Introduction to Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty How did Emperor Wu die? Evaluate the merits and demerits of Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty.

Introduction to Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty How did Emperor Wu die? Liu Che: The second feudal king in ancient China, Emperor Wudi, really made the Chinese nation brilliant for several generations. The "Law of the Dead" says that "strength is strong, virtue is martial", which means majesty, strength and wisdom, and benevolence is martial. His great talent and literary skills made the Han Dynasty the most powerful country in the world at that time, and he also became one of the great emperors in the history of China. He is Liu Che, the emperor of the Han Dynasty.

Introduction to Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty:

Liu Che (156-87) is the son of Emperor Liu Che of Han Dynasty, whose original name was Herry Liu. After becoming a prince, he changed his name to Che and became the Emperor of the Western Han Dynasty (the seventh emperor of Han Dynasty). Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty is the ninth son of Liu Qi, the grandson of Liu Heng and the great-grandson of Liu Bang. His mother is Wang and his queen is Wei Zifu. At the age of seven, he was made a prince,/kloc-ascended the throne at the age of 0/6 and died at the age of 70. (In the third year after Emperor Jing (14 1), he ascended the throne in the first month, and died in February in the second year after Yuan Dynasty (87), reigning for 54 years and one month).

During his reign, he inherited the policy of Emperor Jing, cracked down on local separatist forces and strengthened centralization. In legal thought, Dong Zhongshu's suggestion of "ousting a hundred schools of thought and respecting Confucianism alone" was adopted to confirm the feudal orthodox legal thought status of Confucianism. Fifty-four years in office was the heyday of the Western Han Dynasty. An unprecedented great achievement. Liang Wudi's great talent and martial arts made the Han Dynasty the most powerful country in the world at that time, and the Western Han Empire under his rule was even stronger than the Roman Empire. It has become the undisputed center of world civilization, and the era of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty has also become one of the most proud and great times in the history of the Chinese nation. However, due to the increase of corvee military service, the burden on the people increased, causing farmers to resist.

The merits and demerits of Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty;

Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty (reigned before 140- 87) founded the title of the year and was also the first emperor in China to use it. At the beginning of Emperor Wu's accession to the throne, on the one hand, the political situation was relatively stable and the national economic situation was quite good. On the other hand, the separatist factors of vassal States still exist, and the potential threat is not small. Therefore, while continuing to implement various policies of Jingdi, he adopted a series of measures to strengthen centralization.

Politics: In politics, Zhu's suggestion was adopted, "Enzhi" was promulgated, which weakened the power of enfeoffment of vassal states in the early Han Dynasty and strengthened centralization and supervision system. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty also made innovations, including the right to receive photos, the establishment of secretariat, the establishment of a clean government system and other major reforms and innovations.

Military: Reform the military system. Wei Qing and Huo Qubing were sent to crusade against the Huns, which made the northern border counties stable. Zhang Qian was sent to the western regions to contact the captured Dayue people, which opened the northwest frontier and opened the channel for the Western Han Dynasty to contact the western regions and even Central Asia.

Economy: in the economic aspect, we should pay more attention to agriculture than commerce, rectify our finances, issue "accounting" and "warning" orders, levy a merchant asset tax, and vigorously crack down on profiteers; Sang Hongyang suggested that iron smelting and salt boiling should be taken back from the official camp, and counties and States should be prohibited from casting money, and five baht should be cast in a unified way; The establishment of leveling officials and loss-sharing officials, as well as the government's management of transportation and trade, have greatly enhanced the country's economic strength. At the same time, building water conservancy projects, emigrating to the northwest and implementing the "land substitution law" are conducive to the development of agricultural production. Another important measure in the economy was to unify the currency at that time.

Thought: In terms of thought, Dong Zhongshu's suggestion of "ousting a hundred schools of thought and respecting Confucianism alone" was adopted, which made Confucianism the dominant thought in China society, vigorously promoted Confucianism, and established imperial academy in Chang 'an. Confucianism became the orthodox thought of China's feudal rule, which lasted for more than two thousand years and had a far-reaching impact on the politics, society and culture of China in later generations. But it also has disadvantages, that is, it is not conducive to the development of ideological diversification.

Diplomatic relations

Launch a war against the Huns

On the one hand, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty ended the pro-Xiongnu policy since the Mayi Plan in 133, and began to formally declare war on Xiongnu, sending Wei Qing and Huo Qubing to conquer, thus relieving the Xiongnu threat, retaking the Hetao and Hexi Corridor, expanding the territory of the western regions, putting Xiongnu in a passive position and ensuring the economic and cultural development of the north.

Send Zhang Qian to the Western Regions.

While waging war against Xiongnu, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty sent Zhang Qian to the Western Regions, which opened up the famous Silk Road, further strengthened its ties with the Western Regions and developed economic and cultural exchanges between China and the West.

He fought in the northeast and south, and opened up territory in the northeast. Send troops to destroy Weishi Korea (now North Korea), and set up four counties: Le Lang, Xuantu, Lintun and Fan Zhen. At this point, the territory of the Han empire was basically formed.

At the same time, Yelang and Nanyue regimes in the south were attached to the Han Dynasty, and seven counties were established in the southwest, the southernmost of which surpassed Ho Chi Minh City in Vietnam today, which also made today's Guangdong and Guangxi regions return to Chinese territory after the Qin Dynasty.

result

Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty used troops to crusade against Xiongnu and the Western Regions for years, and because of his profligacy in meditation and worship of gods and immortals, he aggravated the corvee and increased taxes, which led to a large number of peasants going bankrupt and exiled. In the second year of Tian Han (the first 99 years), peasant uprisings of different scales broke out in Qi, Chu, Yan, Zhao and Nanyang. However, the attack on Xiongnu made Xiongnu unable to resist the Western Han government and ensured the security of the northern border counties and even the whole country.

The later life of Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty

Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty killed too much in his later years, and he was quite repentant. Li Guangli's attack on the Huns was unfavorable, and the whole army was wiped out. He prayed for the fairy to fail, and the father and son ate each other. Liu Yuxin committed suicide because of witchcraft. All kinds of blows made Emperor Wu disheartened and regretted what he had done in the past. After Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty boarded the Baiming Hall in Mount Tai, he wrote "Guilty Imperial Decree" in Luntai Palace (not Luntai in Xinjiang): "Guilty Imperial Decree in Luntai". "Since I acceded to the throne, everything I have done has made the world miserable, and I can't regret it. Let those who have harmed the people and ruined the world from today! " Admit a mistake. Therefore, the world gradually restored harmony, which laid the foundation for the prosperity of Zhao Xuan and ZTE.

The history book "Imperial edict of internal strife" records: "What I have done since I acceded to the throne has made the world miserable, and I can't regret it. From today on, if there is anything that hurts the people and destroys the world, let it go. It is emphasized that "today's task is to ban violence, stop being good at giving and help farmers." "It's not a question of lack of equipment to fill horses. 」

In 88 BC, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty asked the painter to draw a picture of the Duke of Zhou returning to the DPRK and gave it to Huo Guang, meaning that Huo Guang assisted his youngest son Liu Fuling as emperor. In order to prevent the young mother of the prince, Mrs Gou Jian, from repeating the mistakes of the weighing system, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty made up his mind to find an excuse to execute her. In February 87 BC, Emperor Ding Mao of the Han Dynasty died in Zuo Wu Palace at the age of 70. In March, Shen Jia was buried in Maoling, and the temple was named Sejong.