The significance of Yongmei, a Lu Youbu operator.

Outside the station, near the broken bridge, flowers bloom alone, but no one cares. Every day when the sun goes down, there will always be lonely worries in my heart, especially when it is windy and rainy.

I don't want to try my best to fight for love, but I let the flowers envy me. Dead branches and leaves turn into mud and grind into dust, but only fragrance remains.

Appreciate:

Outside the bridge, the plum blossoms are lonely, no matter what. Twilight arrival, plum blossom is helpless, already exhausted, but also subject to wind and rain. Plum blossoms don't want to compete for blooming, and the envy and rejection of flowers don't care. Even after autumn, when it is ground into dirt and turned into dust, plum blossoms still emit fragrance as usual.

This is a poem written by Yongmei to Lu You, which is actually Lu You's own poem. The first part describes the experience of plum blossom: it takes root outside the desolate postal kiosk, next to the broken bridge. Posthouse is a place where people who delivered official documents and traveled in ancient times rested. Coupled with the ups and downs at dusk, how desolate and desolate this environment is! The experience of writing plum blossoms is also the political experience of the author being excluded from writing.

The next article is about the character of plum blossom: a hundred flowers are blooming, but I have no intention of competing with them for spring. Even if it fades and falls, I still keep that fragrance. The last two sentences are the spirit of Li Sao, "I don't know what it is, but I believe it is." "Although I haven't changed my body, I can't be punished." It is more profound than Wang Anshi's sentence of Yongxing: "It is better to be blown into snow by the east wind than to be crushed into dust by the south stranger."

Lu You's political career: he was recommended to be the first in the exam in his early years and was jealous of Qin Gui; Filial piety was excluded by a group of villains such as Long Dayuan and Zeng Yi. When I was in the shogunate of Wang Yan in Sichuan, I had to go through the Central Plains and saw myself entangled in the ruling clique, unable to fulfill my ambition. In his later years, he was in favor of the northern expedition of Han Biaozhou, who was framed after his failure. When we read his first poem, we can see that it is the epitome of his life experience and political experience. The plum blossom in his ci is the embodiment of his noble character.

The literati in Tang and Song Dynasties praised the character of plum blossom, which was different from the literati in Six Dynasties. But the famous sentence "Dim fragrance, thin shadow" written by Lin Hejing is just the feelings of a master and a hermit; Although some writers borrow plum blossoms to write their own words, they can only say, "How can we be together without spring breeze?" Haitang said. This is just one aspect of Lu You's ci "No intention to fight for spring, everyone is jealous". Chen Liang, a good friend of Lu You, has four plum blossom poems: "A flower suddenly changes, and all flowers are fragrant. If you want to send a spring letter, you are not afraid of snow burial. " It is the embodiment of Chen Liang's whole personality to write his own vision, not afraid of attack and uphold justice in politics. The word Lu You is the proud image of a frustrated hero. In my opinion, in the Song Dynasty, these were two outstanding works of writing plum blossom poems.

Appreciate:

Lu you

Outside the bridge, the plum blossoms are lonely, no matter what.

Twilight arrival, plum blossom is helpless, already exhausted, but also subject to wind and rain.

Plum blossoms don't want to compete for blooming, and the envy and rejection of flowers don't care.

Even after autumn, when it is ground into dirt and turned into dust, plum blossoms still emit fragrance as usual.

The author notes "Yongmei" in this poem "The Operator", but it is implicit, just like Mr. Lian Xi (Zhou Dunyi) "only loves lotus flowers without staining mud, not being a demon", taking lotus flowers as a metaphor, and the author takes plum blossoms as a metaphor.

Lu You once praised plum blossom "The more awe-inspiring the snow, the stronger the integrity in the flower" ("Falling Plum"). Plum blossoms are so beautiful and unique that they are above all flowers, but now they are open outside the country post station, close to the broken bridge. Nature is cold, lonely, indifferent and left out. From this sentence, we can know that it is neither a plum in the government nor a plum in a famous garden, but a "wild plum" growing in a remote suburb. It doesn't get the care it deserves and no one appreciates it. With the metabolism of the four seasons, it opens silently and withers silently. Everything is lonely. Look around blankly.-Who cares? This is a plum without a master. In the sentence "Loneliness without the owner", the poet poured his feelings into the objective scenery. The first sentence is the scenery language, which is already the language of love.

Sunset dusk, twilight hazy, how can this lonely plum bear this desolation? It has only "troubles"-and it is "alone troubles". These words echo the "loneliness" of the previous sentence. Moreover, it happened that at this time, the wind blew again and it rained. The word "tiller" is equally powerful, describing the difficult situation of plum blossom. However, despite the cold environment, it is still "open"! It, "all trees are cold and colorless, and the south branch is alone" (Daoyuan); It, "dare to spend it in Xiang Xue, the only tree attracts the spring of the world" (Yang Weizhen). In short, judging from the above four sentences, this pressure on plum blossoms is everywhere, in the sky and underground, but all this was finally broken by it, because it was still open! Who is the winner? It should be said that it is plum blossom!

Shang Kun concentrated on the difficult situation of Meihua, and it did have "troubles". From an artistic point of view, when the author writes his worries, he does not use the usual metaphors of poets and poets to write such worries, but uses environment, time and natural phenomena to contrast them. Kuang Zhouyi said: "Words take God from a distance and only describe the scenery, but God speaks for itself and is a master." () That is to say, the poet describes so many "landscapes" in order to get the "divine inspiration" of plum blossoms; "Those who are deeper than romance are good at writing landscapes" (Tian Tongzhi's xipu Ci). The last four sentences can be said to be "double painting of scenes"

There's a message from Temple.

Plum blossom, it blooms the earliest. "All the trees are frozen and ready to fold, and the lonely roots are warm and lonely" (Miracle); "I don't know if the recent spray started first, but I suspect it didn't disappear after the winter snow" (Zhang Wei). It is it that ushered in spring. But it "has no intention of fighting for spring." In spring, hundreds of flowers are in full bloom, competing for novelty and beauty, while plum blossoms do not "compete for spring". Han Ling started first, just to welcome a little sincerity in spring. People who are "bitter" are desperate, desperate and try their best. Satire the square group from the side. Plum blossoms don't mean to compete for spring. If Fang Qun is jealous, it's their own business. Let's be jealous for a while. Here, writing and writing are completely intertwined. The ruthlessness of flowers and trees is a natural phenomenon, and saying "striving for spring" is a metaphor. "Jealousy" is not owned by vegetation. These two sentences show Lu Wei's arrogance, never interacting with spoilers, inviters and flatterers, and his arrogance of not being afraid of slander, loyalty and self-control.

The last words. By going up one flight of stairs, the "unique height" of plum blossom, said: "Scattered into mud, ground into dust, but the fragrance remains unchanged". The previous sentence inherited the miserable situation of loneliness, sunset, wind and rain, etc. These seven words were frustrated four times: "falling", which was unbearable to be destroyed by sudden wind and rain, and plum blossoms fell one after another. This is the first floor. It's on the second floor. Mud and water are mixed. You can't tell which is the flower and which is the mud. Judging from the word "grinding", it shows the ruthlessness of the abuser and the great pressure of the abuser, which is the third layer. As a result, plum blossoms were trampled and turned to dust. This is the fourth floor. You see, the fate of plum blossoms is so tragic that it is almost unbearable to read. But the author's purpose is by no means to arouse people's sympathy just to write about the tragic experience of plum blossoms; In terms of writing techniques, it is still paving the way and getting ready to go, in order to reach the peak of the next meaning. Although the plum blossom has withered, it has been trampled into dirt and crushed into dust. Please see, "only the fragrance will remain unchanged", but its "unique rhyme" fragrance will never change, and it will not change at all.

The last sentence has great power to carry the tripod, awakening the whole article, and throwing the unfortunate situation of plum blossoms ahead, the bleak, declining and sad situation that wind and rain hit, withered and fell, and turned into dust, to the outside of the cloud nine at once. It is "the last sentence depends on the end" (Zhuo Renyue's Ci Tong). The reason why this "festival" can be "imagined" is precisely because this word is very successful in the use of metaphor, which left us a very deep impression and became Yongmei's masterpiece.

The author introduces:

biography

Lu You (1125-1210) was born in Yin Shan, Yuezhou (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang). Patriotic poets in Southern Song Dynasty. Father Lu Zai is an intellectual with patriotic thoughts. Family education made Lu You set up the thought of worrying about the country and the people and the ambition of killing the enemy and serving the country from an early age. He studied tirelessly since he was a child, and he was able to write poetry at the age of twelve. He also studied sword and art of war. Around the age of twenty-five, he learned a lot from a patriotic poet, and he benefited a lot. From then on, the patriotic tone of his poetry creation was determined.

In the twenty-third year of Shaoxing (1 153), he went to Lin 'an to be a scholar, but he was jealous by Qin Gui because of the "theory of happiness after recovery" and was removed from the list during the second interview. It was not until three years after Qin Gui's death (1 158) that it became the master book of Ningde County in Fuzhou. At the beginning of his reign, Song Xiaozong was summoned and given the background of Jinshi. He has served as a judge in Zhenjiang and Kuizhou, participated in the shogunate of Wang Yan and Fan Chengda, promoted the tea and salt business in Changping and Jiangnan West Road in Fujian, and won the right to be the magistrate in Yanzhou. Guangzong, in addition to the court doctor, does the doctor. After the disintegration, he returned to his hometown of Old Yin Shan. He "mingled with the old peasants", sent doctors and medicines to the peasants, and forged a deep friendship with them. In the second year of Jiading (12 10), an 85-year-old poet passed away with the regret of "wishing he could not see the Central Plains before his death". He was born in an era of sharp ethnic contradictions and critical national situation. He is determined to "sweep away the dust" and "calm down the national disaster" with the heroic spirit of "iron horse conquering Land Rover" and the spirit of sacrifice of "revenge for national subjugation". However, in the political struggle, he was repeatedly excluded and hit by the imperial capitulationists. However, he firmly adhered to his ideal.

He created a lot of works in his life. Today, there are nearly 10,000 songs with a wide range of topics and rich contents. There are also 130 words, and a lot of essays. Among them, the achievements of poetry are the most remarkable. In the early stage, most of them were patriotic poems, which were magnificent and bold. In the later period, most of them were pastoral poems with beautiful and plain style. The most striking feature of his poems is strong patriotism. Most of his poems are elegant and graceful, but there are also many impassioned works full of tragic and patriotic passion. Jin Mao's "Postscript on the Poems of Releasing Weng" said: "Yang Yongxiu (cautiously) said:' The poems of releasing Weng are as beautiful as Huaihai (Qin Guan) and as magnificent as the eastern slope. "It's more like Jiaxuan's ears to be super cool." His prose achievements are also very high, and he was promoted to be a master of the Southern Song Dynasty by his predecessors. Most of the political essays, historical records, travel notes, prefaces and postscripts written are concise in language and orderly in structure.

Lu You is an outstanding representative of patriotic poetry school. His works have strong patriotism and outstanding artistic achievements, and occupy an important position in the history of China literature. He inherited and folded the fine traditions of realism and romanticism in classical poetry, which had a far-reaching influence on the literary world at that time and later.

There are Selected Works of Weinan, Poems of Jiannan, Book of Southern Tang Dynasty, Notes on Old Ann Studies, etc. In this paper, eleven of his poems are selected: You Shan Xi Village, Jianmen Road Encountered with Light Rain, Reading with Illness, Guan Shanyue, Sleeping in Water Village, Book Wrath, The First Twilight of Spring Rain in Lin 'an, Feeling of Going out of the Fence Door to Meet the Cold in Autumn Night (Part Two), The Storm on November 4th and Spring Festival in Lin 'an. His five poems are: Bu Operator (by the broken bridge outside the post), Night Tour Palace (when the snow clears), Confession of Love (when Wan Li is looking for a seal), Queqiao Fairy (when the eaves are quiet) and Hairpin Phoenix (with bare hands); One of his articles: The Story of Traveling to Xiaogushan.

Comments:

Tao Yuanming loves chrysanthemums for the leisure of "picking chrysanthemums under the hedge and seeing Nanshan leisurely"; Zhou Dunyi likes lotus flowers because of the noble purpose of "getting rid of the mud but not dyeing, clearing the ripples but not demon"; Lu You's emphasis on plum blossoms is for the firmness of "the more awe-inspiring the snow, the stronger the integrity in the flowers". This can be confirmed by his Yongmei.

Outside the bridge, the plum blossoms are lonely, no matter what. It's dusk. I'm alone. It's windy and rainy. Plum blossoms don't want to compete for blooming, and the envy and rejection of flowers don't care. Even after autumn, when it is ground into dirt and turned into dust, plum blossoms still emit fragrance as usual.

After reading this poem, I can't help feeling that "the world can worry about one thing, but scholars are helpless." As a great patriotic poet, Lu You has a long-standing patriotic ambition of "mounting a horse to attack Hu Kuang, dismounting and writing a book". At the age of 29, he entered the official career as the top scholar, but he faced not only some capitulationists who betrayed the country and sought glory, but also a respectful and eccentric king. Therefore, facing the reality of poverty and weakness, the poet can only watch the Southern Song Dynasty embark on the road of "taking the land as a service to Qin, constantly carrying firewood to make a fire, and earning endless wages to make a fire". Repeated blows, crowding out and relegation forced the poet to sigh with awe, "Hu is still there, and his temples are autumn first, and his tears are empty." Who can expect that in this life, my heart is in Tianshan and I am always in Cangzhou. " Nevertheless, the poet's feelings of worrying about the country and the people and unconventional moral integrity have not changed at all. Even when it comes to "eating without continuing", because there is no money, the medicine has stopped eating; Because he saved oil, he had no books to read, and even had to reluctantly sell his usual wine glasses. He still stays at the door of power, and he still cares about Ducky and the people. From this, we seem to hear the persistence and firmness of Qu Yuan's "the road is long, and I will go up and down", and also seem to see the depression and heaviness of Du Fu's "worrying about pear orchards in poor years and sighing about intestinal fever". It can be said that "if you live in a high temple, you will worry about the people, and if you are far away, you will worry about the monarch, and you will advance and retreat." It is precisely because of this social background and ideological foundation that when we read Yongmei, we can see the poet's unremitting pursuit more clearly.

The beginning of the poem presents a group of sad scenes. Next to the deserted post station, the post station opens and falls down ... The word "outside" and "side" make it easy for us to appreciate the loneliness of this talented but unappreciated poet. Next, the camera is closer, the boundless dusk is full of deep sadness, and the wind and rain attack each other. There is a tendency not to push the disabled to death and never give up. The word "Geng" not only describes the viciousness, cruelty and hatred of jealousy. At the same time, it also reflects the loyalty of the poet who would rather die than surrender. In this way, by describing the difficult situation of plum blossom, the poet revealed the dark reality that "the wood in the forest is beautiful, the wind will blow, the piles will land, the flow will be turbulent, and people will be wrong if they walk above others". This implies the strong pressure and heavy blow I have suffered politically. Next word, further praise things and aspirations. Isn't "unintentional" and "struggling" the natural expression of the poet's feelings of "being humble and afraid to remember worrying about the country" Isn't it like this plum blossom blooms first, and it doesn't compete for favor early? "Arbitrary" is about Mei's aloof, unconventional, faithful and self-reliant, while "scattered into mud and ground into dust, but the fragrance remains unchanged" means that even if it is turned into mud. Crushed into dust, the fragrance in my heart will not change. This pushed the author's thoughts and feelings to a climax, and strongly expressed the poet's self-esteem, self-love and self-discipline of refusing to follow the crowd and "not regretting his death"

Throughout the poem, the poet uses things to describe people, expresses his ambition, and describes his loyalty with the battered plum blossom with fragrant pollen, just as Yongmei wrote in a poem: "Being out of date and drifting away, shame is more pity for Dong Jun". Lu You wrote patriotic poems with full patriotic enthusiasm, which inspired and inspired generation after generation.

It has snowed in my temple for many years, and my heart is dying.

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Analysis of Lu You's divination operator Yongmei

Outside the bridge, the plum blossoms are lonely, no matter what. Twilight arrival, plum blossom is helpless, already exhausted, but also subject to wind and rain.

Plum blossoms don't want to compete for blooming, and the envy and rejection of flowers don't care. Even after autumn, when it is ground into dirt and turned into dust, plum blossoms still emit fragrance as usual.

Distinguish and appreciate

In this poem of Yongmei, the author chants about things, expressing his lonely and beautiful interest.

The landscape on the surface depicts plum blossoms blooming alone in the wind and rain. Plum blossoms grow in remote "broken bridges outside the post" and "lonely cities without owners". They are not carefully planted by people, but lonely and open. It's dusk, and it's stormy. In this twilight, plum blossoms that stand upright and open alone will inevitably be lonely and helpless, not to mention the harsh environment and the stormy weather. This is really a deep sigh.

The second part is lyric, which mainly describes two virtues of plum blossom. "I have no intention of fighting for spring, and every group of people will be jealous." One of its advantages is that it is not artificial, vain and does not compete with flowers for spring. In the cold winter, it is aloof and open, and its indifference makes it open-minded and jealous! Its second advantage is noble and upright, even if it is reduced to the point of turning mud into dust, its smell is still the same. These words are meaningful. When the author wrote this word, he was demoted for urging the use of troops to resist gold. Therefore, he used "flowers" as a metaphor for a villain in the officialdom at that time, and plum blossoms as a metaphor for his determination to stick to moral integrity despite difficulties.

This poem writes a proud and unyielding plum blossom with a fresh artistic conception, which is a metaphor for a person's perseverance, delicate brushwork and profound meaning. It is the swan song of Yongmei's ci.

Operator Yongmei Mao Zedong was in 196 1 year1February.

Wind and rain send spring home, flying snow welcomes spring. Although the icicles on the cliff are still hanging for miles. There is a sweet flower in it. Joe doesn't fight for spring, he only reports it. When the flowers bloom, she laughs in the bushes.

As the leader of China, Mao Zedong wrote this poem for me, which shows the determination of the people of China, never giving in in a sinister environment, and bravely meeting the challenge until the final victory. Although "it is a cliff full of ice", "there are still beautiful flowers"-China * * * is a plum blossom standing proudly in frost and snow.

In the Song Dynasty, Lin Hejing's poem "Xiaomei in the Mountain Garden" said: "The shadows are shallow, and the dusk floats lightly." This plum blossom is beautiful and elegant, which has entrusted his "wife, Mei He" with the pleasure. Song Kuangye's Plum Blossom in Qing Dynasty: "Before independence, you can only laugh and return to the truth." This plum blossom is extraordinary, which shows that he is aloof from the world. Chen Liang's poem Plum Blossom in Song Dynasty: "One flower changes first, and ten thousand flowers fall behind." This shows the unique taste of plum blossom. Wang Mian's poem "Mo Mei" in Yuan Dynasty: "Don't praise lewdness, just leave the air full of dry Kun." Praise Mei's elegant and noble inner beauty.

By comparing and reading the same point (1), we can see that plum blossoms are not afraid of cold. (2) They all show the characteristics that plum blossoms do not compete with other groups for spring. (3) They all praised the noble character of plum blossom. (4) compare yourself with plum blossoms. The difference is that (1) the image of plum blossom is different: lonely and desolate, devastated, symbolizing the warring factions that have been repeatedly excluded. Mao Zedong: Proud and handsome, positive and optimistic. It symbolizes the indomitable fighting spirit of revolutionaries. (2) Land trip with different emotional tone: low and lonely. Mao Zedong: Positive and optimistic, full of confidence.