What are the top ten passes in China?

Shanhaiguan, Tongguan, Jiayuguan, Juyongguan, Youyiguan, Yanmenguan, Zijingguan, Jianmenguan, Niangziguan and Wushengguan.

Shanhaiguan 1

Shanhaiguan, also known as Guan Yu, Guan Yu and Lu Linguan, is located at 0/5 km northeast of Qinhuangdao City, Hebei Province. It is one of the northeast passes of the Great Wall in Ming Dynasty, and is known as "the first pass in the world", "the throat of the border county and the guarantee of the capital".

In the 14th year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (138 1 year), the city was built, the customs were built and the guards were set up, so it was named Shanhaiguan. Shanhaiguan city is about 4 kilometers in circumference, connected with the Great Wall and taking the city as the gateway. The city is 14 meters high and 7 meters thick, with four main doors and various defensive buildings.

Including "the first pass in the world" Arrow Tower, Jingbian Tower, Muying Tower, Lulin Tower, Wengcheng and 1350-meter-long Great Wall of the Ming Dynasty Plain.

2. Tongguan

Tongguan is located in the north of Tongguan County, Weinan City, Shaanxi Province, with the Yellow River in the north and the mountainside in the south. Built in the first year of Jian 'an in the Eastern Han Dynasty (196). Tongguan is the eastern gate of Guanzhong, which has always been a battleground for military strategists, ranking second among the top ten famous customs in China and known as the "first pass";

Emperor Qianlong visited the great rivers and mountains of the empire. As for this trip, he couldn't help feeling the rigor of Tongguan, leaving a "first pass" gilded imperial book on his forehead outside the tower.

3. Jiayuguan

Jiayuguan, known as "the first male pass in the world", is located in the middle of the narrowest valley 5 kilometers west of Jiayuguan City, Gansu Province. The walls on both sides of the city pass through the desert Gobi, connecting the Great Wall of Montenegro in the north and the first pier in the world in the south. It is the westernmost pass of the Great Wall of Ming Dynasty, which was once called the throat of Hexi in history. Because of its dangerous terrain and magnificent buildings, it is called lock key.

4. Juyongguan

Juyongguan, a famous ancient Guancheng along the Great Wall in the north of Beijing, is one of the "Nine Wonders in the World" and the eighth of the "Eight Dragons in Taihang Mountain", and is a state-level cultural relics protection unit.

The valley where Guancheng is located belongs to the mountainous area where Taihang Mountain is a military stronghold. The western hills are sandwiched with huge streams and cliffs, and the terrain is extremely dangerous. Juyongguan, Zijingguan, Daomaguan and Guguan are also called the four famous passes in western Beijing in Ming Dynasty, among which Juyongguan, Zijingguan and Daomaguan are also called the inner three passes.

5. Friendship Pass

Friendship Pass is located at the southwest end of Pingxiang City, Chongzuo City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. The end of National Highway 322 passes through Youyiguan Arch and connects with Vietnam Highway. It is an important land passage to Vietnam, a national first-class port, and it is 8 km away from Pingxiang City/Kloc-0.

On the left of the building is the wall of Zuobi Mountain, and on the right is the wall of Fu You Mountain, just like a huge python connecting the foothills of two mountains.

6.yanmenguan

Yanmenguan is located on the mountainside of Yanmen in the northwest of Daixian County, Shanxi Province. This is an important place for military strategists of past dynasties to defend Kyoto and the Central Plains.

Yanmenguan has a circumference of two miles, a wall of two feet high, a toothed brick seat and triple holes, namely, the East Gate, the West Gate and the Small North Gate. There is a balcony on the east gate, named Wild Goose Pagoda, and there is a stone tablet embedded at the door, which reads "natural barrier" (that is, "natural barrier").

7.Zijingguan

Zijingguan, located on Zijing Mountain in Yixian County, Hebei Province, is one of the important passes of the Inner Great Wall. Because it is located between Juyongguan and Daomaguan, it was collectively called "Neisanguan" in Ming Dynasty, which is an important entrance for Hebei Plain to enter Taihang Mountain area.

Zijingguan was built in the Warring States period. It was tamped with mud and stones in the Han Dynasty, and then expanded and repaired by generations. In the early years of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty, it was based on stone strips, covered with bricks and filled with lime and gravel.

Since Cheng Zu moved to Beiping in the Ming Dynasty, he has built more buildings and restored the city. During the years of Zheng Tong, Jingtai, Hongzhi, Jiajing, Wanli and Chongzhen, Guancheng was rebuilt and expanded, castles and passes were added, and Panshan Road was dug, which made Zijingguan form a relatively complete defense system.

8. Jianmenguan

Jianmenguan, located in the south of Jiange County, Sichuan Province 15km, where Jianmen Mountain is interrupted, with cliffs on both sides, straight into the sky and peaks like swords. Cliff cliff, the two walls are opposite, shaped like a door, so it is called "sword door". Enjoy the reputation of "the sword gate is dangerous in the world".

Jianmenguan, formed in Cretaceous, is a rare Danxia landscape with wall-like conglomerate cliffs in the world. It is a natural gateway, with a vertical height of nearly 300 meters and a narrowest bottom of only 50 meters. This is the first level in the world.

9. Niangziguan

Niangziguan is located at the junction of Pingding County, Shanxi Province and Hebei Province, and is the throat of Shanxi Province. In the early years of the Tang Dynasty, Princess Pingyang, the third daughter of Gao Zu Li Yuan, led troops to guard this place, hence the name "Niangziguan".

Niangziguan is also famous for its beautiful scenery and pleasant scenery. "Niangziguan Waterfall" hangs hundreds of feet high and descends along the cliff, forming a gorgeous "water curtain waterfall", such as spraying pearls and scattering jade to the end. There are scenic spots such as water curtain cave and Baotu Spring beside the waterfall, and the scenery is extremely beautiful.

Wushengguan 10

Wushengguan, located at the junction of Xinyang and Hubei, Henan Province, connects the Central Plains in the north and Ezhou in the south. It is one of the three ancient customs of Yiyang and an important pass between Dabie Mountain and Tongbai Mountain in ancient China. In the Spring and Autumn Period, it was called Zhiyuan and Lishan. After the Qin Dynasty unified China, it was changed to Wuyang Pass. In the Southern Song Dynasty, it was renamed Wushengguan.

Wushengguan, known as the treasure house of geomantic omen, is the east-west intersection of Tongbai Mountain and Dabie Mountain in the east of Qinling Folding Mountain System, and the midpoint of China's north-south geography.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Ten Famous Customs