Zhu Wealth _ Zhu Tan Eight Characters

What anecdotes and allusions does Zhu have?

Not ambitious.

Zhu was born in a Confucian family, and his father Zhu Song attached great importance to Zhu's education. The legend in the History of the Song Dynasty goes like this: "Xi is young and ignorant, but he can speak. His father pointed to heaven and said,' Heaven is also heaven', and Xi said,' What is heaven?' "This legend shows that Zhu was a curious person since he was a child. Because Zhu Song is a Confucian scholar who grew up under the education of Confucianism, his requirements for his son are naturally carried out in accordance with the goal of being a saint in Confucianism. He himself recalled: "When I was ten years old, I read Mencius and liked saints like me." From then on, I decided to be a saint. Later, he taught his students that "mortals should take the responsibility of saints".

Serial clever questions

Zhu was taught by his father since childhood, and he was smart and imaginative. At the age of four, his father Zhu Song pointed to the sun and said, "Today is also." Zhu asked, "what is attached to the sky?" Zhu Song replied: "Connected to the sky?" Zhu asked again, "What is attached to the sky?" Zhu Song, who asked in one sentence, was surprised.

Be honest and observe people's feelings.

11In the autumn of' 67, there was a big flood in Chong 'an, Fujian, and the court sent him to inspect the disaster. He traveled all over the valleys of Chong 'an. During his inspection, Zhu found that "meat eaters are indifferent to the people and it is difficult to make things clear." He said: "If this knowledge is unknown, there is absolutely nothing to do in the world." Due to the serious disaster and lack of food, local officials did not seriously provide relief. The following year, there was a riot of hungry people in Chong 'an. At this time, Zhu and Zhuge Tingrui, the magistrate of a county, jointly launched a local tyrant's appeal to save the hungry people with Tibetan millet, and he also asked the court to "welcome 600 yuan for relief", which quelled the riots of the hungry people. Therefore, Zhu came up with a way to establish a "social warehouse" and suggested that it should be widely implemented by the imperial court as a system to solve the problem of farmers' rations when the green and yellow are not connected. He stipulated that the task of "Shecang" was to lend grain to farmers when the crops failed, and the general interest rate was 20%, so as to lend usury from Hao Min. The interest rate can be halved if you are hungry, and interest-free if you are hungry. Of course, the biggest advantage of setting up a social warehouse is that it can prevent farmers from rioting. Therefore, in 1 17 1 year, Zhu launched the "five-husband social warehouse" in his hometown as a pilot, and consulted the court, suggesting that it be implemented nationwide according to its methods. Because this law is unfavorable to bureaucratic landlords and usurers, it has not been widely implemented, and only a few places such as Jianyang in Fujian and Jinhua in Zhejiang have implemented this measure.

On ehu theory

In the Southern Song Dynasty, Lu Jiuyuan was also a famous figure. Lu Jiuyuan is also 9 years younger than Zhu. Their academic goals are basically the same, but their ways of thinking and understanding are quite different. From the philosophical point of view, Zhu and Lu are two different schools of Neo-Confucianism in the Southern Song Dynasty. Because of different views, the two schools have had a long-term debate on academic issues. The debate between Zhu and Lu is mainly through correspondence, and the Goose Lake Conference is an exception.

In the second year (1 175), in order to reconcile the differences between Zhu and Lu, another famous scholar invited four or five brothers, Zhu, Lu Jiuyuan and Lu Jiuling, to get together at the Ehu Temple in Xinzhou (now lead mountain county, Jiangxi province), and the main topic of discussion was "learning from foreigners". This is the famous "Goose Lake Conference" in the academic history of China. Five years later (1 180), Lu Jiuyuan visited Zhu in Bailudong Academy and asked him to write an epitaph for his younger brother Lu Jiuling. They hit it off as soon as they met. They were very friendly and admired each other. Zhu not only accepted Lu's request, but also invited Lu Jiuyuan to the academy to give lectures to teachers and students. Lu also readily agreed that his topic was to explain the chapter of The Analects of Confucius. The audience was deeply moved and left a good impression on teachers and students. This incident shows that although Zhu and Lu have different views, they both have a generous gentleman's demeanor in academic exchanges and attitudes towards people.

Zhang Zhu will speak.

Zhang Wei, the word Jingfu, studied under Hu Hong. He has his own specialty and is called Huxiang School. Zhu has long admired him. Zhu He held the most famous lecture in China's academic and educational history-Zhu Lecture, which was the first such lecture. The discussion between the two men began with the theory of Taiji, and finally tended to be consistent. Zhu and Zhang will give a speech at Yuelu Academy, and thousands of people will come from all over the world to listen. In the lecture hall of Yuelu Academy, Zhu Shoushu was "loyal, filial and frugal" and was later regarded as the school motto by the Academy. Two months after giving lectures in Yuelu, Zhu accompanied Zhang Qian to Hengshan Mountain in Nanyue. During the tour, the endless scenery in front of them affected their poetry from time to time, and they sang while visiting. After a few days, they got a total of 149 poems, which were co-edited as "Nanyue Singing Appreciation Collection". It's 180 miles from Gong Yue to Danzhou. Before leaving, Zhu He discussed controversial issues. They were on the boat day and night, discussing the meaning of the golden mean, and didn't sleep for three days and nights. After Zhu broke up with Zhang Qian, he returned to the East with his disciples Fan Niande and Lin Zezhi, and took turns to change chorus all the way.

According to legend, Zhu Song once asked someone to tell a fortune.

The fortune teller said, "Richness is also expensive. Giving birth to a child is Confucius. " This is a fact, and I am afraid that future generations will attach importance to it. Zhu has become a great scholar. There is a Nanjian House near Jianyang (later Yanping House, now Nanping City), which is the original spreading center of Taoism in the south. Zhu is keen on Taoism and has close contacts with local Taoists. This environment had a profound impact on Zhu's life. He inherited the theory of Dong Li, a branch of Luoxue at that time, and created the representative work of Neo-Confucianism, Fujian Studies, which, together with Mr. Nan Jiansan, was called "the four sages of Yanping". Zhu was taught by his father since childhood and was brilliant. At the age of four, my father pointed to the sky and said, "This is the sky." Zhu asked, "What's in the sky?" His father was frightened. He is diligent in thinking and learning. At the age of eight, he could read the Book of Filial Piety. He wrote an inscription in the book saying, "If it is not, it is not human." Zhu's father died when he was ten years old. His father's friends Liu Zi, Liu Mianzi and Hu Xian were all Taoist priests. At that time, some Taoists rejected Buddhism and some were obsessed with learning Buddhism. They all belong to the latter. Therefore, Zhu is not only keen on Taoism, but also interested in Buddhism. In the seventeenth year of Shaoxing (1 147), 18-year-old Zhu took part in rural tribute. It is said that he was admitted with the theory of Buddhism and Zen. Examiner Cai Zi also said to people: "In my next life, all three strategies want to handle important matters for the court, and the future is very special."

Zhu he

In the Southern Song Dynasty, when Zhu was young, he passed through Putian from Jianyang to Tongan County, Quanzhou, and met him in Jiakuang Caotang. Zheng Qiao, who is in his fifties, is very polite to him. During the dinner, there was only a dish of ginger and a dish of salt on the table. When Zhu An saw it, he was secretly unhappy. Zhu took out a manuscript, please revise it. Zheng Qiao respectfully took it and put it on the table. Then, he lit a wick and suddenly there was a different smell in the room. At this time, just a gust of mountain wind blew out of the window, and the manuscript was opened page by page. Zheng Qiao stood motionless, as if blown down by the breeze. When the wind passed, he slowly turned around and returned the manuscript to Zhu. The two talked heart-to-heart for three days and nights. Zhu was very happy and specially wrote a pair of couplets to express his gratitude. The joint sentence is: clouds will know bamboo, and mountains will be glorious.

After Zhu left the thatched cottage, he walked to the place where he dismounted last time. His buddhist nun said discontentedly, "What kind of saint is this old man? He is too rude to Xianggong. No wine, no vegetables, only a plate of ginger and a plate of salt, thanks to him. " Zhu said, "Isn't that salt only found in the sea? Isn't that ginger only found in the mountains? Everything you do in the mountains and seas is a big gift! "

Buddhist nun: "Xianggong's manuscript, he doesn't even read it ..." Zhu: "Didn't you see it? When I sent him a manuscript, he specially lit a wick incense and was very respectful to me; When Feng opened the page, he finished reading the manuscript. He told me a lot of good ideas, and he can recite the original sentence in the manuscript, which is admirable. " Buddhist nun: "Xianggong came all the way to see him. But when he left today, he didn't even give a ride. "

Zhu Tao said, "I sent it to the gate of the thatched cottage, and I have already paid my respects. An inch of time and an inch of gold, we scholars, every minute is precious. "

Just then, there was a loud noise in the grass ahead, and a five-colored pheasant flew overhead. Two people couldn't help looking back, but see Zheng Qiao still standing in front of the thatched cottage in the distance, maintained the original posture of fujian, holding a book. Zhu smiled and said, "Look, he is still standing at the door, not forgetting to study. He is really a saint. "

Trace back to his poems.

Zhu has a foot disease, and once a quack came to treat him. After acupuncture, Old Master Q felt that his legs and feet were lighter. Zhu was very happy and gave the Taoist a poem: "I walked on a thin bamboo for many years, but I didn't expect acupuncture to be really magical." The child who threw the crutches out laughed. Is this the old man who used to crawl? The Taoist priest took Zhu's poems and left. "。 A few days later, Zhu's foot disease recurred, and it was more serious than before acupuncture. I quickly sent someone to chase the Taoist priest, and I don't know where I fled. Zhu sighed: "I don't want to punish him, I just want to get back the poem I gave him, so as not to make a bluff and miss the treatment of others." " [24]