Who are the clever characters and what stories are they from?

Zhuge Liang's ingenious story: a straw boat borrows an arrow;

The Arrow of Borrowing Grass Boat is the story of Battle of Red Cliffs in China's classic Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Borrowing arrows was deliberately put forward by Zhou Yu (limited to 100 thousand arrows in ten days). The witty Zhuge Liang saw through it at a glance and said calmly that it only took three days. Later, with the help of Lu Su, Zhuge Liang used Cao Cao's suspicious character to lure the enemy with several straw boats, and finally "borrowed" more than 100,000 arrows.

Zhuge Liang's life:

Zhuge Liang went to Jingzhou with his uncle Zhuge Xuan in his early years. After Zhuge Xuan's death, Zhuge Liang lived in seclusion in Longzhong. Liu Bei noticed the shanzhai when he was attached to Liu Biao in Jingzhou. Zhuge Liang proposed to Liu Bei the strategy of occupying Jingzhou and Yizhou and uniting Sun Quan against Cao Cao. Liu Bei successfully established the Shuhan regime according to Zhuge Liang's strategy, and formed a tripartite confrontation with Sun Quan and Cao Cao.

In the first year of Zhangwu (22 1), Liu Bei proclaimed himself emperor and appointed Zhuge Liang as prime minister. After the defeat of Wu, Liu Bei entrusted Zhuge Liang to Yong 'an. After Liu Chan succeeded to the throne, Zhuge Liang was named the marquis of Wuxiang and was in charge of Yizhou animal husbandry. Diligent and prudent, big and small political affairs must be personally done, and rewards and punishments are strict; Make an alliance with Wu Dong to improve relations with all ethnic groups in southwest China; Carry out the reclamation policy and strengthen combat readiness.

Five northern expeditions to the Central Plains failed to achieve the purpose of reviving the Han Dynasty. Eventually, he died in Wuzhangyuan (now Qishan, Baoji City, Shaanxi Province) in the 12th year of Jianxing (234) at the age of 54. The late master pursued Shi as a loyal marquis of Wu, and later generations took marquis of Wu as their honorific title. Huan Wen of the Eastern Jin Dynasty was named King Wuxing.