zhang Shicheng was 47 years old, and Soochow perished.

Create Daming

In the 24th year of Zheng Zheng (1364), Wu became king. In the twenty-seventh year (1367), on Jiazi Day in October, Zhu Yuanzhang, the king of Wu, attacked Xu Da, the right prime minister of Shu, as the general of Lu, and Chang Yuchun, the deputy general of Pingzhang, led an army of 250,000 and entered the Central Plains in the north. During the Northern Expedition, a proclamation was issued to the northern officials and people, and the program of "expelling Land Rover, restoring China, writing it off and relieving the Sri Lankan people" was put forward, so as to inspire the northern people to rise up against the Yuan Dynasty. Zhu Yuanzhang followed the trend of the times and made careful arrangements for the Northern Expedition with his extraordinary talent and foresight. He proposed to take Shandong first and remove the barriers of the Yuan Dynasty. Entering Henan, cutting off its wings, seizing Tongguan, occupying its threshold; Then most troops entered. At this time, the Yuan Dynasty was helpless and took it without fighting. Sending troops to the west, Shanxi, northern Shaanxi, Guanzhong and Gansu can all be swept down. The Northern Expeditionary Army left as planned. Xu Da led the troops to take Shandong first, then to the west, captured the capital of song dynasty, and then moved to Tongguan. Zhu Yuanzhang went to the capital of song dynasty to take command. In the first year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (1368), he proclaimed himself emperor in Nanjing, with the title Daming and the year Hongwu.

In July of the first year of Hongwu (1368), armies from all walks of life went straight to Tianjin along the canal and occupied Tongzhou on the 27th. 1August 368, when the Ming army entered Beijing, Yuan Shundi led Mimia's concubines and the Crown Prince to escape from Dadu by opening Jiandemen and fled to Shangdu via Juyongguan. Abandon the city and go, all fled to the Mongolian grassland. The other warlords, such as Kukutimur and Li Siqi, were armed to the teeth and showed bravery in the civil war. They all fled when the Ming army attacked. [12]1998 Mongolia's rule in the Central Plains ended, the Ming Dynasty gained the rule within the Great Wall, and China once again returned to the dynasty rule established by the Han nationality.

1368, the capital of the yuan dynasty was captured and the yuan empire was declared dead, which marked another major war change since Zhu Yuanzhang's expedition in 1352. He is no longer fighting for political survival and personal life, and he no longer needs to try his best to conquer the land of China headquarters. Although war is still very important, it is increasingly confined to the fighting on the border, while other military-related issues are highlighted. These problems include: making Zhu Yuanzhang's throne fully recognized by the army; Establish a military system in peacetime to allow economic operation, but avoid social tension caused by large-scale demobilization.

Emperor Kangxi of Qing Dynasty commented on Zhu Yuanzhang's "governance of Tang and Song Dynasties".

Emperor Kangxi of Qing Dynasty commented on Zhu Yuanzhang's "governance of Tang and Song Dynasties".

. Despite these concerns, there are still military actions between 1368 and 1372, which will greatly affect the future history of the Ming Dynasty. Three provinces were conquered: Shanxi, Shaanxi, Gansu and Sichuan. [ 13]

Zhu Yuanzhang took a series of measures to strengthen the imperial power and reform the political system, in order to overcome a series of disadvantages such as the hardship of people's livelihood, high corruption of the government, great oppression of the people, lax central authority and the inability to resolutely implement policies in the Yuan Dynasty. In order to consolidate the imperial power and ensure the long-term stability of the country, Zhu Yuanzhang also set up the world's first intelligence spy group-Jinyiwei. On the political system, on the one hand, Zhu Yuanzhang abolished the powerful prime minister in the institutional setup of the central government, strengthened the imperial power, and let him handle political affairs alone. On the other hand, provincial local powers are divided into administrative, judicial and military powers by three newly established institutions, namely, the Secretary-General's Propaganda and Deployment Department, the Department of Imprisonment and Justice, and the Department of Command and Special Envoy. Centralized power has been strengthened. [ 14]

Die of illness

In the thirty-first year of Hongwu (1398), Zhu Yuanzhang died in Nanjing at the age of 7 1 and was buried in the Ming tombs.

Secret of success

1. Respect for Confucius and Mencius, love for ordinary people, and faith and determination to lead China to revive the country.

2. Comply with heaven and people's hearts.

3. Recruit world celebrities. Such as: Liu Ji, Zhang Yi, Song Lian, Feng, Xu Da, Chang Yuchun and Li Shanchang.

4. Attach importance to agriculture and build water conservancy projects.