What poems did the Qing Dynasty poet Yuan Mei write? Describe the sigh of nostalgia.

1736 (the first year of Qianlong) Yuan Mei, who was only 2 1 year old, came to Guilin from his hometown of Hangzhou to find a new way out.

Yuan Mei's family is not rich. His father and uncle are traveling in other places, and his grandmother is in charge of the family. He has never had a fixed property, lives in a rented house, and has a fence at home, which makes it difficult to use it every day. However, Yuan Mei is famous for her early wisdom in Hangzhou. /kloc-at the age of 0/2, he was admitted to a scholar and was regarded as a child prodigy. At the age of 65,438+08, Cheng Yuanzhang, the governor of Zhejiang Province, went to Song Wan Academy on foot to study. Young Yuan Mei has a wide range of interests, but he doesn't pay attention to the art of imperial examinations. As a result, he failed in one big exam after another.

So, Yuan Mei's grandmother made a decision, paid 22 taels of silver to send him to Jiangxi, and borrowed money to go to Guilin by boat to go to his uncle Justin, who was then the governor of Guangxi. Justin is not polite to poor Yuan Mei. However, Jinji wanted to test this famous child prodigy, so he ordered him to write a piece of Ode to the Bronze Drum in the Bagui Hall of the Governor's yamen. As a result, Yuan Mei's pen turned and his literary talent soared, winning everyone's praise.

During his stay in Guilin, young Yuan Mei visited Qixingyan and qixia temple in Qixing Park, and wrote a poem entitled "Traveling with Golden Eleven Payne in qixia temple and Looking at the Landscape of Guilin" to commemorate the event. According to the poem, Yuan Mei went to Qixingyan in June. "There is a hole in the mountainside five miles, and the fire will go straight into the crow." According to the previous visit to Qixingyan, nearby qixia temple monks prepared torches and led them in as tour guides, charging different fees according to the size of the caves they visited, which was still the case during the Republic of China (see Travel Notes of Tian Shulan in Guangxi). I think Yuan Mei was also led by local monks.

The peculiar stalactites in Qixingyan surprised and amazed the young Yuan Mei. How did the wonder of "mountains and rivers dissolve in one furnace" come into being? He imagined that it must be the gathering of ancient gods and monsters. "When the wind blows, it suddenly turns to stone." Otherwise, "even if there are thousands of hands and eyes, it is difficult to carve them one by one." After swimming down the mountain, Yuan Mei was still thinking, "I'm from Wan Li, and I'm worried about the moon."

After living in Jinji Magistrate's yamen for three months, the news that Bo Ci was about to take an exam reached Guilin. This book was specially set up by the imperial court to give preferential treatment to the elderly scholars in Dessau who didn't want to take the imperial examination, but Jin Ji specially recommended Yuan Mei, who was 2 1 year old, to attend, and gave him 120 taels of silver to send someone to escort him to Beijing.

When he left Guilin, Yuan Mei was full of gratitude for Jinji. On the one hand, Jin Zhi's special recommendation made him famous, on the other hand, he was full of ambition to get the opportunity to show his talents. In the poem "Recommend Hongci to bid farewell to Zhong Cheng in Guilin" presented to Jinji at parting, he said that he was "Wan Li's bosom friend, and will see great men in the future", and expressed that he would live up to expectations and repay his kindness: "In the autumn of Guilin, Chang 'an traveled all the way. When you say goodbye, you cry first, and you will see your body again and again. "

During his short three months in Guilin, Yuan Mei also forged a friendship with his uncle's servant Chang Ning. In the poem "Farewell to Changning", he said affectionately: "A bosom friend is sensitive to the state of mind when he is poor." ("Don't be the same")

From the poem "Feeling Susceptible when Poor", we can see that Yuan Mei has mixed feelings about his trip to Guilin. After the initial setbacks in his life, he came to Guilin to change his destiny. Here he gained fame and rekindled hope, so he always waited for his good news in his poems.

Yuan Mei is the youngest of more than 200 candidates and has learned a lot. Although he failed again, his reputation as a gifted scholar has spread like wildfire in Beijing. As a result, two years later, Yuan Mei was admitted as a scholar and entered imperial academy, which laid a solid foundation for him to become a literary leader in the past 50 years.

1784, 48 years after leaving Guilin, 69-year-old Yuan Mei came to Guilin again. This time, he traveled westward from Guangzhou along the waterway. He set out in September 16 (Lunar New Year) and arrived in Yangshuo half a month later. At this time, Yuan Mei was already a literary leader, with a good reputation and good health. According to people at that time, he looked over fifty years old.

During the boat trip, Yuan Mei can get a glimpse of the scenery in Guilin. He wrote nine six-character poems to describe what he saw, and thought that they had actually surpassed Tiantai Mountain and Yandang Mountain in his hometown. "Green hairpin according to horizontal pumping, stalagmites hanging alone. To King Ayu, 84,000 towers. " This poem compares the isolated and graceful peaks along the Lijiang River to stupas, which are pleasing to the eye and full of Zen.

Re-entering Guilin made Yuan Mei deeply moved. It can be said that his fame and fortune all his life began in Guilin. Nearly 50 years later, the dying man (Yuan Mei believed that he could only live to be 73) revisited his old haunt. What did he see? Guilin City is getting old for no reason, only the mountains and rivers of that year are shining slightly. Yuan Mei wrote in "Re-entering Guilin City": "The water and rocks are heartless and I have feelings, and the mountains and plains are all past lives", which fully expressed Yuan Mei's sincere feelings for Guilin, the place where he sought his dreams in his early years. He seemed to see his young self standing on the street in Guilin: "Who can dream again, I am still dreaming".

10 On June 8th, Yuan Mei revisited Qixingyan. Only then did he realize that he had not visited the whole cave that summer 50 years ago, but only a small part of it, so he wrote another poem about it.

The Duxiufeng in the center of Guilin, because of its precipitousness, has become a must-see place for Guilin people because of its numerous tourists and stone carvings since ancient times. Yuan Mei wrote a famous poem Du Xiufeng after the tour. The first two sentences, "Without context, a peak suddenly cuts into the south", are considered by later generations to be excellent sentences describing the characteristics of Guilin peaks and are widely quoted. In the poem, Yuan Mei thought of his personal behavior and thoughts from the shape of the mountain peak: "Castle Peak is still as straight as a string, how can life be isolated from the world!"

During this period, Yuan Mei also visited Putuo Temple near Qixingyan. Later, he climbed Diecai Mountain, visited the wind tunnel, and climbed to the top.

During his stay in Guilin, Yuan Mei also visited his former friend's old house, but people are not things, and things are not things, which can only increase his feelings. When I first arrived in Guilin in my early years, I met an iron-bearded layman in the governor's office, who was good at magic and guided health. Yuan Mei regarded him as a fairy. When he went to his former residence again, he found that he had become a Buddhist temple and the original remains were gone. Yuan Mei had to sigh: "Generally, immortals can shed more tears." (Interview with Wei Tiehu Ziyuan's Former Residence)

Yuan Mei's gratitude to Jin Zhi, the former governor, who spared no effort to recommend himself to Beijing (this matter was recorded in the official archives of Guangxi at that time) has been lingering in my mind. This time, he came to the office again and couldn't help feeling a lot: "People's kindness is hard to report, believe me." Yuan Mei wrote in an earlier poem that his uncle wanted to see him, too, because the Governor took good care of him. Today, the glory of the past is gone. "Only the osmanthus tree in front of the court sees public praise and public pity." ("I have the recommendation of Baguitang, and I have the recommendation of Master Shande")

In the past 50 years, few people in Guilin now know the former governor Jin. Yuan Mei found that two people still vaguely remember the past. When I relive the past, I can't help but cry like silk. ("Virtue became a government in Guangdong for nine years, but it happened in Yongzheng. Ask the Cantonese, but they are ignorant. However, Liu Xian Anhe Hengyuan monks can still talk about it, and they like to give a poem.

Yuan Mei lived in Guilin for nearly two months, and left Guilin for Hunan in late autumn and early winter. On the day he left Guilin, some local people went to Lijiang to see him off. Among them, there are college directors, local officials, and literati in cloth with poems on board. Yuan Mei was very moved. After arriving in Quanzhou, Hunan Province, Yuan Mei wrote a poem to give it: "Knowing Weng has been declining for half a month, and the dream soul is still around the west of Guilin."

When Yuan Mei left Guilin, many local officials presented poems and gifts. Cenxi county magistrate Li gave a poem to Suohe, and Yuan Mei shook his hand; The great Sima Qingshu Zhai presented a mink coat and hat, Li Songpu presented an Acorus gramineus, and Yuan Mei thanked him with poems.

From Guilin to Xing 'an Lingqu by boat, the distance is more than 100, and Yuan Mei left 10 days. After arriving in Xing 'an, I felt the scenery all the way. Yuan Mei wrote a famous article describing Guilin's landscape: "From the small river to Xing 'an, the water is clear, and the green hills are clustered in the water. I saw the top of Qingshan clearly, and the ship went up on the top of Qingshan. "

On the boat leaving Guilin, Yuan Mei was deeply moved and wrote four poems in a row ("Four on the Boat"). I traveled everywhere, my neighbors laughed at me, and my family dissuaded me, but Yuan Mei had his own understanding: "If it is fame and fortune, it is worrying; Designed for landscapes, where is it not a virtual boat? "

When he left Xing 'an to continue his northbound journey, Yuan Mei was very happy to see a weeping willow by the Guijiang River: "But Jiangnan people still remember me, and foreign teachers have welcomed me for six thousand miles?" ("Going to Xiangshan Temple, there are weeping willows on the river, which I haven't seen since I entered Guangdong")

At this time, Yuan Mei has bid farewell to Guilin, which he can't live without all his life.