Mr. nan, a master of Chinese studies, talks about Zhu's way of managing the family.

I will tell you an article "Zhu (Egret) Family Management Motto". I will tell you the importance of this article. I can recite it at the age of eight. I'm not the only one who can recite. At that time, we were studying, and it was impossible for a family's children not to recite this article.

What's more, look at our personality education at that time. A piece of paper was put up in the study at home and a line was drawn. There are one hundred frames, some of which are thirty frames, one after another. What's its name? "merits and demerits"

After reading the book by myself every day, my father sat in the back and said, think about it, is there anything wrong? Think for yourself: Yes, pick up a black pen and point a black dot in the box. What's the good news? Yes, so-and-so has no oranges to eat. Fortunately, I gave him an orange and put a red dot in the box. Every day's thoughts and actions, the good ones are red and the bad ones are black, show yourself, this is called merit, and that's how we come.

The motto of Zhu Zi's family management has influenced China for more than 300 years, and all the people in China have been affected. I can say that the Manchu dynasty ruled 40 million China people for nearly 300 years. What does it depend on? In this article, everyone didn't find it. Who wrote this article? Zhu Bailu in the late Ming Dynasty.

Excuse me, did he graduate from Renmin University or Peking University? Or Fudan? Which middle school is Shanghai or Suzhou? Nothing. He is a "student". What is a student? Ordinary readers. He didn't want to be conquered people because of the death of the Qing Dynasty and his father, so he didn't come out and studied hard at home. But he was not used in the Qing Dynasty, and his articles were accepted and circulated by Chinese people.

You see (original):

Get up at dawn, sweep the courtyard, clean inside and outside; When you are unconscious, you will rest. If you close the door, you will behave well.

I am 90 years old this year, and how much this kind of education has influenced me. You ask them, some of their classmates follow me, and I walk around by myself every night. Is the window closed? Is the door locked? It has become a habit, and I don't feel at ease if I don't go to see it. This is the education I received when I was eight or nine years old. "If you close the door, you must behave yourself."

It is not easy to think about a porridge and a meal.

A bite of rice is not easy to eat!

Half a silk and half a wisp, persistent thinking is difficult.

You know, saving is not consumption stimulating production!

It is better to prepare for a rainy day than to dig a well when you are thirsty.

Do things well in advance, don't dig wells and draw water when you are done.

Self-service must be simple, and banquet guests should not stay.

Use your property as sparingly as possible for yourself. These karaoke friends will drink seven or eight bottles of brandy a day. These friends seldom come, "don't dawdle", you can say hello, and you can't dawdle too much.

The utensils are clean and tidy, and the tile (fǒu) is better than the golden jade.

Don't care too much about what you use at home, just use it clean.

Eat well, garden vegetables are better than delicacies.

Simple tea and light rice are better than anything.

Don't run fancy houses, don't seek fertile land.

Don't say how luxurious the house is, five-star hotel or something, it's unnecessary.

Three aunts and six wives are the media of prostitution and theft.

Some troubled women, including matchmakers, fortune tellers, witches and wizards, pimps, drug dealers, midwives and traffickers, have little contact.

It is not a blessing to have a beautiful girl and a concubine.

Little secrets, what outsiders, lovers, the more beautiful the worse. It is the blessing of boudoir and divorce.

Don't be handsome as a servant, and don't make up as a wife and concubine.

Don't use beautiful footmen, for fear that ladies and gentlemen are unreliable. Wives and maids should not dress up too beautifully, which is equivalent to a boss saying to me, teacher, there are no women in my head office. Because the ugly ones don't like it, and the beautiful ones are unreliable, so I don't need it. I was right.

Although the ancestors are far away, the sacrifice must be sincere; Although children and grandchildren are stupid, they must read classics. The period of life is simple, and teaching children to be righteous.

"Living in the body" refers to yourself, trying to be frugal and simple, and not flashy. There should be ways to educate children and grandchildren and help them according to their natural endowments and interests, but they should be measured. I said that parents are wrong now, and it is wrong to set unattainable goals on children, and they don't understand "righteousness".

Don't covet unexpected wealth and don't drink too much.

Don't be greedy, getting something for nothing is mostly a bad thing. Wine is not telling you not to drink, but not to drink too much.

Deal with your shoulders, don't take advantage.

Small vendors, carrying the burden to the door, don't haggle over every ounce, people don't have the ability to be bosses, and when they are vendors, they make money. You said he lied to me, even if he lied to him, he would go back to support his family!

When you meet poor neighbors, you must be more considerate. Being mean and starting a family won't last long.

Be kind and help others, especially if you are a big boss and mean to employees, you will not succeed, and if you don't enjoy it for a long time, you will be rewarded.

Lun Chang is a good boy (Chu m: n), and he will die soon.

For example, if you are not filial to your parents, you will soon collapse.

Brothers and uncles, you must be more generous.

Greet brothers and sisters and help each other.

Young and old, both inside and outside, should be strict with themselves.

I read it this way! I memorized it when I was studying! It's back! (Note: Family management should be strict, regardless of age, we should abide by family rules and laws to make families happier and happier).

Listen to the woman, good flesh and blood, is it a husband?

Listen to your wife, sorry for your parents and brothers, not men. On the other hand, it is not a heroine for a wife to listen to a man and do so.

Value (z: and, with "capital") wealth, thin parents, not children.

He only looks at money and doesn't know how to be filial to his parents. He said it wasn't a person.

Marry a wife and choose a husband, not seeking re-employment.

Marrying a daughter depends on whether the other boy is good, not whether he has money.

Marrying a daughter-in-law and seeking a lady is not thickness (lián, the capital of marriage).

Ask for a daughter-in-law, don't expect her family to marry much, it depends on whether the girl is good or not.

Flattery at the sight of wealth is the most shameful thing.

See officials, status and wealth, are very flattering. When I was in Taiwan Province Province, someone once invited an overseas Chinese leader back. He is old, and the old man sits on it and farts while eating. That's rude. The person next to him is still a diplomat: hmm! No taste, no taste. The old man's overseas Chinese leader is very unhappy. Because of his idea, the old man farts tasteless and will soon die. He was very unhappy to hear the diplomat say so. The diplomat understood, and after a while said, hmm! Now it tastes a little bit. It is the most shameful thing to shoot "people who flatter when they see wealth"

He who is arrogant when he meets poverty is nothing more than a base.

Seeing that others are poor and look down on others, I am too cheap.

Avoid disputes at home, and the lawsuit will eventually be fierce.

It's best not to go to court, because it's not good for both sides.

Don't talk too much in life, you will suffer.

Talk less.

Do not bully widows by force or kill birds by greed.

Don't think that you have money, status and power and bully the weak. Don't kill just because it's delicious.

If you are partial, you will regret many mistakes.

If you are too withdrawn or self-righteous, you must have many regrets and mistakes.

It's hard to succeed in one's home. If you are naughty, you will get bored for a long time.

Depression and self-indulgence are equal to failure. Don't make friends with those young taibao and hooligans. There are many places of entertainment like karaoke, such as Shanghai and Beijing, which are bound to be dragged down by them.

Qu Zhi is old, but if you are in a hurry, you can rely on each other.

Keep in touch with mature and reliable people to help you grow up and be reliable in an emergency. You can learn a lot by interacting with the elderly. Of course, nice people, like us, had better not associate. (Laughter)

If you listen lightly, you will feel inhuman (zèn, framed and slandered). Be patient and think twice before you act.

Just listen to people telling you, ouch! So-and-so says you are not good. That's because people want to provoke you! So don't just listen.

If you argue about something, you can't know it's not me.

Because things conflict with people, it is not necessarily the fault of others. First of all, we should reflect on our mistakes.

Don't forget to give help, but don't forget to accept it.

These two sentences have had a profound impact on my life. They are the spirits of Buddhism, Confucianism and Taoism. They helped others and gave them benefits. Don't keep them in mind, but throw them away. "Gratitude" benefits people a little, and we should always remember it.

Leave room for everything and be proud of it. People are happy and should not be jealous.

People should leave room for things and don't take advantage of good things. If you use them, you will get into trouble. The so-called "contentment is always happy." It's good to be jealous of others. See this man's car is better than yours, hum! What is this? Is jealousy. There are many things about women. I saw a woman wearing beautiful clothes coming across, hum! Jealousy means, what are you? It's simple. I'll buy you one later.

People should not be happy when they are in trouble.

Just be happy when others are in trouble! This is not right.

It's not true that you want to be seen by others.

I hope others know that I have done something good, which shows that my motives are not pure or kind, but it is hard to tell whether things are good or bad.

Fear of being known is a great sin.

I did something bad for fear that people would know. This is terrible.

Seeing the color, I want to report my wife and daughter.

When it comes to boys, girls are similar, and the result should be on relatives.

Hide resentment with arrows in the back, delaying future generations.

If you defy other people's hearts, stab them in the back and play tricks on others secretly, future generations will be punished.

The family is happy, although it is not Y ng s ū n behind, but it is still enjoyable.

The family get together happily and calmly, even if there is no food to eat.

I finished my Chinese class early, but there was nothing left in my bag (tuó, pocket). I was complacent.

The state wants taxes, so pay them quickly, and don't evade taxes. Tax evasion, finally can't stand it! He even helps pay taxes, ha! So how could Emperor Kangxi not advocate this maxim? Keep reading!

Reading is aimed at sages, serving officials and serving the country.

Finally, he told us that "reading aims at sages", and reading is not for getting high salary, but for learning and asking questions. It takes sages as an example, takes sages as the highest goal, and does not seek the name of sages or hypocrisy. You don't have to be an official to study. Unfortunately, when you come out to be an official, you will "be an official with an imperial country." Since you come out as a civil servant, you must be responsible to the people and to the social state.

Obey life and listen to the weather. If you do this, you will be very close.

Know your duty, know your time, know your situation, do your duty and listen to your destiny, so be a man, he said, just like a person.

This article was written by a native of Kunshan, Jiangsu Province, and influenced China for three or four hundred years. You see, the ancient prose read by China intellectuals, 1,000 poems, a young scholar Qiong Lin and 300 Qian Qian were not compiled by professors or doctors from Renmin University. No. So I said, look at the culture of China for thousands of years. The government didn't spend much money, and the people raised their own children, which influenced a country and the whole era.

(Teacher nan huaijin speaks at the "Lecture for Teachers and Students of National College of China Renmin University")

Chinese Studies and China Culture