? Counting warlords of the Republic of China with wives and concubines: concubinage phenomenon in the Republic of China

China has a long tradition of polygamy. Since the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, this form of marriage has been stipulated in the form of a system. Polygamy is mainly practiced among slave owners, nobles and bureaucrats. Of course, they can play with female slaves at will, but that has nothing to do with marriage. Female slaves are not even concubines, but tools for men to vent and abandon.

After the founding of the Republic of China, customs changed, and all walks of life gradually implemented "monogamy." We can notice a phenomenon that "monogamy" has been successfully implemented among intellectuals, cultural circles and civil servants. But in the Republic of China, those warlords still used their guns to collect beautiful women from all over the world and stubbornly adhered to the "wife and concubine system." For example, Yuan Shikai has a wife and concubine, room10; Cao Kun has four wives and four concubines; Duan has seven wives; Zhang has six wives; Yang Sen has a wife and concubine in room 12; "Three No Generals" Zhang Zongchang has 24 wives and concubines. These warlords, with their wives and concubines, became peculiar freaks in the Republic of China. Therefore, Beiyang * * * also became the shortest-lived regime in history.

First, Zhang Zongchang.

Zhang Zongchang is the leader of the Bong warlord. He has many nicknames, the most famous of which is "three unknown generals", which means "I don't know how many soldiers there are, how much money there is, and how much my aunt knows." According to reliable evidence, Zhang Yisheng has 24 wives.

There are not many wives and concubines in Room 24, but General Zhang is very busy. Sometimes these wives and concubines are surnamed Zhang and Li, and even Zhang Zongchang herself is at a loss. Therefore, he often simply calls them by number or place of origin, such as "Aunt No.24", "Lady Suzhou" and "Lady Hangzhou" who live in Fengtian. He also has some foreign little wives, such as "Mrs. Belarus" and "Mrs. Koryo".

The wives and concubines in room 24 are not the common people who are spoiled by him. Zhang Zongchang is a womanizer. According to the newspaper at that time, wherever he went, "I met a woman on the road, just grabbed her and got on the bus to leave, and let her go in a few days." Countless female students and aristocratic families have been ravaged by them. This city has become a city of terror. 」

Second, Yang Sen.

Yang Sen is a famous general of Sichuan Army. Second-class general of the National Revolutionary Army, chairman of Guizhou Province. Among * * * warlords, Yang Sen is famous for his numerous wives and concubines, with 12 wives and 43 children. His absurd and deformed marriage is particularly eye-catching and has always been shrouded in eternal mystery in the world.

Yang Sen's fifth aunt's name is Chopin Joan. Her father was Yang Sen's secretary when he was the head of Yunnan Army, and he was a typical military scholar. On one occasion, Fu Xiao took her daughter to attend Yang Sen's family dinner. When toasting, Yang Sen's eyes lit up, touching Chopin's head like an elder, and sighed, "I haven't seen you for several years. The little girl has grown so big that she looks very thoughtful. When a subordinate who is good at buttering up others caught a glimpse of this scene, he encouraged the Xiao family to persuade their daughter to marry Yang Sen. ..

If the above is "taken away by accident", then Mrs. Liu and Mrs. Chen Shunrong are "taken away by force". Chen Shunrong was originally the personal maid of Third Aunt Liu Jiafang. She 15 years old. She was raped by Yang Sen after drinking and later became a concubine. Chen Shunrong is from Guangdong. Because of his language and personality, he is timid and not good at trying. He is the least popular among Yang Sen's "Twelve Chains". If you are not careful, Yang Sen will smash you into pieces. He was mentally ill and died in Chongqing.

Third, Yuan Shikai.

Yuan Shikai is one of the most controversial figures in China's modern history. Some people say that he is a "* * *" and a "national thief", while others think that he has contributed to the modernization of China and is a real reformer. Apart from these, there should be no dispute about how many wives he has.

Yuan Shikai was not only a political and military hero in that turbulent era, but also an emotional hero. He is a veritable harem, with one wife and nine concubines. He is a perfect wife and concubine family.

Among 10 wives, Yuan Shikai's favorite is his aunt and his fifth aunt.

My aunt is a famous prostitute in Suzhou, surnamed Shen, who was Yuan Shikai's confidante before she made her fortune. She has always encouraged Yuan Shikai not to indulge in gentle villages, but to be a great man with lofty aspirations. This awakened Yuan's dream many years ago, so he left Shen Shi to join the Huai Army and began to make contributions. Shen Shi redeemed it out of his own pocket, waiting for Yuan to get married. After Yuan's success, he was infatuated with Shen Shi, and decided to marry him regardless of his birth.

Young, five aunts, neither beautiful nor beautiful, but Wang Xifeng in a dream of red mansions, smart, clever and handy. Yuan Shikai has a skill in internal treatment, stipulating that the aunt who enters the door after the entrance should obey the discipline of the aunt who enters the advanced door, which is divided into two major sequences. Aunt disciplined the second, third and fourth aunts, and Yang disciplined the sixth, eighth and ninth aunts (the seventh aunt died young). Because Yang's housekeeper has too much power, Yang takes care of the whole from top to bottom, whether it's her aunt or her children and grandchildren. He respects and fears his fifth aunt, which makes Yuan Shikai worry a lot.

One wife and nine concubines, son 17, daughter 15. 17 sons gave birth to 22 grandchildren and 25 granddaughters for Yuan Shikai, bringing the total number of children and grandchildren to 79.

Fourth, paragraph.

Duan was the leader of the Anhui warlord and served as the prime minister of Anhui for three times. Duan had seven concubines in his life, and the number was not small. However, compared with Yuan Shikai who cleared the way before the red flag and waved the flag after the colorful flag, Duan really fell into the problem of his own concubines.

Duan is not the kind of man who lies at his wife's feet, and he is impatient with his wife's management. With his connivance, my aunt dresses up beautifully every day, visiting theaters, soaking in teahouses and rolling the streets. What makes Duan feel even worse is that an aunt and her son Duan Hongye * * *.

Because it was really impossible to manage the harem, Duan simply released the concubines, restored their freedom, and only guarded Zhang He, and finally died in Shanghai.

Related reading:

1, the phenomenon of concubinage in the Republic of China.

During the Republic of China, especially after the May 4th New Culture Movement, women's rights were put forward and equality between men and women was advocated, and monogamy was really implemented and written into the marriage law. This is a great progress in China's marriage system. During the period of the Republic of China, many men seriously observed and implemented it, such as Sun Yat-sen and Chiang Kai-shek, who all had only one wife.

If a man really likes another woman in the Republic of China, he can divorce his original match, but he can't get married without divorce, otherwise he will commit bigamy. Sun Yat-sen and Chiang Kai-shek divorced their ex-wives before marrying Soong Ching Ling and Song Meiling respectively.

However, we can see from celebrity biographies and film and television works that most men in the Republic of China had more than one woman around them. It was common to marry a third or fifth wife in the Republic of China, and some even owned dozens of rooms. This is a unique "concubine" phenomenon in the Republic of China.

In view of this, Lin Sen, former chairman of the National People's Congress, wrote "No one is allowed to sit with aunt" on the stone bench donated by Lushan Road, which became a joke for a while.

The Republic of China is a society that advocates "civilized marriage" and the rule of law. Since the Marriage Law recognizes that the Republic of China is monogamous, why is there such "violation of law and discipline"? The original problem lies in the legal provisions of the Republic of China, and the "judicial interpretation" and actual judgment of the Republic of China actually acquiesced in the legality of concubinage.

2. Judicial interpretation of marriage in the Republic of China, 40 wives and concubines in Fan Shaozeng.

In the Republic of China 19 (1930) and 65438+February, the National People's Congress * * * promulgated the Civil Law Family Law, which came into effect in May of the following year, aiming at marriage and family.

At that time, the legislative principle of the Central Political Conference was, "Don't take concubines". He also believes that "the concubine system needs to be abolished urgently. Although there are still some in fact, the law does not allow it to be recognized, and its status does not need to be stipulated by codes and special laws." 」

As early as the 17th year of the Republic of China (1928), on February 24th, 1928, Hu, then the Legislative Yuan, publicly promised to the Women's Federation in his speech: "The personality of women in China will be improved and guaranteed by the ideas of our Party and the legislation of our hospital. 」

In the spirit of this legislation, Kinship Edition abolished the "concubine system" and no longer stipulated the relationship between concubines and wives and their status in the family. "Concubine", which has existed in the married life of men in China for thousands of years and is loved by men, has completely disappeared from the law. This move had a great influence at that time, because of the "new" and serious social differences.

Some scholars believe that the abolition of concubines is intended to protect monogamy; Some people think that this has laid the groundwork for concubines to fight for power and profit, and it is a signal to advocate "equality between wives and concubines". At that time, newspapers all over the country had a big discussion about it, which affected all walks of life in the Republic of China.

The original intention of marriage legislation in the Republic of China was obviously to protect monogamy, but it changed in actual judicial operation:

"No.7 of Interpretation of Twenty Years' Courtyard Word" said: "Concubine is not a marriage, so there is no bigamy. 」

Interpretation No.735 of the word "Twenty Years of Courtyard" stipulates: "Although concubines are not stipulated in the current civil law, since concubines live with their parents for the purpose of permanent public life, they should be regarded as family members according to item 3 of Article 1 123 of the civil law."

Case No.636 in the 22nd year of Shangzi said: "According to the civil law, relatives have no concubines. Relatives after the implementation of the civil law ... if there is similar behavior, it is adultery, and the wife asks for a divorce ... If a wife explicitly approves or acquiesces to take a concubine, it should not be regarded as a wife asking for a divorce. "

These judicial interpretations can be said to be a serious violation of the principle of "monogamy": men's concubinage is not bigamy, but an act of "adultery", which is at most a moral issue. This is similar to the current judicial definition, extramarital affairs and raising a mistress belong to "style problems."

Therefore, monogamy in the Republic of China actually existed in name only, and the legislative desire to improve women's rights was greatly weakened. Men in the Republic of China were quite free to find little wives, more powerful than ancient men.

In ancient times, men's concubinage was stipulated in writing and was restricted by their status. For example, in the Western Jin Dynasty, the law stipulated that the king could take concubinage eight times, the prince could take concubinage six times, the first and second-class officials could take concubinage four times, the third and fourth-class officials could take concubinage three times, the fifth and sixth-class officials could take concubinage twice, and the seventh and eighth-class officials could only take concubinage 65,438+0 times, and ordinary people were not allowed to take concubinage.

In the Republic of China, there was no such level restriction. If you want to ask how many little wives a man can find at most during the Republic of China? The answer is: as much as you want, as long as you have the conditions. In the Republic of China, there was a general named Fan Shaozeng who married 40 wives. At that time, Yang Xiuqiong, a famous swimmer and mermaid, was Fan Shaozeng's concubine in room 18.

The difference is that the "concubine" in the Republic of China was not called a concubine, but became a man's "family" and was called "concubine" in a unified and decent way.