The Death of Zhong Er in Jin Dynasty

Zhong Er, Jin Wengong was one of the five tyrants in the Spring and Autumn Period. He lived in exile for 19 years, once returned to China, defeated the powerful Chu state, and then dominated the princes. He was forty-three when he died and sixty-two when he came back. He was a monarch for nine years and died at the age of seventy-one. In the spring and autumn, it is ok to live at his age. But about what happened after his death, it was a little scary.

Quwo is an important place in the state of Jin. In 745 BC, Emperor Zhao of Jin appointed his uncle as Taifu Quwo, and civil strife began in the State of Jin. It was not until 678 BC that Duke Quwo, the grandson of his master, replaced Duke Hou of Jin and became the monarch of the State of Jin, known as Emperor Wu of Jin in history. This place in Quwo has always been the residence of a division. Zhong Er is the grandson of martial arts. Buried in Quwo after death. There seems to be nothing wrong with him. Strange coffin out of the crimson city gate, Niu Jiao's voice. Now, when this happens, the coffin must be opened. It's not known whether anyone proposed to open Zhong Er's coffin. But a thousand years later, something similar happened.

Xiao Chang is dead, and there is a voice in the coffin. Everyone tried to open the coffin, but the princess stopped them. The reason given is that there was a sound in Jin Wengong's coffin. He didn't open it at that time, because it was useless to read it, and people could not live if they died. Of course, it is useless to open a coffin when people are dead, but it is very useful when people are not dead. The ancient technology was not developed, unlike now, all kinds of tests can be done to determine death. At that time, it was impossible to determine whether people were really dead. When they were out of breath, they thought they were dead. In fact, many people may be in a coma, so they are carried out and buried in a daze. I have it now. When cremation is compulsory, people are unwilling to be cremated, and some people are stunned by lightning. The family quickly carried the whole coffin out and buried it. Later, when they opened the coffin, they found that they were suffocated in the coffin instead of being struck by lightning.

The ancients were not technically developed and knew something about themselves. In order to prevent people who are not dead from being carried out of burial, they usually stop for a few days after death. If they want to be resurrected, hurry to be resurrected these days. After a few days, nothing happened, that is, he really died and could go to the funeral. How many days will it take to stop? There are provisions in the Book of Rites

When a vassal dies, he will stay awake for five days, a doctor for three days and a scholar for two days. How many days will the people stop? Definitely less than taxis. In a few days, Mr. Kong doesn't like talking to you, and he won't be polite to Shu Ren. The Book of Rites was the code of conduct at that time. During the Spring and Autumn Period, rites collapsed and music broke down, and everyone did not take "Zhou Li" seriously. However, noble people love to talk about ostentation and extravagance, and generally only go to more places. How many days has Zhong Er been dead?

Zuo Zhuan was written for the Spring and Autumn Period. According to records, Zhong Er in the Spring and Autumn Period died in December. The biography says: "Chen Geng will be buried in Quwo", that is, a funeral will be held the next day.

I am in a hurry. It will take at least five days to make sense. Going to the funeral right after death is a bit hasty, as if to hide something. If there is anything to hide, what will it be? Will Zhong Er be murdered? If so, what was the motive of his killer?

Let's review the international situation a few years before Zhong Er's death. Through the influence of Qin, he returned to Jin. When he first ascended the throne, many domestic forces were restless and used the power of Qin to destroy the domestic opposition. So at the beginning of his reign, Qin Jin was very close. However, as a big country, Qin wants to expand eastward, and the east is the basic territory of Jin, and the contradiction between them is also very serious. In the second year of Wengong, something happened.

King Xiang of Zhou was taken to the throne by his younger brother and defected to Zheng. After Zhong Er acceded to the throne, Qin wanted to send Xiang Wang back to Luoyang, which was a protracted matter. But Jin beat us to it. It should be very unpleasant that Qin's reaction is not recorded in the history books.

In the five years of Wen Gong, the State of Jin made a splash. First he defeated Chu, and then he was raised by Zhou Tianzi.

This is actually Jiu, whose name is Fang Bo. In the future, he can make his own decisions without asking the Emperor of Zhou. What is Qin thinking at this time? I don't know. I think it's jealousy.

In the seventh year of Wen Gong, the State of Jin and the State of Qin jointly attacked the State of Zheng. Nominally, it is because of rudeness when passing by Zheng, but in fact, it is because Zheng's geographical location is more important. Zheng is caught in the middle and is a buffer zone. The state of Jin must pass through here to fight Chu, and the state of Chu must pass through here to fight Jin. In the past, there were various versions of the Five Powers in the Spring and Autumn Period, but in the Five Powers, Chu Jin was the long-term hegemon, while other countries were short-term hegemons, or they only had great influence in the region. Zheng Guo is sandwiched between two overlords, so he can only ally with whoever he calls. But this time, Zheng Guo's performance is different.

These three records are more interesting to look at together. Zheng sent people to lobby Qin, saying that destroying Zheng was not good for Qin, so it was better to stay. If you think it makes sense, you will retreat, not only withdrawing troops, but also leaving an army to defend Zheng. Hu Yan wanted to go to war with Qin, but Zhong Er didn't agree. Finally, a prince close to the state of Jin was established and abdicated.

This shows that in the seventh year of Wengong, the honeymoon period between Qin Jin has ended. Although there is no war, it is not far away. The reason should be that after the battle of Chengpu, Chu in the south stopped and the main rival of Jin turned to the west. Zhong Er owes Qin Mugong a lot, and now he is embarrassed to fight. Another fundamental reason is that Jin has no chance of winning.

After Zhong Er's death, Qin Jin fought almost every year, and the State of Jin was tied with two wins and two losses. If Zhong Er was murdered, it would be unreasonable for the murderer to eliminate the biggest pro-Qin forces in the State of Jin. In fact, the state of Jin has no overwhelming advantage over the state of Qin. It is natural to prevent Qin from expanding eastward, but it is impossible for Jin to make a decisive blow to Qin. It can only be a stalemate. Zhong Er understands this truth, and many people in the State of Jin understand it, so it shouldn't be so stupid.

Wen Gong died of illness for nine years, which was the last time he appeared on the international stage with Zheng. I guess he is in poor health. After all, he is seventy years old. After Zhong Er's death, Prince Huan succeeded to the throne. If the prince can't wait to come to power early, it's unlikely, and the monarch can't wait long. There is no need to take big risks to kill the king.

Look at the sound in the coffin after Zhong Er died. How did Jin deal with it?

Don't say it's a magic stick He always made some predictions in the state of Jin, and they were all right. Of course, there may be more mistakes, but history is not recorded. Zhong Er's coffin gave a cow cry, and prophesied, "Your majesty has said that an army is coming from the west to attack this army, and it will win." . Xi Shi is Qin Shi, and it's a bit strange that the cow's cry in the coffin means coming. But what he said was Wen Gong. Who can refute it?

Oracle is proficient in fortune telling, but he dare not make fun of military affairs. Otherwise, the Jin army will ambush, and if Qin Jun doesn't come, the whole state of Jin will spare him. Since he dares to say so, the only possibility is that he knows that Qin is going to send troops.

At this time, the capital of Qin is in Yong, which is today's Baoji Fengxiang, and the sliding country is in today's Shangqiu, Henan. The distance between them is over 800 kilometers. Zheng is now in Zhengzhou, Henan, 700 kilometers away from Qin. Send troops in January and wipe out the slippery country in February. In other words, when he died, Qin had not sent troops. However, Qi Zi sent spies to inform the State of Qin, and the State of Jin may have known about it by this time. Because of this, it was judged that Qin would send troops.

The invasion of Qin, according to the national interests of Jin, is bound to ambush Qin Jun, but Zhong Er was a pro-Qin faction before his death, and the national policy of Jin was to move closer to Qin. What should we do?

Chu Jin severed diplomatic relations since the Chengpu War, and this year Chu Jin began to contact. Why? It should be that Qin put too much pressure on the Jin army. The Jin army didn't want to fight on the southwest front, so it had to appease the southern line. Zhong Er is not dead at this time, but he may not be able to get out of bed. It is not clear whether this matter refers to Zhong Er or Prince Huan. But from this incident, we can see that Kim's foreign policy has begun to change. In the past, it was to stabilize the state of Qin and compete with the southern state of Chu. Now it is necessary to appease Chu and curb the eastward expansion of Qin.

Xian Zhen's words are a bit illogical. The surname of Jin is Ji, and there are countries with the same surname everywhere. The state of Jin also played its own country with the same surname. Zheng is an example. Why can't others play? Is it reasonable to ask Qin to mourn the king of Jin? In the face of national interests, all the fig leaf in Zhou Li has been torn off. Prince Huan didn't say anything in this discussion. He should support it, otherwise Xian Zhen wouldn't dare to lose such a big temper.

So it's not hard to imagine, isn't Wen Gong pro-Qin? His words are not easy to break, but now he really needs to fight Qin. What should I do? Just find a reason and say it's Wen Gong's own meaning. The cow barked in the coffin. That's great. Let's take this as the reason, saying that Wen Gong's mouth is blocked. As for why there is Niu Jiao's voice in the coffin, it is easy to explain. Bu Yan said that he heard a voice. Will the slave carrying the coffin retort that I didn't hear you?

As we all know, the subsequent result was an attack on Zheng. In the end, he stumbled and all the leaders were arrested. If it weren't for Mrs Wen Gong's kind words, this Qin Jun would have been stewed from top to bottom.

Last question, Wen Gong just died and will be carried to Quwo the next day. What's the hurry?

Zuo Zhuan Justice was written by Tu Yu in the Western Jin Dynasty. Du Yu also found that the next day's funeral was unreasonable, so he explained that Quwo Road was far away and set off early. There are two rivers in Quwo County, Shanxi Province. One is the old Jiang River built in Jin Xiangong in eight years, which is now the ancient city of Zhaokang in Xiangfen, Shanxi, and the other is the new Jiang River moved during the period of Duke Jing of Jin, which is now Houma, Shanxi. Wen Gong's funeral should have come from the old crimson gate, so Crimson is only 30 kilometers away from Quwo. This is the highway now, and the road at that time may not be easy, and it may take three or four days. Besides, is it buried when it is carried to Quwo? number

It was not until April of the following year, after the victory of Qin State, that Wen Gong was buried, and the new custom of black burial was established. Mourning clothes are usually white. Gongzi Huan deliberately wore mourning clothes to fight, but the white mourning clothes were too conspicuous, so he changed them to black mourning clothes, and changed them to black mourning clothes when Wen Gong was buried. It seems that he just won a battle and came back from the battlefield to show off his military achievements. There is nothing to say about this play. When the monarch was alive, he wanted Qin, but he didn't get it. Now he's got it serious. Zhong Er, you can rest in peace.

Zuo Qiuming likes to add some gossip to his articles. He feels that he has nothing to do with history. For example, people can't eat wheat. Anyway, he likes to say that some TV stations won't let him broadcast it. Did Zuo make it up by himself? It is also possible. After all, no one recorded it except him. Tai Shigong also felt strange, so he didn't copy this paragraph.