Who knows what kind of person Nuwa is?

[Explanation] ① The names of ancient emperors in myths and legends. According to legend, the princess of Yu Xia and the daughter of Tu Shanshi.

[Example] Contemporary Yin Qian's Secret Biography of Heaven: "After God was created, Nu Wa, Xuan Yuanhao, Wan Yinhao and Fu Xihao went to the Yujing Palace to resume their lives. Nu Wa presented a table of making gods and people, which said:' The ancestor ordered his disciples to make gods, and now they have been made, which are divided into 18 ethnic groups, and there are countless gods of each ethnic group. Please knock on the ancestor to read. ”"

[Extension] Nu Wa in Yin Qian's novel The Secret Record of the Secret.

Nu Wa in Tian Chuan

First, where did Nu Wa come from? It's already open, and it's time to rest at Yujing Palace. For more than a year, Tiandao struggled to be happy, because I was alone, so I wanted to be the same kind. At first, heaven fought under the tree and wrapped its belly with fruit. Thinking about it for three years is like dreaming. I felt a foreign body crawling around me, so I took a look and saw snakes everywhere. Because I am the body of a snake and the head of God, I hate snakes at the sight. Tiandou tried to take his right collarbone, absorb the essence of vitality, and go on and on. The next day, the fruit made two women. Looking around, the clouds are lingering, the temples are blue, and the charm is graceful and beautiful. Tiandou was very satisfied with it, calling it "Nu Wa" and "Nv Ji" and regarded it as a disciple. He appointed Nu Wa as the emissary of Zuo Yu and Nu Ji as the emissary of You Yu. More than three days later, Tiandou took the left clavicle, which was the same again. He made three people. Tiandou called them Xuanyuanhao, Wanyinhao and Fuxihao, and he named them Hao San. He called them King Xuanyuan, Wan Wang Yin and Fuxi. (Contemporary Yin Qian's Secret Story of Heaven, the second time)

1, making people-everything wakes up after the rain. Mountain gods wash yellow mud, dig ditches, dig ditches. Nu Wa used mats and mud rammers, and the earth gods pressed adobe to cover gullies and open holes for smoke. Nu Wa called it Kang, which created a warm platform for people. A warm platform was created, and Nu Wa ordered Maud Shen Jun to fill the firewood and let Huo De Shen Jun make a fire. The warm platform instantly becomes warm and foggy. Before being a human body, Nu Wa pinched a man and a woman according to the appearance of golden couple. First, she made a heart according to the shape of the main room, and her heart was implanted in a left and right cavity. The mountain god and the land were puzzled and said, "This heart looks like a universe. I wonder what the purpose of Empress's planting this cave is? " Nu Wa said, "Like the point in the main room, creating this point of the human heart is also a way of movement, which can connect Yin and Yang and has its own wonderful use." The mountain god and the land are very happy to see the clay figurine with seven senses, lying on the kang platform, shaped like clay sculpture, about one meter high. The mountain god asked, "Empress, you are really golden couple and Er Shen. Why are you so short? " Nu Wa said with a smile, "It is made in the image of golden couple, but it is not a sacred object. The height of a person is taboo, and one meter is 67 days. This is the mystery of life. " The land god asked, "The little god guessed that one meter sixty-seven is really a mysterious number, and one meter is the solid of human beings. This June 7th is a living body, growing day by day. One plus six equals seven, and seven plus seven equals fourteen. It will take seven days for the queen to crush these two people, and it will take seven days for her resurrection, a total of fourteen days. Empress, is the little god right? " Nu Wa smiled back and said, "Of course." The mountain god said, "14 days is enough. Empress, when will these two people live? " When Nu Wa got up, she saw Er Shen standing in front of the stage on the first day of the lunar calendar and in the sun. She lowered her hands to stand by and watch. Nu Wa said, "Taiyin and Sun Er Shen, can Yin and Yang be transported?" Taiyin and Sun Ershen said in unison, "Everything is here." Nu Wa shook her hand forward with a black and white air mass hanging in her palm. Nu Wa took a breath with her mouth, adjusted her breath, and blew it into the clay figurine's mouth. I saw that the two clay figurines suddenly trembled and rolled over and sat up. As the mountain god approached the land, he saw a man and a woman wearing bark and hanging wild fruits, with hair like a black waterfall, eyes like black beads, ruddy complexion and lifelike. The mountain god and the land tried to touch them, but they were blocked by Nu Wa. Nu Wa snapped, "These two aren't alive yet. Please don't make a move." The mountain god said doubtfully, "Now I'm sitting up, and I'm trying to live. Why didn't the queen survive? " Nu Wa said seriously, "Seven souls and six souls are indispensable." One by one, the gathering spirits came forward and said, "Go back to heaven quickly and ask your grandmaster for aura." The gathered gods were ordered to leave. When Nu Wa saw that the gathering spirit god had left, she ordered the mountain god and the land to hold the two men down with magic power, and carved a nine-centimeter-long groove in the center of the two clay figurines' heads. The mountain god and the land were puzzled and asked, "What is an empress?" Nu Wa said, "Only when the gathering spirit comes and the spirit of life is put here can people live, talk, think and think, which is similar to yours, but different from yours." As soon as the words fell, I saw that the spirits gathered and the wind was surging. Nu Wa took the aura, pressed into the cranial fossa and whispered a spell. I see that the cranial fossa is well fused. The land god quickly said, "It's really wonderful." Nu Wa smiled and said, "This is the spiritual cover of human beings. Spiritual killing, living in people. " If you are really human, you can talk and walk, and you are comfortable. When I first came, I seemed surprised at first glance.

The next day, Nu Wa became three men and three women, and she felt exhausted. Xuan Nv remonstrated, saying, "It takes time and effort for an empress to create a human being. When will it be completed? " After listening to this, Nu Wa sighed: "It's so slow, I can't make a baby illegally." When he finished, he ordered the mountain gods and the land to gather the eight men and stand in front of the stage. Nu Wa recited incantations and breathed like the wind, only to see mortals everywhere, some climbing branches and picking fruits, and some climbing mountains and mountains; Some chase and play, and some throw water and soil. The gods rejoiced and congratulated Nu Wa Niangniang on her completion of human creation. The mountain god and the land asked to go back to the upper world to live, but Nu Wa refused, saying, "People are not immortals, but they will eventually die of old age. What can we do? " The gods were all surprised and looked around, helpless. Nu Wa said, "Where are the two stars Wude and Wen Qu?" Wood and Wen Qu Xing Jun bowed their heads and stood by. Nu Wa said, "Let Er Shen cast spells to give people courage and wisdom, and people must be self-sufficient." Wu De and Wen Qu Xing Jun were ordered to leave. Nu Wa said, "Take a day trip to Er Shen, and take a night trip." Sun God and Night God bowed their heads and obeyed orders. Nu Wa hit the nail on the head and said, "People have seven souls and six spirits. The main soul is overhead, in charge of human life. The other six souls are divided into upper three souls and lower three souls, each with its own life. The three souls are wandering souls, what the teachers see, hear and feel; The next three souls are the soul guards, and all departments go, go and rest. Tell your two gods to give people dreams day and night. If people predict it, they can avoid accidents. " Day Tour, Night Tour Er Shen was ordered to go. Nu Wa summoned Yue Lao and said, "People don't live forever, Master Gong said. Grandmaster made it clear that life is only 130 years old. Now I order you to teach people the love between men and women, take charge of their marriage, and make people reproduce from generation to generation. " Yue Lao was ordered to leave. Nu Wa summoned the Army of Mude Town, the Eastern Star, the Army of Mude Town, Southern All Stars, the Army of Taibai Jinde Town, the Army of Shuide Town, the Northern Star, and the Central Town Star, and ordered them to perform their duties according to the orders of their ancestors and protect all the people in Longyan above the stars. (Contemporary Yin Qian's Secret Story of Heaven, the second time)

2, fill the sky-Nuwa quickly lower bound, suspended bird's eye view, see the dragon rushing down, candlelight, the sea seems to boil. When I arrived in Taihang Mountain, Nu Wa saw people hiding in caves. There were dragon bodies everywhere, and there was smoke and rain everywhere. I saw a hole in the sky, like a giant basin, burning down in the hot sun. Nu Wa said with tears in her eyes, "Poor sentient beings are suffering from this catastrophe. This palace should be a tempering stone to save lives. " Seeing the arrival of Nu Wa, the God of Heaven, Emperor Yan knelt down to meet him. Everyone came out of the cave, tears streaming down their faces and crying loudly. Nu Wa said, "This is caused by a meteorite. Rocks flying around, the atmosphere cracking, the scorching sun, the earth anxious. Fortunately, you and others hid in the mountain kiln and survived. No dinosaurs survived anywhere. They all died in the fire. Our palace was ordered to come to the rescue, so don't panic. " Everyone cheered like thunder when they heard this.

Nu Wa divided everyone into two parts, one by one. Men dig ponds and women collect stones and firewood. All firewood is dead wood, and all stones are colorful. Digging 9900 miles, building 990 fire pools and collecting 990 piles of colorful pebbles, it took 10,000 people three years to prepare. On the day of mending the sky, Nu Wa ordered all the people to throw pebbles of seven colors into the pool and cover the dead wood on the pool. At the same time, 990 fire pools were lit, and the stone flowed. Only three days after the fire, the pool field was shrouded in mist, and the seven-color water vapor Ran Ran ascended to heaven, hovering in the cave of heaven, showing yin and yang, and the mist was shrouded, which became a grand view. Ten thousand people chop firewood to make a fire, and the seven-color water vapor goes straight into the hole, and it keeps flowing. Nu Wa piled up meteorites on the high platform to protect the sun god. The fire pit burned for three years before it was put out and the cave was filled in. Nu Wa also ordered Lei Gong, Dian Mu, Fengbo and Yu Shi to spread the wind and rain.

After the storm, the earth turned yellow and green, and Yuan Ye was gloomy and sandy; Peach and willow are in harmony, birds are singing and flowers are fragrant, and it is also a scene of willow trees warming in spring. Emperor Yan came from all directions with men, women and children, picking peaches for Nu Wa. It's really a- fragrant apricot jade peach, which is better than golden sugar jade; Sweet plums, sweet and sour are better than crisp cheese. Grapes and bamboo vines can replace tea, and jujube and watermelon can be used as wine.

After the goddess mended the sky, he saw several people covered with snow and ice. He thought about the reason, but couldn't figure it out. So he asked Emperor Yan. Emperor Yan told him, "Since the birth of the Empress years ago, the number of people has drastically decreased, only death. Although there are men and women who get married, all of them are stillborn, and none of them survive. " Nu Wa was very anxious, so she called Shen Fushou to ask. Nu Wa reprimanded, "You are a god, but you don't care about your life or death on earth. I will report to my master and punish you. " The birthday girl said: "The queen is calm, but the little god can't control the longevity of the world." Nu Wa was puzzled and asked, "Why can't you take care of your longevity?" The birthday boy replied, "This world and the upper bound are the two ears of heaven. Even with the crown of heaven, it is difficult to receive good news. Because of the long journey, it is difficult for gods and buddhas to know what people want. There is a Shinto from the celestial world to the human world, but mortals have no way to climb the celestial world. The empress doesn't know that at first, the empress created man, and the spirit of vitality was placed on the crown of mortals, so that people could survive. People born in the world can't survive because there is no vitality on their heads. So there are many things in the world, and the little god can do nothing. " Nu Wa said thoughtfully, "So people will become extinct. What can we do? " The life-saving god replied, "I heard that the ancestor wanted to create the underworld on earth." From then on, people and creatures can be reincarnated in the underworld, people and creatures can be reincarnated in the underworld, and good and evil can be divided and ruled. Mortals will be born again and again. " (Contemporary Yin Qian's "The Secret Biography of Heaven" II) [Edit this paragraph] The legendary name of Nu Wa originated from Qu Yuan's "Tian Wen": "Nu Wa has a body, who made it?" It means: Who made Nu Wa's body? Legend has it that Nu Wa made up the sky by refining stones and created human beings. This is a reflection of the myth of matriarchal society.

Nu Wa Niangniang, surnamed Feng, was born in. When she said her name was Feng Richi (maybe Feng). Legend has it that human beings are ancestors, and human beings are descendants of her and her brother Fuxi. She also said that she made man from loess, refined five-color stones to fill the sky, stacked turtles to support four pillars, and killed animals in floods, so that human beings could live in peace.

Legend has it that she is a snakehead. In China's mythology, she created human beings from clay. Later, Water God, Gonggong, Harmony, Vulcan, Zhu Rong and War were all defeated by Zhu Rong. Gong Gong was so angry that he hit the pillar of the western world with his head, causing the sky to fall and the water of the Tianhe River to pour into the world. Nu Wa couldn't bear the human disaster, and refined five-color stones to make up the sky. In addition, Nu Wa also created guzheng and other musical instruments. In addition, after Nu Wa died, her intestines became ten gods, and she went to the wild corn field in the west to protect her. It is said that Nu Wa later ascended to Heaven under the protection of Bai Chi and Tengshe. According to the myth, Fuxi and Nuwa are brother and sister, and they are also husband and wife. On China's totem, there is the image of Nu Wa having intercourse with Fuxi. In southern China, Miao and other ethnic groups worship it as a great god and build temples to worship it. [Edit this paragraph] A new explanation of the story of Nu Wa's family. Nu Wa family is also called Nu Wa, Nu Wa Huang, Gao Media, Shen Media, Nu Wa Niangniang, Nu Wa Xu, Nu Wa, Feng Richi (or for sacrifice), surnamed Feng, surnamed Yun. The earliest records of Nu Wa's deeds are Liezi and Nu Wa's Huainanzi statues. Among them, Huainanzi records the great cause of Nu Wa's arrangement of heaven and earth, including four parts: refining five-color stones to make up the sky, breaking Ao Bai's four poles, killing the black dragon to help Jizhou, and accumulating reed ash to stop lewd water. Custom Tong records the story of Nuwa's family making a living in the soil and formulating the marriage system at that time. The Book of Poetry also records the legendary story of Nu Wa's invention of the sheng spring (see the fifth quotation). In addition, there are different versions of the story about Fuxi Nuwa's brother and sister getting married and becoming the ancestor of mankind in ancient books and folklore.

Regarding the explanation of the name "Nu Wa", most of the ancients thought that Nu Wa was a saint. Literally, the key word "Wa" in the word "Nu Wa" has nothing to do with the various legends and stories of Nu Wa, much like the words "Yao, Shun and Yu" used to express the names of saints.

In fact, the pronunciation of the word "tile" essentially explains the deeds of Nu Wa. The pronunciation of the word "tile" simulates the "quack" sound when the spoon rubs the bottom of the pot. When reading wā, read gā, and the pronunciation is similar. Well, the exact words should be "well". This word has many pronunciations, meaning "crooked" when reading wāi; When reading hé, ancient Chinese is the same as "harmony"; When reading wǒ, it means "crooked"; When reading wā, it is an ancient name; Reading ancient m, ancient prose is the same as "cutting"; Reading Gu means surname. In fact, these pronunciations are very close. Except for the two meanings of country name and surname, other meaning can be integrated into a kind of object name. This kind of vessel is often askew and squeaky, and it is related to grain, which shows that it is a "pot" used to cook food in ancient times. "Jiyun" is called "left or left". "Wei" also has many pronunciations. When reading gé, it means the name of an ancient country, or it is linked with "diaphragm", "diaphragm" and "partition". L √ reads like an ancient cooker, a pot used for cooking or frying, similar to a tripod. It can be seen that "Guo" and "Wei" originally represent the same kind of objects, but the former is described from the perspective of subjective function, while the latter is described from the perspective of objective shape. Cookware for ancient cooking. Tao Ge, which existed in the Neolithic Age, is similar in shape to a marching pot, with its mouth tilted outward and its three legs hollow, which is convenient for cooking and heating. Because the three feet are hollow, cooked food will also exist in the feet. To take this part of the food out, Tao Ge must tilt and then take it out with a spoon. Therefore, tilting and cutting (scraping, scraping liquid food with a spoon) fully show the function of Tao Ge. From the point of view that Wei connects diaphragm and partition, Wei's name comes from its function of separating food from fire.

Cooking with fire has always been a woman's business. When the ancients recorded the name of Nu Wa, they created the word "Wa" with a female symbol on it, which was actually the image of a housewife. There are often "frog" patterns on painted pottery in Gansu and Qinghai. Some people think it represents a frog that can protect mankind from floods, some people think it is a god, and some people think it is an image of a person squatting on the ground and eating. In fact, the pattern of "frog" is actually a symbol of frog croaking, and it is matched with pottery used to process cooking food to express the good wish of eating and drinking enough. Similarly, the giant salamander pattern appearing on painted pottery is also based on its croaking sound as a sound symbol, hoping to have a full stomach. Giant salamander, commonly known as giant salamander, is named after its sound is similar to that of a baby. Frog and giant salamander are both amphibians, living by the water, and cooking food with pottery is also inseparable from water. It is easy to understand that there is food with sound symbols. Painted pottery often has vortex patterns, which is also the embodiment of using vortex as a sound symbol.

Pottery is one of the symbols of the Neolithic Age. China's pottery was invented at the end of the Voltages, when the ancients painted mud on the bottom of gourds to prevent fire, so as to cook food. However, historical legends believe that the Nuwa era was after the Fu era, indicating that the Nuwa era was actually a pottery era represented by pottery tile or pottery. Compared with barbecue, ceramic cookers are more convenient and effective for cooking food. Moreover, barbecue can only be used for large pieces of food, such as meat or plant root nuts, while cooking can be used for small pieces of plant seeds, which greatly improves the eating speed and saves more time. Its convenience and benefits can be said to be unparalleled. Generally, plant seeds are very small. Although it contains high-energy starch, if you eat it raw, you must chew it one by one, otherwise it will pass through the intestine. However, if you chew grains and other seeds one by one, you will hardly have enough to eat all day. It's very different after cooking. As long as it is eaten in the stomach, it can be digested and absorbed. Therefore, cooking technology has greatly expanded people's food sources. Dry plant seeds are more resistant to long-term storage than prey and fruits, so ancient people can collect and store a large number of edible plant seeds, and they don't have to look around for food in winter when food is scarce, laying the foundation for their final settlement. Therefore, the invention of ceramic cookware is a revolutionary leap in human diet technology.

Because pottery is mainly used by housewives, in the early days of pottery, housewives mainly completed the firing of pottery and improved their skills and pottery during the production process. The original pottery was simple and had a single function, which was roughly a pottery bowl. Later, three hollow feet were added under the bowl, which became Tao Ge. Tao Ge's three feet are similar to sheep's drooping breasts, and the middle is empty. Modern scientific analysis believes that this can increase the heating area and shorten the cooking time. In fact, the ancients did not necessarily think so, but thought that the food cooked in the pot was liquid, which could nourish life like milk, so adding the image of breasts to it should be able to cook more nutritious food. In addition, cooking food in pottery bowls needs support, which is more troublesome. Adding solid ceramic feet into a ceramic bowl is not easy to burn into pottery when it is thick, but easy to break when it is thin. It is best to give consideration to these two aspects when hollow. With the improvement of pottery-making technology, the ancients found more functions for pottery, such as pottery suitable for storing different foods, rations and drinking water. It is also of great significance to store in pottery. Rats naturally accompany people's lives, stealing people's rations and drinking water. Rats are good at biting people, and ordinary utensils can't escape the fate of being bitten by rats, but rats can't do anything about pottery. So storing things with pottery can effectively avoid rats. Therefore, it can be said that the use and development of pottery promoted a great progress of prehistoric civilization in China, and Nu Wa is the symbol of this era.

The emergence of family is the need for adult men and women to raise children together. Adult men and women can raise children more effectively by becoming husband and wife to form a family. Because the wife often has to nurse the baby and take care of the older children, it is very inconvenient to move and her ability to find food and water is greatly limited, so she often depends on her husband to provide food. After the appearance of pottery, the wife can take care of the children while preparing food, that is, in the main house; Husbands can work hard to support their families, that is, outside. In this way, the family can eat and live together, and the family will be more stable. This should be the core of the legend of Nu Wa's marriage system. On the other hand, compared with men, women are more single-minded and persistent in love, so jealousy and jealousy among married women are very serious. One thing that women can't tolerate most is that their husbands are philandering everywhere.