Zhang Hongyin's "Longxing View in Yixian County and the Construction of Moral Classics"

Longxingguan site and moral classic building are located in B Street, Yixian County, Hebei Province. The plane of the site is slightly rectangular, and it is a raised abutment. The moral classic building is located on the south side of the site. The surface of the site and surrounding buildings are vegetable fields on B Street. There are only three stone tablets and a cypress in Longxingguan site. In the eighth year of the Ming Dynasty, the stone tablet stood face to face, its height was not buried, and it was made of white marble. The inscription on the east side reads "Yizhou rebuilds longxing temple's inscription", the first inscription reads "Daming Baoding Mansion Yizhou rebuilds the abbot Geng Jingshun's inscription", and the last inscription reads "Zhang Tongwei, Chen Daoxing, Wu Jingsheng and other disciples of Xinmao Temple Law at that time"; The monument is engraved with the "Permanent Production Map of longxing temple Sect", which shows the overall architectural layout and four areas of longxing temple in the Ming Dynasty in a schematic way (Figure 2). In the west, there is a seal script "Rebuilding the Gongxing Monument of Longxingguan Guan Gong Xing". The first title of the monument is "Rebuilding the Gongxing Monument of Su Chun, the master of Wuxuan in Longxingguan Guan", and the name of the master of merit is engraved on the monument. On the north side of Ertongming Monument stands an ancient cypress, which is flourishing. There is a stone tablet under the tree on the north side, with a semi-circular head, a pedestal and a semi-monument not buried. The original inscription reads "The Zongzhi of Longxing Pass in Dayuan Yizhou has been continuously produced and recorded". The first sentence of the inscription reads "The Zhengzhi of Longxing Pass" and the end is "Built on the third day of June 11th". Longxing temple, Yizhou, founded in the second year of Tang Jinglong, is one of the famous places for Taoist activities in the north of Tang Dynasty. After the Song, Yuan and Ming Dynasties, it was revived and abolished. According to the existing Yuanbei records, during the eleven years from Yuan Dynasty to Yuan Dynasty, the buildings in Longxingguan were "one main hall, one Fahuang hall, one Lingguan hall, three warehouses, five East-West Yuntang halls, three abbots, three Western pagodas, more than ten East-West rooms, three cinemas and one mountain gate". In the layout of longxing temple in Ming Dynasty, there are Dejing Building, Shifen Hall, Left and Right Stone Temple, Zhenguan Hall, Sanqing Hall and East and West Abbots in the middle, followed by Jade Emperor Hall. The layout of longxing temple in Ming Dynasty was slightly smaller than that in Yuan Dynasty, but it followed the traditional central axis architectural layout in China. Until the 23 rd year of the Republic of China, "the temple wall was still half-hidden, with faint paint marks." There are still painted walls between Wenguang and Xuanguang ... but there are more than a dozen stone tablets standing in the broken foundation with Cooper and locust tree. "Thus, longxing temple should be abolished in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China. Now there are three monuments on the first floor, which seems to be only a small part of the original monument in the view. According to historical records such as Visit to Monument in Shanggu, Visit to Monument in the World, Catalogue of Monuments in yi county, and Records of Yixian County, Longxingguan once had a monument in the second year of Datang Jinglong, a monument in the second year of Tang Jingfu (the monument in the second year of Jingfu) and a fragrance in Longxingguan.

Both the Records of the Regular Production of Longxing Guanzong Branch in Dayuan Yizhou and the Map of the Regular Production of Longxing Guanzong Branch in Ming Dynasty describe in detail the building scale, layout, land nature and the situation in the east, west, south and north of Longxing Guanzong Branch at that time. There is an important reason here. The former longxing temple is located in the south of the county seat, with houses in the north, city walls in the south and cultivated land in the east and west. Therefore, for the sake of land boundaries, disputes and entanglements with surrounding villagers continue. In order to protect the property and interests of Longxingguan, and to make the lawsuit always safe, the principal of Longxingguan specially listed the permanent properties of Longxingguan's real estate and garden, as well as Shi Tian's inheritance relationship in Longxingguan for 30 generations, or listed it with charts, words and figures, and asked the magistrate of a county to notarize it. Huachi, a great scholar in Yizhou in Yuan Dynasty, was transferred by Kelmu, the former governor of Henan Province. He is a clean and honest official with strict management. In order to safeguard the interests of Longxingguan, he never stopped arguing, so he ordered a stone to be carved for the villagers to see. There is a lack of words here, mainly about the words on the tablet. The stone lotus base at the top of the building is the same size as the building base, which is the top of the building. The roof of the building was carved from a huge blue stone, which was already incomplete. It is the shape of the palace roof, and it is octagonal, which matches the shape of the building. Carve eight ridges from eight flat tops, tile ridges between ridges, cornices, cornices and rafters, and there is a bucket arch support under the corner beam. The whole building is elegant, simple and elegant, and the roof of the palace is a precious material for studying the architecture of the Tang Dynasty.

The Daojing Building is not an old thing of longxing temple. According to the World Monument, the Dejing Building in yi county was erected in Kaiyuan Temple in the west of the city in the 26th year of Tang Kaiyuan, and the avenue in the Southern Song Dynasty was moved from Zhang Xiaoxiang, the magistrate, to the government in the 5th year, which is its present position. Some scholars believe that Zhang Xiaoxiang, the magistrate, moved the Beijing government from Kaiyuan Temple in the west of the city to Fuzhi in the fifth year of the Southern Song Dynasty, and then moved it to Longxingguan (the present site) at an unknown time. In this way, the building has been moved twice. But this seems to be inaccurate. The existing stele "Continuous Records of General Branch Production in Longxing, Yiyuan and Dayuan" records that the classic building "longxing temple" was only built in the Yuan Dynasty to the 11th year. As can be seen from the stele "The General Branch Production Map of Longxingguan" in the 8th year of Ming Dynasty, the classic building has been erected in the south of Longxingguanshi Hall, and its position has been further determined. In the twelfth year of Tongzhi reign in Qing Dynasty, the midnight gale caused the building to fall to the southeast, and the roof (that is, the roof) was thrown three feet away. That winter, it is well known that Zhao Liewen in Yizhou organized residents to build pavilions and rebuilt them the following year. When the classic building was erected, somehow the upper and lower piers of the classic building were connected in the wrong position, and the first one of the upper blocks was facing the eighth side of the lower block, which made people who saw the classic building for the first time feel puzzled and sorry. In addition, it is not normal for the upper part of the building to directly support the roof of the temple. According to experts' speculation, there should be other components connected in the middle, or the components may be damaged or lost during reconstruction after strong wind blows down.

The classic building is carved with 5,000 words, and the font is vigorous, elegant, round and beautiful, which is a masterpiece of calligraphy in the Tang Dynasty. But I looked for the building everywhere and couldn't find the name of the book. According to Weng Fanggang's inscription on classic architecture, "The Classic of Tao Te Ching was written by Su Lingzhi, so no one can write it ...", and by comparing the writing styles of Ode to Yizhou Iron Statue and Monument to a Dream written by Su Lingzhi in Yixian and Monument to Tian Gongde Politics written in Lianchi, Baoding, the classic architecture was indeed written by Su Lingzhi. Su Lingzhi (date of birth and death unknown), a native of Wugong (now Wugong County, Shaanxi Province), was a calligrapher in the Tang Dynasty. When Emperor Xuanzong was in the Tang Dynasty, he was a clerk in Yizhou before Deng left. His calligraphy is a masterpiece of the two kings (), Yu (Shinan) and other philosophers, and it is as famous as Hu,, and has a certain influence on later generations. Ouyang Xiu, a writer and epitaph in Song Dynasty, once praised him as an epitaph in Tang Dynasty.

Li, the ruler of the Tang Dynasty, shared the same surname as Lao Zi (Kun Li), respected Lao Zi as his ancestor and governed the people with Lao Zi's thought of "governing by doing nothing". When Emperor Gaozong worshipped Lao Zi as Yuan Di, Taoist worship reached its peak in Xuanzong period. In the 21st year of Kaiyuan, Xuanzong personally annotated Laozi's Tao Te Ching and awarded it to the whole country, and ordered that "scholars should keep a copy at home to persuade them to study and make them know what they mean". And ordered the counties to engrave moral classics for people to read. Yi County's "Xuanzong Yu Zhu De Jing Lou" was carved under such circumstances. Laozi's Tao Te Ching has many versions. According to Meng's Yi County Monument: "According to the stone inscription in Tao Te Ching, there are six people living in the world-Jinglong, Suzhu (Tao Te Ching Lou), Xing Zhou, Guangming, Jingfu, Zhou Zhi, ... and easily ranked third." That is, Tang Jing Longlong Xing Taoist Classic Monument, Tang Jingfu Two-year Taoist Classic Monument and this Xuanzong Imperial Moral Classic Building, the first two monuments no longer exist. Before the first and second editions of Laozi unearthed from Mawangdui Tomb No.3 in Changsha, Hunan Province, the Building of the Moral Classics of Yixian was an important material for collating Laozi's Moral Classics. During the Republic of China, the Beijing Building was surrounded by four walls. After the founding of New China, the city walls collapsed and only the worship building was erected. (1985, Hebei Provincial Cultural Relics Bureau allocated special funds to build a hexagonal protection pavilion. Recently, with the approval of the national and provincial cultural relics authorities, the Dejing Building has been strengthened, corrected and protected, and the dislocated blocks of the pier on the Dejing Building have also been adjusted and corrected in situ. The design of the original protection pavilion is unreasonable, and the pavilion is low, which affects the overall vision of the classic building. Hebei Institute of Ancient Architecture Protection redesigned and built a new protection pavilion, which was changed from hexagon to quadrilateral. The volume is obviously increased, which increases the appreciation and artistry, and plays an "effective protection" role for classic buildings. Longxingguan site and moral classic buildings have high historical value, academic research value and calligraphy value. They are among the few classic buildings in Tang Dynasty in China. It has always been highly praised by stone, calligraphy and religious circles, and/kloc-0 was announced as a national key cultural relic protection unit by the State Council in 1996.