Hubei Yugur Opera Props

Fishing drum, also called drum and bamboo harp. Simple board, also known as Jane. Popular in Hubei, Hunan, Shandong, Guangxi and other regions. It appeared in the Song Dynasty, such as Su Hanchen's acrobatic children's drama (Figure 4-9 of China Music History). Wang Qi's "Three Stories" in the Ming Dynasty said: "Fishing drums cut bamboo into baskets, three or four feet long, with the skin as the head, and the epithelium of the pig basket is the thinnest, so you can hit it with two fingers. There are bamboo slips, two feet long, four or five minutes wide and half thick, with the ends slightly reversed. When singing, use two pieces to make peace. "

The fishing drum is made of bamboo tube, the length is 65- 100 cm, the drum surface diameter is 13- 14 cm, and one end is covered with pigskin, sheepskin or oil film (pig bladder membrane). When playing, the left hand holds the fishing drum vertically and the right hand beats the drum surface. Fingers include "strike" (four fingers strike at the same time), "roll" (four fingers strike alternately), "wipe" (four fingers beat the drum to stop the sound) and "bounce" (four fingers strike alternately).

The simple board is made of bamboo, with a length of 45-65cm and a width of 1.7-2cm. One end is bent outward, and two pieces are a pair. Pinch the pronunciation with your left hand while playing. Accompany Yu Gu and Dao Qing with Yu Gu.

In recent years, a new fishing drum that can play melody has been improved and made, which is called Qin drum. Its predecessor was the accompaniment instrument of Sichuan folk music "Zhu Qin". It consists of sixteen bamboo tubes with different lengths. One end of the pipe is made of Mengniu skin or sheepskin, fastened with bamboo rings and arranged in two rows on the wooden frame. Play bamboo arrows. Range d-f 1. Shanghai Film Orchestra and Shanghai Conservatory of Music developed a 27-tone fixed-tone fishing drum. Produced by Suzhou Third National Musical Instrument Factory. Phonemes are arranged in rhythm, and the range is F-G2. Maintains the mellow and quiet timbre of the traditional fishing drum.

Fishing drums are mainly distributed in Jieshou, Taihe, Yingshang, Linquan, Fuyang, Bozhou, Yang Guo, Lixin, Mengcheng and Shenqiu, Xiangcheng, Zhoukou, Taikang and Dancheng. The first batch of fishing drum artists are mainly distributed in Guangwu Town, Lucun Town and Ji Gu Town.

Jieshou Fishing Drum originated in Ming Dynasty, the exact year is unknown, and flourished in Daoguang period of Qing Dynasty. 1920 or so, it was the first heyday of the development of fishing drums, and its influence area reached Taihe County, Fuyang City and Mengcheng County in Anhui Province in the east and shenqiu county, Xincai County, dancheng and Taikang County in Henan Province in the west.

The first fishing drum in the world is mainly singing, supplemented by white clips. Because of the long and narrow boundary between north and south, it is divided into "high-pitched fishing drum" in the south and "low-pitched fishing drum" in the north. The instruments they hold are percussion instruments, that is, fishing drums and simple boards. Most of the songs they sing are traditional bibliographies, and they sing loudly and euphemistically.

The music of the First Fishing Drum has been included in the Anhui Volume of China Quyi Music Integration. Experts call it "a flower of Anhui Quyi", which is known as the "living fossil" of Heying Valley, and has important cultural and artistic research value. It is a fragrant and wonderful flower in China Quyuan.