Who can tell me the details of Liu An?

Liu An (BC 179- BC 122) is the grandson of Liu Bang, the emperor of the Han Dynasty, and the son of Wang Changlu, a native of Huainan. In the eighth year of Emperor Wendi (BC 172), Liu Chang was deposed from the throne and died of hunger strike during his journey. In the 16th year of Emperor Wendi (BC 164), Emperor Wendi divided the original Huainan State into three letters and gave them to the Liu An brothers. Liu An was named the eldest son of Huainan Wang at the age of sixteen. He is quick-thinking, good at reading, good at writing and willing to play the piano. He was a famous thinker and writer in the Western Han Dynasty. Li Sao, written by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, was the earliest work that China praised Qu Yuan and Li Sao. He once "invited thousands of guests to practise" and wrote Lie Hong (later called Huainan Lie Hong or Huainan Zi). Liu An was the first practitioner in the world who tried to take off a hot air balloon. He drained the eggs and burned them with moxa to get hot air, so that the eggshells floated. Liu An is the founder of China Tofu.

Liu Bang, the ancestor of the Han Dynasty, had eight sons, and Liu An's father Chang Lu was his seventh son. In 202 BC, after Xiang Yu, the overlord of the Western Chu Dynasty, was defeated, Liu Bang was persuaded by Chu kings such as Han Xin, Han Wangxin, Huainan Ying Bu, Liang Pengyue, Hengshan Wu Rui, Zhao Zhang 'ao and Zang Fei, and changed from "Hanwang" to "Emperor" of the Han Dynasty, completing the historic transformation from Qin to Han. After the establishment of the Han Dynasty, the contradiction between the central government and the governors in the Western Han Dynasty quickly surfaced, and the governors rose up and rebelled. In July 196 BC, Ying Bu, king of Huainan, led an army to crusade against Korea, and Liu Bang, an old and frail man, led an army to crusade against Korea, and finally defeated Ying Bu. Since then, in a series of counter-insurgency wars against princes, Liu Bang has learned a "lesson"-the key reason why princes betray the central government is that they are not surnamed Liu. Therefore, Liu Bang began to enfeoffment his ministers to Liu's imperial clan children. By the time he died in BC 195, Liu's nine children had all been made princes, of whom "took over" Ying Bu's "Ban" and was made king of Huainan by his father. Huainan country * * * owns Jiujiang? Liu an

Hengshan, Lujiang and Zhang Yu are all in Shouchun, which is today's Shouxian County. ? However, the later historical development shows that this "experience and lesson" summarized by Liu Bang is really ridiculous. And Liu personally canonized the children of the prince, and soon embarked on the old road of Ying Bu and other courting princes with full wings and expanding power. They not only "cross states and counties, but also have dozens of cities, and all officials in the palace share the same capital", and even openly compete with the court. Not long after Wendi ascended the throne, Liu Xingju, king of Jibei, sent troops to rebel. In BC 174, Liu Chang, the king of Huainan, who was regarded as a brotherly gift by China Emperor Liu Heng, also rebelled. ? Liu Chang's biological mother, Evonne, is the concubine of Wang Zhao Zhang Ao. Liu Bang attacked Han Xin, passed by Zhao Shi, gave it to Liu Bang, and became pregnant after having sex with Liu Bang. Later, Zhang Ao rebelled and was arrested for his involvement. After giving birth to Liu Chang, she committed suicide. In this context, Liu Chang has developed abnormal psychology since childhood. After being the king of Huainan, he developed this abnormal psychology to the extreme and was always arrogant. By the time Emperor Wen arrived, most of Liu Bang's sons had died, leaving only Emperor Wen and Liu Chang. Therefore, Liu Chang was arrogant and ignored all kinds of laws and regulations of the imperial court. For example, because he resented Minister Bi Yanghou for not defending his biological mother Evonne, he even killed Bi Yanghou with an iron cone hidden in his sleeve. Liu Chang not only didn't use the Chinese method in Huainan, but also personally appointed officials at all levels, Xiao Huai? Liu an

South China became a "paradise" that was not ruled by the Han Dynasty. ? BC 174, secretly sent people to collude with Qi Wang and others, and planned to unite Fujian, Vietnam and Xiongnu to revolt. Obviously, it is not easy for a "dude" like Chang Lu to achieve something great. His plot was soon discovered by the court, and he himself was arrested in the capital. Out of brotherhood, Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty did not punish Liu Changji according to law, but exiled him to Shu County. Liu Chang died of hunger strike on the way to be sent. He is only 25 years old. After his death, he was named Wang Li of Huainan. After Liu Chang's death, Huainan was abolished and put under the central management. ? Two years later, Wendi remembered his younger brother Liu Chang who committed suicide. The more he thought about it, the more incredible he felt, so he ordered Liu Chang's four sons, who were only seven or eight years old, to be sealed. By 164 BC, Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty issued an imperial edict, which divided the original Huainan Kingdom into three parts (Huainan, Hengshan and Lujiang) and gave them to Liu Chang's three sons (with 1 patient), among whom Liu An, the eldest son, inherited his father's title and became the king of Huainan. ? Liu Anhao likes reading drums and playing the piano. He doesn't like riding hounds and horses. He devoted himself to governing the country and keeping the country safe, writing books and saying things. Liu An loves Xian, is a corporal of courtesy Xian, and Shouchun, the capital of Huainan, has become a cultural center where scholars gather. Liu An and other officials wrote Huainan Zi (also known as Huainan Lie Hong). Huainanzi has an inner chapter of 2 1 and an outer chapter of 33, with more than 220,000 words in Tao Xun. He also wrote 82 poems, 44 poems by princes, 4 poems by Huainan, and 19 volumes of Huainan miscellaneous stars and 10,000 books by Huainan. It covers political science, philosophy, ethics, history, literature, economics, physics, chemistry, astronomy, geography, agricultural water conservancy, medical health and other fields. These works embody Taoist thought. There is a record in Huainan Wanbi Book that "Zeng Qing changed iron into copper". According to textual research, "Zeng Qing" refers to copper compounds, and some scientists think it is patina, and there are different opinions. ? Huang Bai, Liu An's good skill, called Jianghu Taoists, Confucian scholars, practitioners, alchemists and alchemists. The most famous ones are Su Fei, Li Shang, Tian You, Baylor, Wu Bei, Jinchang, Maobei and Zuo Wu, who are known as "Bagong". They built an alchemy furnace in the north of Shouchun Mountain and occasionally made tofu. Liu An was honored as the originator of tofu, hence the name Bagong Mountain. ? Liu An's thought of governing the country is "governing by doing nothing", which improves the Taoist thought, does not follow the first law and the old rules, and follows the laws of nature to formulate a series of policies to encourage production with light punishment, make good use of talents, and show compassion for the people, thus making Huainan a scene of peace and prosperity. Although Liu An's policy of governing the country was supported by the people, in that era when Confucianism dominated, his Taoist thoughts were repeatedly vilified. In the first year of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty (BC 122), Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty sent troops to Huainan on the charge of Liu An's "marrying guests, obeying people and rebelling", and Liu An was forced to commit suicide. ? Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty greatly appreciated Liu An's talent, but his ruling thought of "ousting a hundred schools of thought and worshiping Confucianism alone" was completely different from the Taoist theory of "governing by doing nothing" advocated by Liu An, and the death of his father Liu Chang became a "dead knot" in Liu An's mind. As a result, Liu An has been holding "academic discussions" with a wide audience, and at the same time, it is constantly accumulating strength to prepare for the rebellion one day. However, like his father, Liu An's rebellion has not been implemented, and it has come to an end because of the complaint of Baylor, a public guest, and the informer of Wu Bei and his grandson Liu Jian. ? Among the thousands of visitors recruited in Lu 'an, eight are the most talented. They are Su Fei, Li Shang, Zuo Wu, Chen You, Wu Bei, Mao Zhou, Baylor and Jinchang. These eight people are called "Eight Heroes" of Huainan royal family. Among them, Baylor is a swordsman with exquisite fencing. In the battle for Huainan's money, he accidentally hit it and angered the prince. Later, he was forced to stay in Huainan. Baylor then asked Liu An to follow the general Wei Qing to fight the Huns. Unexpectedly, hearing this, Liu An thought that Ray had been betrayed and fired. Lei, who bears a grudge, simply escaped from Huainan and went to Chang 'an to sue Liu. According to the Han law, anyone who interferes with the implementation of the emperor's imperial edict should be sentenced to death by abandoning the city. At this time, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, who was busy with the "crusade", had heard about what Liu An had done. So, under such circumstances, just as the Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty took advantage of it? Bamenshan

Boat, depriving Liu of a fief. ? Wu Bei, another public figure in "Bagong", tried to dissuade him many times when he learned that Huai nun Tzu was going to rebel, but Liu An not only refused to listen, but always refuted it with the successful examples of Chen Sheng and Guangwu Uprising in the late Qin Dynasty. Seeing that his suggestion could not be adopted, Wu also decided to go back and report the rebellion in Liu An to the court. ? As the saying goes, "It never rains but it pours", just at the critical moment of Liu An's life and death, his grandson Liu Jian jumped out again and "stabbed" his grandfather in the heart. Liu Jian's father, Liu Buhai, because he was an unmarried woman, was seldom loved by Liu An, and had long complained. At this time, his "brainless" son Liu Jian even went to Chang' an to report the case. Liu Jian's original purpose was to frame money and make his father the heir of the king of Huainan. It's just that he didn't expect that this situation just sent his grandfather to the grave. ? As a result, the first defendant was Lei, the second defendant was Wu, and the third defendant was Liu Jian. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty sent Zhang Tang, a famous cruel official, to handle the case. It turns out that Liu An's rebellion is true. BC 122 (the first year of the founding of Emperor Hanyuan), Emperor Wudi of the Han Dynasty sent troops to Huainan on charges of "betraying, obeying the people, and rebelling", and found the offensive equipment and forged decree ready for rebellion from Liu An's home. Liu An, who knew that his crime was unforgivable, was forced to commit suicide, and Liu Ci, the king of Hengshan, who colluded with him, also rushed to the scene.

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Filled with resentment and regret, Liu An, the king of Huainan, hurried to the point of no return, but this learned man left a precious spiritual wealth to future generations-Huainanzi, an epoch-making masterpiece called "the first-class Chinese language" by modern scholar Liang Qichao. ? Huainan Zi, also known as Huainan Lie Hong or Lie Hong, was written by Liu An when he was the king of Huainan, and attracted thousands of guests. Although this book was written by many people, Liu An, who is a "good book" and "good at writing", is recognized as a veritable "chief editor". There must be some articles written by him in Huai Nan Zi, which generally reflects his own thoughts. Huai Nan Zi was originally a masterpiece, with 2 internal books1,33 external books and 8 Chinese books. Based on Taoist thought, the book covers all aspects, including politics, philosophy, ethics, history, literature, economy, physics, chemistry, astronomy, geography and so on. Unfortunately, however, there are only 2 1 copy of Neishu left in Huainanzi. Liu an

Yes ? Huainanzi absorbed the ideological materials of Laozi and Zhuangzi, especially Huang Lao's silk book, and became a theoretical work integrating Huang Lao's theory. It not only put forward unique views on the issues of Tao, heaven and man, form and spirit, but also inherited the essence of Qi theory in the Spring and Autumn Period and the study of Huang Lao in the middle of the Warring States Period. Huainanzi, as an influential social encyclopedia in the Western Han Dynasty, contains historical research value and rich spiritual wisdom, which needs to be further explored by our future generations. ? In addition, it is very interesting that Luo Qi of Ming Dynasty mentioned the record of tofu making in Liu An before the Han Dynasty in his original materials. In the Ming Dynasty, Li Shizhen also said in the Compendium of Materia Medica: "The method of tofu began with Liu An, the king of Huainan in the former Han Dynasty." Now there is a statue of Liu An riding in front of Huainan Railway Station Square, and there is a tofu festival every September.

Anyone who has read the popular Romance of the Three Kingdoms must remember this plot: Liu An killed his wife. In the fourth section of the book, "Lu Bu defeated Pi Cheng", he wrote:? Liu Bei rode his horse and fled to the mountains. He was walking, and an army came behind him. Looking back, it was Sun Gan. Hug and cry. Liu Bei said, "My second brother doesn't know whether to live or die. I want to commit suicide!" Sun Gan said, "No way. Why not throw away practice and plan for the future? " According to his words, Liu Bei found a way to invest in Beijing, but there was no food on the road and he begged for food in the village. But everywhere, as soon as I heard Liu Yuzhou, I knelt down to eat coarse grains. Suddenly I went to live in a house, and after a while I gave birth to worship. I asked, but it was Orion Liu An. I heard that I lived in Yuzhou, where I grazed and searched for game everywhere, so I killed my wife and ate her. Liu Bei said, "What meat is there?" Ann said, "It's wolf meat." Two people are full. Night after night, at dawn, I went to the backyard to lead a horse and saw his wife killed under the kitchen, so I cut off her meat. Liu Bei asked him, only to know that it was his wife's meat. He got hurt and got on the horse, so he wanted to take Liu An away. An said, "Don't travel far when you see your mother." Liu Bei thanked him and took the road out of Liangcheng. Suddenly, the dust covered the sun and the wild horse came. Liu Bei greeted him, but he rode to the flag of China's army and dismounted to meet him. Fuck off. Answer. Cao Cao said that he lost his city, dispersed his second brother, trapped his youngest son, and shed tears. What's more, Liu An killed his wife for food, and Cao Cao ordered Sun Gan to give him 120 gold. ? There is a mountain eight hundred miles east of Qiaocheng County, called Mangshan Mountain. At the foot of the mountain hundreds of miles away from Fiona Fang, there is a small village, which people used to call Liu Zhuang. ? Liu Anjia lives in Liu Zhuang near Zhuangkou. There are two huts, a wife and a mother, and three people. Speaking of Liu An, I am a minor celebrity here. I have read Saint Amethyst and Hundred Family Names for a few days since I was a child, and I have also read Han Shu several times, and I know some big words, even though I am half a scholar. This small villa with only a few dozen families is already remarkable. In addition, she looks good, white and clean, and is very popular with girls. Even the only daughter of millionaire Liu Million is interested in him. Poor family, what a pity. Liu An has been farming for generations, and he gave Liu An a small marriage since he was a child. The girl's family is also poor. ? Three years ago, Liu An's father was seriously ill. To celebrate his father's happiness, 20-year-old Liu An brought his wife to the house. His wife Liu is plain-looking, but very capable. Liu An is relieved. ? A year ago, my father died of illness, and the livelihood of the family suddenly fell on Liu An. Liu An, who usually does nothing, is puzzled: farming is too hard, forging while the iron is hot is too tiring, and going out to work is too dangerous. Think about it, why not eat by the mountain, and then go hunting, big animals dare not fight, small animals can still try, that is, leisure and solve the food, why not? So Liu An started as a hunter, leaving early and returning late all day. Fortunately, the Mangshan Mountain is very big, and finally we can catch pheasants and rabbits, and we can supplement our family. Fortunately, his wife Liu Xianhui is capable and can barely make ends meet. ? Since Liu An's father died, his wife Liu has shouldered the burden of the whole family with her mother-in-law and Liu An. Originally, the family was poor, and Liu worked hard. Liu Ming, who was in his early 20 s, was old; Look at Liu An. Don't worry about anything. In the morning, he picked up a bow and arrow and hunted in the mountains. If he wants to play more times, if he doesn't want to lie in the shade, he will get younger and younger. ? On this day, Huai nun Tzu went hunting in the mountains with a bow and arrow, but he didn't touch anything all morning. He was tired and hungry, and his spirit was gone, so he found a shady place to sleep. ? I don't know how long it took, but there was a horse hoof, and Liu An was awakened. Few riders pass by in such a remote place. In a blink of an eye, one person and one horse came to the front. People who look at horses: their faces are like crown jade, their lips are like grease, their earlobes are over their shoulders and their hands are over their knees. At first glance, I knew he was a rich man. Although he doesn't have a helmet and a crown, he has a pair of swords on his saddle. He is undoubtedly a general. ? Immediately, people saw Liu An: "Excuse me, little brother, how can I get to Xuchang?" ? "Going to Xuchang, going down the mountain to the west is the way to Xuchang." Liu answered, thinking, this person's appearance in the heard, very familiar with, but just can't remember. It's getting dark. It's time to go home. "General, it's getting dark, you can't hit the road. Our village is at the foot of the mountain ahead. Stay there for one night and leave tomorrow morning, right? " ? Looking at the sky at once, it's time to rest, and said helplessly, "OK, sorry, please lead the way!" " " ? Liu An packed his bow and arrow and led the horse down the mountain. As he walked, he asked, "What's the general's name? " ? " My last name is Liu, and the word is Xuande. " ? Ah. . . The words "Liu Xuande" sounded like a thunderbolt in mid-air and killed Liu An at once. Liu An only felt that someone kept saying, "Liu Xuande. . . Liu Xuande. . 。” The bow in his hand also fell to the ground. ? I don't know how long it took, but a voice in the distance seemed to call Liu An: "Hey, hey, little brother, what's wrong with you? Wake up. . . " ? There are telephones far and near. Liu An shook his head a few times and looked at the horse. "Are you Liu Yuzhou? " ? " Yes, I am Liu Bei. Do you know me? "Liu Bei asked. ? "A person's name, the shadow of a tree. "The names of Liu Bei and Liu Yuzhou, Three sworn oaths in Taoyuan, Brothers Fighting the Yellow Scarf, Hulao Pass Fighting Lyu3 bu4 and Tao Qian Letting Xuzhou, the names of benevolence and righteousness spread all over Kyushu. ? He is Liu Bei, Liu An thought. My time has come. If I can get an official position under Liu Bei, what will it be like? ? "The general's brave and just name is widely known all over the world. Although our village is a little remote, the general's heart of benevolence and righteousness is well known. Please hold a dinner for the general at my house tonight. Liu An said; ? "Don't be so polite, it is good to be simple. Liu Bei said quickly; ? "General Liu is a celebrity today. It's my pleasure to meet him, and the general can come to my humble abode. . . "Liu An spoke quickly, invite you to eat a meal, if I can go with you, that would be great; Even if you don't want me, hee hee, have dinner with celebrities, then I can get some "fame" in the future and want to walk to the village. ? At the entrance to the village, Liu, a 70-year-old mother, watched on crutches. . . . . . ? Liu Bei quickly dismounted and stepped forward to hold Liu Mu. Liu An took the reins and introduced Liu Bei to his mother. ? I heard that it was Liu Yuzhou, and Liu looked up and down as if he had seen a long-lost relative. " Ok, ok, this is really a rich stage. "Liu Mu praised," into the house to have a rest. Dinner is not ready yet? " ? Liu Bei helped Liu Mu into the room and sat down. The furnishings in the room are very simple. A dining table, a bed and several wooden stools look like a poor family. Fortunately, Liu Bei was used to being poor since childhood, and he can get used to this kind of life after running around all these years. ? " Ann, go and prepare dinner with your daughter-in-law, make some prey you hit today, and treat the general well! "Mother Liu didn't notice that Liu An had just returned empty-handed, and her attention was still on Liu Bei." You go quickly, and I'll talk to General Liu. " ? Liu An promised and went to the kitchen. Liu was very busy and just lit a fire. "Someone at home. Guess who it is? "Liu An proudly said to Liu," but it is very famous. " ? " I can't guess. "After several years of hard work, Liu's thinking has become numb. The rest is just washing clothes, cooking, chopping wood and serving my mother-in-law. Liu An can't count on it. ? "It's Liu Bei and Liu Yuzhou," Liu An said loudly. ? "What's so strange about this? Let's go "Liu put the pot away and answered Liu An. ? Liu An froze, suddenly don't know what to say. It seems that the mystery of this world has been solved through painstaking efforts, but no one cares about him. ? Liu An stood there staring blankly, and the smoke from the stove choked him. Well, cooking is still very important. "Is there any meat at home? Make a meat dish! "Liu Anbian said, looking around. ? "There is nothing at home. What did you catch today? Let's get started. "Liu brushed the pot and put it on the fire. ? "There is nothing today. Why not? Didn't I shoot a hare two days ago? " ? "That little rabbit is not enough for you to eat for a day. Why don't you borrow some from someone else's house? " ? I have to borrow it. Liu An is walking outside the house. "Who can I borrow it from? " ? In this remote village, every family is self-sufficient, and most of them farm and grow vegetables. There are several Orion, all more than Liu An and Jiang Qiang. Liu An has only played pheasants and rabbits so far; As for the others, roe deer and roe deer are often beaten. As for wild animals such as tigers and leopards, they have not appeared for many years, and wolves can only be seen in the depths of the mountains. ? " Liu An thought, "I can't borrow it from them." What if they ask and know that Liu Bei is coming? "Liu An turned a big circle in the village and returned to his kitchen. Liu has prepared four side dishes, nothing more than potatoes and cucumbers, waiting to eat meat. ? "I didn't borrow it, and no one has it. "Liu An whispered, obviously humbled. ? "Don't borrow can eat. "Liu finished and was about to serve. . ? "That doesn't work, he is a big shot! "Liu An quickly stopped liu. ? "Then do something about it," Liu angrily threw the dish on the stove and I had no choice. Do you want me to cut his meat? " ? Cut the meat and kill the wife? Liu An eyes a bright, as if heard of there, indeed as expected there. . . , is the Wuqi, childhood books didn't read in vain, Liu An suddenly remembered the story of Wuqi killing his wife for help. Wuqi killed his wife and became a general. What about me? Since the predecessors have this precedent, so can I. Liu An, who was blinded by Xun, thought about her future prosperity and killed her while Liu was not paying attention. . . . . . ? Liu An brought food to Liu Bei. Mother Liu and Liu Bei chatted happily. Everyone is hungry. When they saw Liu An coming, they came to clear the table and began to eat. Mother Liu was so excited to see the rumored benevolent monarch that she didn't notice that one person was missing. ? " what kind of meat is it? The taste is very special? "Liu bei asked while eating a piece of meat. ? "Oh, this is the wolf meat, a wolf I played before, and the meat is still there. "Liu An anxiously replied. ? "Yes, it tastes very special," Liu Bei said while chewing. ? "Liu An," Liu Bei said to Liu An, "I heard that you have read some books. I have promised your mother that you will follow me to seek fame. Would you? " ? No, Liu An said to himself, I don't know how to tell Liu Bei, my mother will be finished so soon. "Yes, of course. "Liu bother to say. ? "Yes, at first, General Liu disagreed. I'm afraid I can't live on my own after you leave. I told the general how my daughter-in-law could do this, and he agreed. "Mother liu explained. ? A stream of bitter water rushed from the stomach pouch to the throat, as if the gallbladder was broken. The rice in Liu An's mouth suddenly got stuck in his throat, and Liu An flushed. How could this happen! How could this happen! ? Fortunately, Liu Mu and Liu Bei didn't notice the changes in Liu An. After dinner, Liu Mu went to rest, and Liu An waited at the table for a while. Liu Bei packed his dishes and went to the kitchen. Liu An was still glaring. Just as Liu Bei lifted the kitchen curtain, Liu An woke up. "No. . . . . "Liu An cried and rushed to the kitchen. ? It's too late. In the corner of the kitchen, a woman was lying on the ground with her arm cut off. Liu An looked at Liu Bei and whispered timidly, "This is my wife. There is nothing at home. . . . . . " ? Liu Bei suddenly understood, "That meat is. . . . . 。” Said, covering her mouth and rushed out. ? The next day, Liu An sent Liu Bei to the intersection. "Don't send, take good care of your mother at home, have the opportunity to come to me. "Say that finish, liu bei rode away with a whip.