What is the population density of Mingshan District, Ya 'an City, Sichuan Province?

Population density: 423 people/km2.

Mingshan County, known as the hometown of God Tea, is located on the southwest edge of Chengdu Plain. With an area of 6 14.27 square kilometers and a population of 258,500, it governs 9 towns, 1 1 township. It is 90km east of Chengdu and 3km west of Ya 'an/KLOC-0. In ancient times, it was a post station of the Southern Silk Road. Today, this is the starting point of the Sichuan-Tibet International Tourism Line. 1989 was approved as an open county by the State Council. Poets and poets of past dynasties wrote poems and fu, and Mengding tea was famous far and near. Bai Juyi said: "Only the sound of water is heard in the piano, and the old tea is Mengshan." Wen Tongzan said: "Sichuan tea is sacred, and Mengshan is absolutely delicious." More importantly, "the water of the Yangtze River, the top of tea in Mengshan" has been widely praised for thousands of years.

Famous mountains belong to subtropical monsoon humid climate zone. Mild climate, abundant rainfall, long frost-free period, four seasons suitable for farming and lush vegetation. The annual average rainfall is 1, 500mm, with rainy days for 225 days and night rain accounting for 80%. The forest coverage rate is 32%. The air is fresh and the climate is pleasant. Bai Yan, prawns, dead-leaf butterflies, dictyophora indusiata, Buddha mushrooms and other precious animal and plant resources are very rich. Mingshan has formulated a sustainable development strategy to protect the environment and strengthen the county's ecology, and vigorously developed returning farmland to forests, ecological agriculture and green industries, making Mingshan a "natural oxygen bar" and a "green world" and a "back garden of Chengdu" with beautiful scenery and pleasant environment.

Famous mountain agriculture is rich in grain and oil, tea and fruit. Traditional aquaculture such as pigs, cattle, sheep, chickens, ducks, geese, fish, rabbits and silkworms has flourished. In order to improve agricultural economic benefits, the pace of agricultural industrial structure adjustment is accelerating. Annual slaughter of 265,000 live pigs. It is a lean commercial pig base county in Sichuan Province, a waterfowl breeding base in Sichuan Province, a key county for grain and oil production, a pilot county for developing herbivorous livestock and poultry, and a key contact county of the State Science and Technology Commission. Mingshan agricultural and sideline products have great development potential and superior conditions.

There are many kinds of minerals in the world. Glauber's salt reserves160 billion tons, which is a super-large deposit with high grade and shallow burial in southwest China. Placer gold, gypsum, limestone, bentonite, shale, humic acid, etc. It also has considerable mining value. Mingshan industry has initially formed a relatively complete industrial pattern in food, chemical industry, machinery, building materials, papermaking, printing, feed, textile and other categories.

Today, the famous mountains are still the only way for Sichuan-Tibet and Sichuan-Yunnan highways. Chengya Expressway and National Highway 3 18 run through the whole territory in parallel. The road network extends in all directions and the traffic is very convenient. There are 9 hydropower stations/kloc-0 in the county, and the power has been obviously improved after the transformation of rural power grid. 1998, natural gas entered the famous mountain, and the exclusive natural gas automobile filling station on Sichuan-Tibet line was officially put into use, with convenient and reliable energy. The installed capacity of program-controlled telephones has reached 40 thousand, and mobile communication network, wireless paging network, Internet and optical fiber communication have been opened.

The mountainous area is a hilly county around the basin, with high terrain in the northwest and low terrain in the southeast. Mengding Mountain, Lianhua Mountain and Zonggang Mountain are surrounded by three mountains. Topography is dominated by platform hills, shallow hills and flat dams, with the highest point of 1456 m (Qingfeng on Mengding Mountain) and the lowest point of 548 m (Luoheping in Qinglong Village, Hongyan Township). Among them, shallow hills and flat dams below 650m above sea level account for 22. 1% of the total area, hilly platforms account for 6 1.2%, and low mountains above 800m account for 16.7%.

natural conditions

Mingshan County is located in the subtropical monsoon humid climate zone, with no severe cold in winter, no heat in summer, abundant rainfall and warm and humid all year round. The annual average temperature is 15.4℃, and the highest temperature is 35.2℃. The annual average rainfall is about1500mm; The average annual frost-free period is 298 days; Annual average sunshine 10 18 hours; The annual average relative humidity is 82%.

Rich in land resources and diverse in soil types. The county's construction land 10685 1.8 mu, agricultural land 780585.5 mu and unused land 13664 mu. The land area in the urban planning area is 29,678 mu, and the land area that can be converted into construction land is16,365 mu. Soil types are divided into 5 soil types, 9 subclasses, 18 soil genera, 47 soil species and 139 varieties. Acidic and slightly acidic soils account for 64% of the cultivated land area, with good light and heat conditions, strong soil fertility and relatively concentrated patches. There are 488,000 mu suitable for growing tea.

Agricultural products have unique resources. This famous mountain is called the "granary" of Ya 'an. Traditional crops include rice, wheat, corn and rape, and are rich in tea, pigs, poultry, silk and other major agricultural products. It is a production base county of pollution-free livestock products in Sichuan Province and a demonstration county of animal disease-free area. 37 kinds of pollution-free agricultural products such as tea, edible oil and sliced meat.

There are huge reserves of mineral resources available for development. The mineral resources in China are mainly sedimentary deposits, including mirabilite, natural gas, placer gold, gypsum, limestone, bentonite, shale and peat. Among them, mirabilite has a prospective reserve of1.61.60 billion tons, which is a super-large deposit with high grade, shallow burial and easy exploitation in southwest China. The proven natural gas reserves are 654.38+00 billion cubic meters, limestone reserves are about 500 million tons, and peat reserves are abundant.

The ecological environment is superior and there are many kinds of animals and plants. It belongs to subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest area and is known as "green world", "natural oxygen bar" and "ecological paradise". The natural environment is suitable for the survival and reproduction of many kinds of animals and plants. The existing forestry land area is 320,000 mu, the standing stock volume is 1.28 million cubic meters, and the forest coverage rate is 34.2%. Terrestrial wild animals include mammals such as leopard, jackal, wolf and wild boar 14 species, and more than 40 species of birds such as cuckoo, oriole and cuckoo. Aquatic wild animals include carp, silver carp and peach blossom fish 16 kinds of fish. There are 45 families including Pinaceae, Taxodiaceae, Cupressaceae and Ginkgo biloba. Bamboo is rich in resources. More than 0/0 species of rare creatures, such as ancient tea tree, Millennium Ginkgo biloba, Davidia involucrata, Qianfo 'er, orchid, Bai Yan, etc.

High utilization rate of water resources. Rivers mostly originate from the county seat, belonging to Qingyi River and Minjiang River system. The main rivers are Shanhe River, Yanzhen River, Linxi River, Zhuchang River and Lianghe River, with a total basin area of 705 square kilometers. The county's total water resources are 676.8 million cubic meters, with a per capita share of 2,724 cubic meters and a per capita share of 2,724 cubic meters of cultivated land. The utilization of water resources is102.4 million cubic meters, accounting for 13. 15% of the total water resources and 30.2% of the available water. The theoretical reserve of hydropower is 33,560 kilowatts, and the exploitable capacity is 2 1.080 kilowatts. At present, 1, 91.73kW has been developed, accounting for 9 1% of the exploitable capacity. There are 963 water conservancy projects, including 4 branch canals, 5 branch canals, 24 small reservoirs, 585 mountain ponds, with a storage capacity of 35.988 million cubic meters, 205 irrigation stations, 23 power stations, and 7 rural centralized water supply projects.

Traffic communication

transport

In the early days of liberation, there was only a 39-kilometer-long mud-bound gravel road in the county, which was rugged and narrow, with continuous rain and sunshine, and the transportation of materials was basically carried by people and animals. Since the Ninth Five-Year Plan, the bottleneck of transportation infrastructure in famous mountains has been eased: high-speed and high-grade highways have grown from scratch, and the traffic of county and township roads has improved significantly, basically forming a modern highway network with Chengya Expressway and National Highway 3 18 as the skeleton, and national, provincial and county roads connecting towns and radiating villages. At present, the total mileage of highways in the county is 869 kilometers, including: Chengya Expressway is 33 kilometers, National Highway 3 18 is 35 kilometers, the connecting line between the entrance and exit of Hongxing Expressway and National Highway 318 is 4.4 kilometers, county highway 127 kilometers, township road 100 kilometers, and special highway is 20 kilometers, with subgrade width greater than 4.5. Not only 20 towns have cement roads, 152 villages have cars, but also there are more than 10 access roads. In 2003, the county's cargo turnover reached 55.42 million tons kilometers, and the passenger turnover reached 25.45 million kilometers.

Postal communication

Mingshan Post started in the Yuan Dynasty as a "courier shop" specialized in delivering official documents, and was later renamed as "Tongyuanpu" and "Post Station". After liberation, the postal delivery business has been completely transformed, and letters, parcels, summaries, savings, delivery, stamp collecting, newspaper distribution and other businesses are increasing day by day. Telephone communication began with the installation of two 20-door magnetic telephone exchanges in 1952, and achieved a qualitative leap after the opening of digital program-controlled telephone in 1990. Especially in recent years, with the application of mobile GPRS wireless packet technology and the completion of telecom optical fiber metropolitan area network, it provides a fast information channel for the sustained and rapid development of county economy and society. In 2003, the total length of telecommunication optical cable in the county reached 144 km, the communication pipeline in the county reached 16 km, the capacity of program-controlled switches reached 32,000, 26 mobile base stations, 2/kloc-0 telecommunication access points and 935 registered Internet users. By the end of the year, the number of telephone users in the post and telecommunications public network reached 20 122. Telecommunications and mobile networks cover 20 townships in the county, and 187 villages have telephones. There are 23,000 mobile users in urban and rural areas and 23,000 telecom users, including 65,438+2,000 rural telephone users and 4,000 wireless local telephone users.

Characteristic culture

tea culture

Elegant tea culture is indispensable in China traditional culture, and Mengshan tea culture is a wonderful flower in the world tea culture. According to historical records, during the Ganlu period of the Western Han Dynasty (53-50 BC), Wu Lizhen, a county native, began to plant tea on Mengding Mountain, which became the earliest recorded artificial tea-making place in China. In Modern Chinese Dictionary, the word "Meng" is specially annotated with "Mengshan Tea" produced in Mengshan Mountain, Mingshan County, Sichuan Province. Mengshan tea, from medicines, drinks, tributes to commodities, has been enduring for more than two thousand years because of its excellent quality. The utilization of tea is the first medicine. Shennong's Classic of Materia Medica: "Shennong tasted a hundred herbs and encountered 72 poisons every day, and got tea (tea) to solve it." Ji Sheng in the Ground tells the story of a monk who has been ill for a long time in Mengshan, and takes Leiming tea from the immortal family in Mengshan to solve his chronic illness. According to textual research, tea is a kind of beverage at the earliest, which originated in Sichuan and Sichuan in Qin and Han Dynasties, and then gradually spread to other places. Since the end of the Western Han Dynasty, it has become a senior drink for monks and royalty, and drinking tea in the court more frequently when visiting the Three Kingdoms. In the first year of Tianbao in Tang Dynasty (742), Mengding famous tea was listed as a tribute because of its excellent quality and exquisite craftsmanship. In the fifth year of Wenzong (840), Mengding famous tea was given to Japanese friends as a national gift. From the Tang Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty, Mengding famous tea paid tribute every year, 1200 years without interruption. After Mengding famous tea became a commodity, Tang Tianbao was expensive during the years. When Xuanzong proclaimed himself emperor, Yang Ye wrote A Record of Good Fu Cha Handling, which recorded that "a catty of silk cannot be tied easily for spring tea". In the Song Dynasty, due to years of war, all the horses needed were replaced by tea. As a famous brand, Mengshan Tea has become the special tea for Yima, "No one is allowed to use it, but it will be used forever". "Tea and Horse Department" is located 3 kilometers west of Baizhang Lake, next to National Highway 3 18, and was built in Xining, Song Shenzong for seven years (1072). It is the only well-preserved official institution site in China that specializes in tea-horse trade. Mengshan tea is not only famous for its high taste, but also has written a brilliant chapter for national stability and national unity, so it has been highly praised by scholars in past dynasties. "The water of the Yangtze River, the top tea of Mengshan" is sung through the ages; Bai Juyi's metaphor that "there is only green water in the piano and only Mengshan is old in the tea"; Li sincerely lamented in Mengshan Baiyunyan Tea Poetry that "if you teach Lu to hold public opinion, it should be the best tea in the world"; In Song Dynasty, Wentong's tea tasting experience of "Cha Sheng in Shu, Mengshan Tea is absolutely delicious" endowed Mengshan Tea with unparalleled tea culture. After the founding of New China 1958, the "Chengdu Conference" was held in the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. After tasting the famous Mengding tea, President Mao Zedong said, "Mengshan tea should develop and meet the masses". Royal tea in the past has now entered the homes of ordinary people.

Buddhist culture

Mengding Mountain is as famous as Emei Mountain and Qingcheng Mountain in central Sichuan since ancient times. The reason is that there are many monks in Mengding Mountain, and they are quite famous in the Zen forest. There were 72 temples and courtyards in the history of the famous mountains, of which Mengding Mountain accounted for half, and the Buddhist culture and history are profound. During the Three Kingdoms period, Master Kongding, a Buddhist monk in Tianzhu, came to China along the Southern Silk Road, where he was called "Brahman's hair". Buddhism flourished because of the large number of people visiting Taoism and seeking dharma, and became Brahma Temple, known as "Great Brahma Paradise". Time has changed and the years have changed. Mengshan Buddhist Temple ranges from "Dafanyin Courtyard" to "Longquan Courtyard", "Menglong Courtyard" and then to "Yongxing Temple". Although it has experienced several ups and downs, Mengshan Buddhism has been passed down from generation to generation. As a Zen Sect, it is widely practiced and committed to carrying forward the Buddhist culture of Everbright Mengshan. In the Tang dynasty, it coincided with the tribute of Mengshan tea to the royal family. Monks in Mengshan studied tea art, and "Zen and tea simultaneously" was the first of its kind. In the Northern Song Dynasty, Monk Ganlu, the abbot of the Western Regions, collected a large number of Buddhist classics and tantric yoga, and compiled Interpretation of Mengshan and Confessions, which were handed down from generation to generation as compulsory rituals of Buddhist evening classes. According to the Book of Rites, the religious ceremony of holding rituals, giving alms to all sentient beings, and avoiding the suffering of hunger and thirst is called putting Mengshan, which is also called putting fire in the mouth, practicing Buddhism and offering support. With the wide spread of the Enlightenment of Mengshan and the Great Confessions, the Buddhist culture of Mengshan has spread far and wide at home and abroad, and its followers are very believers in Europe, America, Japan, Southeast Asia, Hong Kong and Taiwan. Nowadays, the ancient Hongyu Temple in Mengshan is full of incense, and the Zen Buddhism in Yongxing Temple, Qianfo Temple and Tiangai Temple still exists. Every year, many believers and overseas laymen come to pay homage.

Sacrificial culture

"Shangshu Gong Yu" records: "Cai Meng traveled through Pingping, and he was a foreigner." Zhu, a scholar in the Song Dynasty, commented: "It is the name of two mountains. Mengshan Prefecture governs Qingyi County, which belongs to Shu County, that is, this famous mountain county of Yazhou. Those who go to Pingping will go to sacrifice after finishing their work. It means that Yu Xia pacified the floods in Caishan and Mengshan, climbed Mengshan to worship heaven, and celebrated the success of water control with local ethnic minorities. This left a profound sacrificial culture. Rituals and customs of offering sacrifices to Confucius, Guan Yue, the altar of state and the altar of Xiannong were very popular in ancient famous mountains. Later, "Imperial Tea Sacrifices to Heaven and Ancestors" is the evolution and extension of Yu Xia's thought of worshipping heaven. Therefore, historical records record that "the name of Mengshan began in Gong Yu", and Mengshan is also called "Mengshan in Gong Yu" and "Holy Mountain". Today, Mengding Mountain still has the ancient ladder road, Yu Palace and Xia Dayu's statue of offering sacrifices to heaven.

Red army culture

1935165438+1October 13. The Red Fourth Front Army entered the famous mountain. From 16 to 2 16, 6 divisions of the Red Fourth Front Army, 17 regiments, with more than 20,000 people, under the command of revolutionaries of the older generation, fought fiercely with-Liu Xiangjun in Baizhangguan area, killing more than 50,000 people/kloc-0. Later, due to the disparity between the enemy and the enemy, the Red Fourth Front Army entered Mengding Mountain and Lianhua Mountain to dig trenches and build fortifications to defend against danger. In the famous mountain campaign, the Red Army brushed and carved a lot of propaganda slogans, spreading the flame of revolutionary struggle against exploitation, oppression and Chiang Kai-shek's resistance to Japan. Organize and mobilize the masses, fight local tyrants, divide movable property and establish Soviet regime; Actively mobilized young men and women to join the Red Army, and 57 famous Red Army soldiers died heroically in the subsequent Long March battle. The stone slogans and trench remains left by the Red Army when it was stationed still exist today. The relics of the Red Army displayed in the Red Army Memorial Hall and the inscriptions of the older generation of revolutionaries reproduce the eventful years of that year. Mengshan Red Army culture is a good subject for future generations to cherish the memory of revolutionary martyrs and carry out revolutionary traditional education. The spirit of the Red Army has become a glorious page in the spiritual culture of famous mountains.

tourist resources

Mengding Mountain is known as "Mengshan Mountain in Gong Yu" because of Yu Xia's water control footprint, and it is also known as "immortal tea" and has been recorded in history. Tourists are amazed by its beautiful natural scenery and long history of tea culture, and Mingshan County is also named after Mengding. Baizhang Lake in China is located on the right side of Sichuan-Tibet Highway 1 13 km, with a water surface of more than 3,000 mu and a perennial storage capacity of 20 million cubic meters. Famous mountains are the hometown of tea and one of the cradles of tea culture in China. The history of growing tea in Mengshan began in the Western Han Dynasty. Mengding famous tea began to pay tribute in the Tang Dynasty and lasted for more than 1200 years. After the founding of New China, Mengding famous tea was officially listed as the national gift tea, and Mingshan tea became famous all over the world with the famous phrase "The water of the Yangtze River is the top tea of Mengshan Mountain". The county's existing tea garden covers an area of 60,000 mu, with a dry tea output of more than 4,000 tons, including more than 700 tons of famous tea. It is a national breeding base for improved varieties of tea trees.

Famous mountain tourism resources are very rich. There are more than 70 human landscapes and natural scenic spots that can be developed in China. There are various types of mountains, lakes, gorges and forests with rich connotations. Mengshan and Baizhang Lake have provincial-level scenic spots. Mengshan Mountain is famous for the traces of Yu Xia's water control. Mengdingxian tea has enjoyed a long-standing reputation since the Tang Dynasty, and the beautiful mountains and rivers complement each other. Adjacent to Mengshan, Shili Lake is blue, and a mountain island is among them. The lakeside is tree-lined, beautiful, elegant and quiet, ducks play in the water in winter and spring, and Bai Ou gets together in summer and autumn. It can be called a water park on the Sichuan-Tibet line. Tsing Yi Lake, Shuanglong Gorge and Heizhu Forest Park have their own characteristics, which make people linger.

202 1 1 2 1, the famous mountain area was included in the list of advanced counties (cities, districts) in Sichuan Province to implement the rural revitalization strategy in 2020.

In August 2020 18, the mountainous area was listed as a demonstration county for the classification and resource utilization of rural domestic waste in 2020.

In June 2020, the famous mountain area was included in the second batch of revolutionary cultural relics protection and utilization counties (Long March District (Red Fourth Army)).

On February 6, 20 16, the famous mountain area was included in the list of counties (cities, districts) with basically balanced development of compulsory education in China in 20 15.