About Qin, Cheng and others.

Brief introduction of Qin Qiong

Qin Qiong (? Bao Shu (638) was born in Licheng (now Jinan, Shandong Province), a founding general of the Tang Dynasty, and one of the twenty-four heroes of Lingyange. Weichi Gong was a traditional keeper. Jinan Wulongtan has its former residence.

Qin Qiong in history

Qin Qiong in history is famous for its bravery. At first, General Sui came to protect his son, and then Zhang Xutuo attacked Shi Biao. After the defeat, Zhang Xutuo died, and Qin belonged to Pei's men. He surrendered to Shi Biao with Pei, was reused, and was named a title of generals in ancient times. After Shi Biao failed, he surrendered to the king. Because of dissatisfaction with Wang's character, in 6 19 (the second year of Wude), Tongcheng Zhijie and others joined the Tang Dynasty and were enfeoffed to the king of Qin. I have participated in all the battles in Li Shimin, and I have to charge ahead in every battle, and I often take the heads of enemy generals among the hosts. In 626 (the ninth year of Wude), he participated in the change of Xuanwu Gate and was later named General Zuo Wuwei. In his later years, Qin Qiong became ill because he was injured too much in previous battles. He often says to people, "I have been a soldier since I was a child. I fought more than 200 wars and got a serious sore. How many times did you bleed before and after? Are you safe? "

In the 12th year of Zhenguan (638), Qin Qiong, the secretariat of Xuzhou, died and was buried in Zhaoling.

In the 13th year of Zhenguan (639), Qin Qiong was named Hu Guogong by posthumous title.

In the seventeenth year of Zhenguan (643), Qin Qiong and Sun Chang Wuji were listed as one of the twenty-four founders of the country by Graphic Lingyan Pavilion.

Door God-Qin Qiong

In the novel The Journey to the West, it is said that the old dragon in Jinghe near Chang 'an made a bet with the fortune teller and broke the dogma. The Jade Emperor sent Wei Zhi to supervise and beheaded the old dragon at 3 noon. The day before, Lao Long asked Tang Taizong to intercede for him, and Tang Taizong readily agreed. The next day, Emperor Taizong announced that Wei Zhi had entered the DPRK and left Wei Zhi to accompany him to play Go. Unexpectedly, at three o'clock at noon, Wei Zhi dozed off and dreamed of beheading the old dragon. Lao Long resented Emperor Taizong's treachery, pestered him, and made trouble in the palace every day, which made the six gods of Emperor Taizong uneasy. Knowing that the emperor was afraid, Wei Zhi sent two generals and Weichi Gong to guard the palace gate. Sure enough, the old dragon dared not make trouble. Emperor Taizong remembered their hard work of guarding the door at night, so he asked the painter to paint their portraits and stick them at the palace gate. The result still worked. As a result, this move began to spread among the people, and Weichi Gong became a keeper.

Qin Qiong in literary and artistic works

The novel The Journey to the West records the story of Qin Qiong becoming a caretaker: the old Dragon King of Jinghe near Chang 'an made a bet with a fortune teller and broke the dogma. At three o'clock in the afternoon, the Jade Emperor sent Wei Zhi to execute the old dragon. The day before, Lao Long asked Tang Taizong to intercede for him, and Tang Taizong readily agreed. The next day, Emperor Taizong announced that Wei Zhi had entered the DPRK and left Wei Zhi to accompany him to play Go. Unexpectedly, at three o'clock at noon, Wei Zhi dozed off and dreamed of beheading the old dragon. Lao Long resented Emperor Taizong's treachery, pestered him, and made trouble in the palace every day, which made the six gods of Emperor Taizong uneasy. Knowing that the emperor was afraid, Wei Zhi sent two generals and Weichi Gong to guard the palace gate. Sure enough, the old dragon dared not make trouble. Emperor Taizong remembered their hard work of guarding the door at night, so he asked the painter to paint their portraits and stick them at the palace gate. The result still worked. As a result, this move began to spread among the people, and Weichi Gong became a keeper.

Qin Qiong put friendship first and won the admiration of his brothers. At that time, his name was Qin.

Life in Qin Qiong

Qin Qiong's father was a clerk of Xianyang King in Northern Qi Dynasty and joined the army. In the great cause of Sui Dynasty, Qin Qiong worked under the care of General Sui, and was highly valued for his lofty ambition and courage. After Qin's mother died, the nurse made a special trip home to express her condolences, which shocked the whole army.

In the troubled times at the end of Sui Dynasty, the rebel army rose, surrendered to Zhang Xutuo, the magistrate of Qixian County, and fought against Lu, the leader of the rebel army, in Xiapi (now north of Suining River). At that time, the strength of the two sides was very different. Zhang Xutuo has only ten thousand troops and hundreds of rebels. After more than ten days of stalemate, Xu Tuo is already in a state of lack of food. It is at this critical moment that people are eager to retreat and afraid to catch up. Qin Qiong and Luo Shixin stepped forward, willing to lead one thousand people to sneak attack each other's barracks and cover the safe retreat of large groups. With their wisdom and courage, Qin Qiong and Luo Shixin made a successful surprise attack. Zhang Xutuo took the opportunity to chase Li, and won a great victory after Li escaped. Only this battle, Qin Qiong's courage and wisdom soon became famous in the army.

In the subsequent action, Qin Qiong was appointed as Jianjie for his meritorious service. Later, when attacking Shi Biao, Zhang Xutuo was defeated and died. Qin Qiong led the beaten army to Pei, and then surrendered to Shi Biao, the rebel leader of Wagangzhai, with Pei. Shi Biao was very happy to get Qin Qiong, so he was highly valued and made him a general in title of generals in ancient times. In the battle with Shi Biao, once Shi Biao was shot by the defeated army and fell under the horse, unconscious. At this time, the followers were scattered around, and the pursuers were about to arrive. The situation is very critical. Thanks to Qin Qiong's desperate guards and team reorganization, this repelled the pursuers, thus saving Shi Biao. Later, when Shi Biao failed, Qin Qiong won Wang Shichong for the Sui Dynasty and was appointed General Long Xiang. Later, because he was dissatisfied with Wang's cunning, he left Wang to join Cheng and others and worked under the king of Qin. Because of his bravery, he was appointed as the general manager of Ma Jun. Since then, Qin Qiong followed Li Shimin, the king of Qin, and successively suppressed many rebel armies such as Wang Shichong, Dou Jiande and Liu Heita, which made great contributions to the establishment of the Tang Dynasty. Li Yuan once sent messengers to the golden urn as a reward. Later, he was awarded many times for his meritorious military service. He was worshipped as the right-hand man's army of the king of Qin, and was named the post-country. Later, he was dubbed the Wing Lord protector and won the trust of Li Shimin, the king of Qin.

Qin Qiong not only made great achievements at the beginning of the establishment of the Tang Dynasty, but also stood on the side of Li Shimin, the king of Qin, in the "Xuanwumen Change" of the internal struggle in the Tang Dynasty, and jointly killed the prince's complete ancestor and Qi Wang Yuanji, clearing the way for Li Shimin to seize the throne as a prince. In June of the 9th year of Tang Wude (626), Li Shimin, king of Qin, was made a prince. Acceded to the throne in August, renamed Zhenguan. This is the famous Emperor Taizong in history. Qin Qiong, also due to his meritorious service, became General Zuo Wuwei and granted seven hundred fiefs. Later, Qin Qiong became ill, claiming to have participated in military battles since he was a child. He has been through many battles and dozens of bloody battles. How can he not be sick? In the twelfth year of Zhenguan (638), he finally died of illness. After his death, he was given the title of Governor of Xuzhou, renamed Hu Guogong, and buried with Zhaoling. "Taizong's special order department, in order to make meritorious deeds, is a stone man and a stone horse." (Old Tang Book) His portrait also went to Lingyange to commend the great hero. After Qin Qiong's death, his legend was romanticized into drama and rap literature, and he was known as "Shandong hero". There are many related relics in Jinan, such as Maimahuai, Qin and Tomb. Up to now, there is still a stone tablet in Wanglongtan, Jinan, which reads "Former Residence of General Qin Zuowuwei of Tang Dynasty".

Yaojin Chen

Official History: Cheng Zhijie (593-665), a native of Dong 'e, Jeju (now southwest of Dong 'e, Shandong), was born in the 13th year of Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty (593) and died in the 2nd year of Tang Linde (665) on February 7th at the age of 77. At the end of Sui Dynasty, he joined the Wagang Army and voted for the king. Later, he turned to the Tang Dynasty and became a key member of the King of Qin. In the seventeenth year of Zhenguan (643), Emperor Taizong ordered the portraits of the founding heroes to be drawn in Lingyan Palace, and Cheng Zhijie was one of them. After Cheng Zhijie was a big family, his great-grandfather named Cheng Hang, a Sima from Yanzhou in Northern Qi Dynasty, his ancestor named Cheng Zhe, a Sima from Jinzhou in Northern Qi Dynasty, and his father named Cheng Lou, a big leader from Jeju in Northern Qi Dynasty. Tang gave him a gift to hold a festival in Yingzhou Military Affairs and Yingzhou Secretariat.

A brave and loyal general-Lu Gongcheng Zhijie (Cheng)

People in China are familiar with these two common sayings, "Fight your way out" and "Cheng's three axes". It is estimated that when Cheng Zhijie is mentioned, except for scholars who study history, he will definitely have a blank face, and almost no one knows who it is. Therefore, the folk power of popular romance novels can change (or beautify or uglify) the true colors of historical figures.

Cheng Zhijie, whose real name is Jinchi, is from Dong 'e, Jeju. When he was young, he was brave and good at hitting the target with one blow. At the end of the Sui Dynasty, the world was in chaos, and Cheng called hundreds of disciples to defend the village. Shi Biao started his army, and he went to take refuge and rode for the army. At that time, Shi Biao selected 8,000 brave soldiers who were different from ordinary people, with four generals in ancient times as the commander-in-chief, and Cheng was one of them. Shi Biao often tells people that "these 8,000 people can be a million-strong army". When Shi Mi was at war with Wang, Cheng led Ma Jun and Shi Mi to command the battle in the north of Mangshan Mountain. Wang Lingbing stormed Dan's foreign Ma Jun (Dan was also a famous hero in Sui and Tang Dynasties), and Shi Mi ordered Cheng and Pei Hangyan to support him. Pei Xingyan is also a brave rider. He rushed into the array first, was caught in the middle by the flow vector, and rolled down from his horse. Cheng stepped forward, mounted his horse first and killed the enemy. Wang's soldiers tried to behead the general before the battle and were invincible. Cheng got off the horse, put the seriously injured Pei Hangyan on the horse, and the two rode back. The king sent cavalry after him. Because Pei Hangyan was injured immediately, Cheng's movements were not as flexible as usual, and a root tip pierced his body (not a fatal place such as his chest). The hero gritted his teeth, turned around and broke the handle, pulled the soldier who was chasing him near, cut off his head with a knife and chased after him. No one dared to come near again, and finally the two returned to the camp safely. Pei is the prototype of the third hero in the Romance of Sui and Tang Dynasties. In the official history, he was brave and good at fighting, and was named "the enemy of ten thousand people." He fell to the queen, unwilling, and tried to assassinate him, but was killed by the king. )

Shi Biao and Wang fought hundreds of battles, with many victories and few defeats, but they were defeated in the battle of Luoshui. Cheng, Dan, Qin and others had to return to the king. This hero is a favorite of Emperor Yang Di and a semi-finalist of the Western Conference. He is "very generous" to these generals and hopes that they can help him destroy the world. Not long after getting along, Cheng said to Qin, "Wang Weiren is shallow and narrow-minded. He usually talks nonsense, likes to swear, and is superstitious about ghosts and gods. He is simply an old lady who jumps into the sky, and he is not a master of bringing order out of chaos! " Soon, Wang and Yu fought in Jiuqu, and Cheng and others were listed as war generals. Suddenly, they turned around with Qin and others and said to the king, "Thank you for your reception. I am eager to repay you. However, you are suspicious and there are many little people around you. I dare not stay with you for long. I hereby resign! " Say that finish, he took dozens of people around him and ran away to Tang Jun. Tens of thousands of soldiers and horses were behind the king, but because they were afraid of Cheng and others, they had to watch them leave, and no one dared to follow.

After returning to the Tang Dynasty, he became "invincible", followed the attack, captured Dou Jiande alive, surrendered to the king, and sealed lord protector House with military exploits. In the seventh year of Emperor Gaozu's Wude, Prince Li cut the left and right wings of the king of Qin, and transferred the course to Kangzhou Secretariat. In desperation, Wu Rencheng challenged him with words: "Your majesty's arm will be cut off today, and his body will soon be gone. I won't risk my life to leave. Please make up your mind quickly! " After the change of Xuanwu Gate, he was promoted to General Right Wuwei. During the Zhenguan period, Lu Guogong was one of the loyal ministers of Emperor Taizong from beginning to end.

In 656 AD, in the year of Xianqingyuan, Tang Gaozong, Cheng Zhijie was appointed as the general manager of the March on the Welsh Onion Mountain Road, crusaded against the West Turkic, attacked the two tribes of Geluo and Chuyue, and was beheaded by more than a thousand people. In December, Cheng led an army to Sichuan Yundu, where he met a Turk with 40,000 cavalry. Su Shi, the former commander of the army, rode 500 horses to meet him. The West Turkistan was defeated, chased out 20 miles, killed and injured more than 1,500 people, and captured horse equipment. There are countless horses and equipment. Deputy General Manager Wang is very anxious about Sue's great achievements. He said to Cheng Dui, "Although we have won today, there are casualties in the army. Don't rush after the enemy. You should form a phalanx and move slowly and cautiously. The enemy will fight. This is a foolproof strategy. " What's more, Wang told people that the emperor had a secret message for himself, put Cheng and the whole army under his command, and ordered the army not to pursue the enemy in depth. Poor Tang Jun foot soldiers in Wan Li rode horses all day long, and when it was windy in winter, they all walked slowly in heavy armor, and one horse after another died of cold syndrome. Su Quancheng: "We started to destroy the enemy, but now we are trapped in a trap and have to defend ourselves. When the enemy comes, it fails. We are so timid, how can we make contributions! The emperor regards you as a general, how can he give a secret order to his deputy? There must be fraud in this. Please order Wang to be brought to justice and play the emperor on the plane to find out. " The hero is old. At this time, Cheng has lost the spirit of his youth and shook his head.

From Tang Jun to Duhengcheng, thousands of conference semifinals defected. The king said to him, "When we leave, these people will definitely rebel again. It is better to kill them all and get a lot of money. " Su Xiang protested: "If we do this, we will become thieves. How can it be called national rebellion! " Cheng acquiesced to Wang. Thousands of Hu people were killed cleanly, and Wang "divided his wealth, and the independent party did not follow it." Although the history books don't say that General Cheng is greedy for money, the "independence of the party is not affected by it" shows that Cheng Lao himself must get a big share. After returning to Li, the matter was exposed and he was dismissed because of Wang's death. Because Cheng did not stay in the city to catch up with the enemy, he was reduced to death and dismissed from his official position. It's a pity that the great hero is in danger in the last days and is afraid of death. Although he was afraid that the imperial court would soon use it as a secretariat, after all, he was angry and Cheng stepped down. In the second year of Gao's reign (AD 665), Cheng finally returned to the mountain. Give the general a title of generals in ancient times and pay for the burial of Zhaoling. Later, in the Sui and Tang Dynasties, he became one of the leading characters in the performing arts, nicknamed "the devil on earth". As the name implies, people did countless things. He was once the king of Wagangzhai Demon Kingdom, and later surrendered to Li Tang. He also made a lot of contributions by virtue of his cleverness and luck. I am very lucky in my life. I lived 100 years. After the Six Dynasties of Emperor Gaozu, Emperor Taizong, Emperor Gaozong, Wu Zetian, Emperor Zhongzong and Zong Rui, I can be said to be the first lucky general among heroes in Sui and Tang Dynasties. Cheng has been famous for his bravery since he was a child. He is particularly good at making guns at once, then dumping Shi Biao and commanding Shi Biao's most elite guard. Shi Biao was defeated and became the king's Ministry. But Cheng didn't want to be his subordinate, so he persuaded him to defect with other brave generals and put them under the account of the king of Qin. Cheng made great contributions in the war with Dou Jiande and Wang, and was named (later renamed Lu) Gong. After being framed by princelings, he advised the king of Qin to strike first. After the change of Xuanwu Gate, he became a big shot. In 657, Tang Gaozong led the army to conquer Ashnahulu, a western Turkic, but was dismissed for killing and losing people's hearts. But it was soon used by Tang Ting. At this time, he has reached the age of biting gold, so he retired from the imperial court and returned home. In the second year of Linde (665), he died of illness (living for a long time) and was buried with Zhaoling.

All generations have a good end. The second son, Princess Shang, and several children and grandchildren are senior guards like generals.

Xu Maogong

This is the brain in the biography of the Tang Dynasty. Ming Mao, served as the strategist of the Great Devil in Wagangzhai, the 10th Eight-Nation Alliance Division, the Western Wei Division and the later Datang Division, and served as a strategist for a long time. Xu Maogong is a civilian general, slightly different from Wei Zhi. Xu Maogong is a strategist who commands the army, not a purely civilian government.

Xu Maogong was born in Longhuguan, Luzhou City, Shaanxi Province. He and Wei Zhi are both Taoist priests. He made a living as a diviner, and joined the Greenwood Rebel Army planned by Xiao Lingguan Dan Xiong Xin. Later, Jia Jialou became sworn and ranked third. Under Cheng, Cheng called him "Xu Saner, an antique". The strategist has to remind people of Zhuge Liang, who has a thousand troops in his chest and has a good command. However, Xu Maogong is not the prototype of Zhuge Liang in this storytelling. There is no profound description about the marching arrangement in the ballad. At the beginning of the Jia Jialou rebellion, he issued the Chopsticks Order, commanded the outlaw hero, filed a false military order and sent away the 800,000-strong army, which was the patron, and his talents began to show. However, because storytellers are not proficient in operational command, they can't show Xu Maogong's command ability. On the contrary, Xu Maogong is portrayed as a man who can read and speak.

Xu Maogong had the foresight to think that Wagang Mountain occupied the right place and the right time, so he said that Wagang Village and Little Overlord Zhai Rang joined hands to establish the Devil Kingdom. Before that, Xu Maogong's military ability was also displayed. But it's a little out of date.

Behind it, Xu Maogong's credit is elite management. First of all, Cheng must be appointed king of the demon kingdom. Later, he accepted Lao Rui and Pei's father and son many times with tricks, and recruited talents. All these are due to Xu Maogong. But later, Xu Maogong's portrayal became a man full of tricks (in the words of storytellers, full of tricks). Let me give you a few examples:

1. Shun said Wagangzhai gave Zhai Rang and Cheng a hand. Although he knew that Cheng's axe was very powerful, he also talked about how to compete with Zhai Rang in martial arts, but he wanted Cheng to fight Zhai Rang, which was a bit risky and a joke to Cheng. It's not that he is brilliant, but that he has a glib tongue and catches other people's pigtails.

2. When attacking Hulao Pass, Xu Maogong let Cheng Gang (Cheng Gang abdicated and became a pioneer officer at the beginning) take the lead in the master plan. Although Cheng Cheng killed two war generals with one axe and made a good start, in the face of Shang Shitu, Cheng Cheng failed to fall into the trap and was captured alive. At this time, Xu Maogong beat drums and shouted that Lao Cheng would not die in the past and could break Hulao Pass. Later, because Shang Shitu was deceived, he got Four Treasures of the Study, and Hulao Pass cracked it. However, this is a fluke, and there are indeed some good intentions.

From Wei Xingtang, Xu Maogong helped Li Shimin gain the wisdom and courage of three generals. Can only say that Xu Maogong has a glib tongue. As for employing people, it can be said that it is second.

In addition, Xu Maogong's depiction is somewhat frivolous. Xu Maogong has great respect for,, and others, but he is a little stupid about Cheng. This is also a burden for storytellers to shake and make the story more humorous. Therefore, the description of an open strategist is folk and humorous.

Storytelling is a kind of culture of ordinary people (mainly ordinary people, farmers and other people with low educational level a long time ago). Different from literary works, it can portray a militarist as a sober militarist, and compare himself with Le Yi and Guan Zhong. Most people don't listen to how lofty he is. Therefore, Xu Maogong became a "strategist" in the image of ordinary people.