Who knows Qiong Opera?

Qiongzhou Opera, also known as Qiongzhou Opera and Hainan Opera, is a kind of opera with local characteristics that is deeply loved by people in Hainan Island and overseas Chinese.

Qiongju Opera has a long history, and it is also called the four major operas in Lingnan with Cantonese Opera, Chaozhou Opera and Han Opera, belonging to Southern Opera.

In the Ming Dynasty, "Zheng Deqiong's Taiwan Record": "Every Spring Festival, Weiso disguised himself as a tourist street until the 13th." This temple is full of opportunities for entertainment. "Records of Qiongzhou also recorded that before Zheng De, there was a drama to admire the gods.

"Wretched Talk" said: "After the declaration of peace, the Southern Opera was called Wenzhou Zaju when it crossed the South." 1755 revised "Qiongshan County Records" said: "The first month is celebrated, and the villagers hold the land gods, get together to drink and sing local operas."

It can be seen that acting in local languages is popular in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, which is the predecessor of Qiong Opera. Later, it absorbed Minnan opera, Guangdong Chaozhou opera Andrew, Hainan folk songs and Taoist music, and gradually formed Qiongju. After the birth of Qiong Opera, it was mainly popular in counties of Hainan Island. During the period from Xianfeng to Guangxu in Qing Dynasty (185 1- 1908), it began to spread overseas and some parts of China, and Leizhou Peninsula was also very popular, followed by overseas Chinese. At present, there are some classes and troupes in Nanyang Islands performing Qiong Opera.

The artistic heritage of Qiong Opera is rich. Its traditional repertoire is divided into three parts: first, there are more than 800 literary repertoires (mainly singing) such as Huaiyin Ji and Pipa Ji; Second, there are more than 400 martial arts dramas (mainly about work and fighting) in historical and mythical novels such as Yang Jiajiang and Romance of the Gods. Third, there are more than 30 civilized dramas/kloc-0, also known as fashion cheongsam dramas, such as "The Lonely Valley" and "Broken Hearts". After liberation, there are always more than 1500 ancient costumes and modern dramas that have been arranged, adapted, created and transplanted from other operas. There have also been a number of outstanding plays that have been staged for a long time, such as Poems on Red Leaves, Zhang Wenxiu, Searching for the Academy, Golden Hairpin Dog and so on. These plays have touching stories, easy-to-understand lyrics and rich philosophies.

At first, there were only four roles in Qiong Opera, namely, life, Dan, purity and ugliness. It was only during the Tongzhi period of the Qing Dynasty that it developed into six roles: life, Dan, purity, ignorance, ugliness and miscellaneous. Most students in literary dramas hold small white fans to show elegance and chic. Only a small piece of white powder is coated on the nose of peanut, and a fan is often inserted between the necks, and the feet are stretched back and forth, left and right to show frivolity and debauchery. Born, unregistered, or promoted to the church, they often kick off their robes and fold the broken steps. Martial arts drama belongs to the southern school, which uses metal gray bronze weapons and also permeates acrobatics and magic performances.

The banqiang of Qiong Opera can be divided into five categories: Cheng Tu, Zhong Ban, Ku Tan Ban, Qiang and Te Qiang. After liberation, some plate cavities were produced.

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As for Qiong Opera, I am really a layman with little knowledge, but I have always been interested in it and have a sentimental feeling.

In the west of Hainan, few people go to the stage to play with tickets. I watched Qiong Opera for the first time in my life, either after graduating from high school or on the streets of Haikou. Some old people set up their own stage. The costumes look a little uneven, but I don't know if the singing is good or not, because the actors are wearing the wrong clothes or the singing is out of tune. All I know is to push forward so that I can see the looseness of the actor's sleeves. I am always surprised by the agility of that moment, and often feel that I am flying. No matter how good the singing is, I have to have a natural figure and elegant eyebrows to make people have reliable love.

Qiongju seems to be a folk drama in Hainan. I didn't find out which dynasty it came from. I don't know if it is because the lyrics of Hainan dialect are difficult to translate and organize. This reason came out of my mind and made me blush. This naive idea is really surprising.

Qiong Opera is actually a branch of Southern Opera, and it is also called the four major operas in Lingnan with Cantonese Opera, Chaozhou Opera and Han Opera. It is said that it may appear in the Ming Dynasty. On the basis of Hainan's popular zaju (originated from Yiyang Opera), it absorbed Minnan Opera, Huizhou Opera, Kunqiang Opera, Chaozhou Andrew Opera, Bai Zixi (Chaozhou Opera) and Guangdong Bangzi, as well as Hainan folk songs, singing and dancing, puppet shows and Taoist music, and gradually formed Yiyang Opera, a local opera. In the process of spreading, Qiong Opera was once popular in Singapore, Malaysia and Indonesia in Southeast Asia, also known as "Red Coral in the South China Sea".

Some knowledgeable ladies have said that traditional drama can be divided into literary drama, martial arts drama and civilized drama. Literary operas are mainly singing, including Huaiyin Ji and Pipa Ji. Martial arts dramas mainly focus on martial arts, including Yang Jiajiang and Romance of Gods. Civilized drama rose in the 1920s and 1930s, also known as fashion cheongsam drama. How many of these plays are produced and which ones will sound more attractive, but no one can say for sure. Perhaps laymen's opinions are also valuable, because laymen's opinions are always fresh and clumsy, which is not without merit.

It is said that at the end of the Qing Dynasty, a hunchback writer wrote the script of The West Chamber, which was the only Hainan drama book at that time. The lyrics and sentences he wrote are good, but the plot has a big shortcoming, because Yingying's life is too short to reach the climax during the performance. However, the script of The West Chamber, which has been handed down to this day, has been re-adapted by later generations.

I don't know how credible such a legend is, but I always feel sorry that even a short play can give future generations a chance to read on. After reading some current scripts, I feel that I attach great importance to the development of lyrics, sentences and plots, but ignore the dialogue and actions of characters in the plays, which is always a pity.

Avoid the important, tell me about the Qiong opera you have seen.

That was a few years ago. That night was the Lantern Festival, and I went to see the traditional flower exchange in Fucheng. I didn't change flowers, but stopped to watch Qiong Opera in the street for more than an hour.

The actors are all elderly grandmothers. The stage is purely self-built, and the costumes are also self-brought. I guess I painted my makeup myself. The wrinkles on the old man's face seem to accumulate some kind of heavy rouge powder, which makes people laugh and feel desolate.

Taiwan Province's program is "Golden Hairpin Dog". Many people, old and young, stood in front of the stage, listening with relish and laughing. Qin Xianglian earned enough tears from the audience. She took her son begging on the stage. The grandfathers and grandmothers in the audience cried and waved to the stage, while the young people just laughed, which also made the stage and the audience lively together.

The plots of Qiong Opera are mostly based on historical and folk stories, and facial expressions and movements are used to express the identity of the people and the content of the stories. However, it is very different from other operas, and pays attention to the plot and dramatic way. The general procedure is to suffer first and then enjoy, and what goes around comes around. Then lovers get married, and finally have a happy ending.

The loveliness of Qiong Opera may lie in its simplicity, but this fixed emotional formula is no longer suitable for the complex emotions in our real life, so we can't put ourselves in the characters in the play. All kinds of sufferings in the play are stripped of details, and then the ending is always happy. After the feelings are simplified, they are more certain, stronger and easier. In the play, it adds weight to thousands of years of experience. The so-called drama is like life, which has become the habit of the public. When all the scenes are too perfect, it will be far from reality, and our young eyes can only escape from it in its narrow, neat and beautiful patterns.

No matter what the characters in Joan's plays are thinking, they always have a chance to say it directly. Even if there is no confidant, you can tell the audience; All the sufferings, there are always the right people to meet, help and finally get full compensation; All people who love each other, after experiencing all kinds of hardships created by others, can always meet at a special moment, embrace each other and cry with joy. Scenes are always connected by actions, costumes, colors and patterns of facial makeup and a series of sounds. Make-up and confession are extremely exaggerated. When you are used to watching Qiong Opera, you feel that nothing in life is lively enough.