Yun' an district social undertakings

At the end of 2008, there were 12 medical and health institutions at the township level and above in Yun 'an County, with beds 158 and health technicians/person, an increase of 3 1 person compared with the same period in 2007, including 65,438 doctors and 80 nurses. There are 220 rural health stations in Yun 'an County, with 230 rural doctors and health workers. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and health centers 1, 22 epidemic prevention and health care technicians.

In 2008, Yun 'an participated in 604 person-times of blood donation, and the amount of blood donation was 12. 10000 ml. In 2008, Yun 'an completed 350 hectares of reforestation, an increase of 137 hectares compared with 2007, with an increase of 64.3%. There are 550,000 trees planted around, and the tending area of young forests is 3,670 hectares. By the end of the year, the forest coverage rate reached 66.9%.

In 2008, there were/kloc-0 environmental monitoring stations and/kloc-0 sewage treatment plants in Yun 'an. In the whole year, a total of 8 construction projects1/kloc-0 were approved, including 9 environmental impact reports of construction projects, 9 environmental impact registration forms 109, and 65 acceptance projects were completed. The implementation rate of "three simultaneities" of the project that has been put into production (trial production) is 100%. The total discharge of major pollutants in Yun 'an is controlled within the planned indicators issued by the city, and the industrial sulfur dioxide discharge is 7 1.5 1.79 tons; The compliance rate of industrial wastewater discharge is 99.5 1%. The water quality of Yun 'an section of Xijiang River is excellent, reaching the national Class II water quality standard and meeting the national drinking water source water quality safety standard. The water quality of Pengyuan River, a tributary of Xijiang River, reaches the national Class III water quality standard. The average environmental noise of the county area is lower than the noise standard of the second-class mixed area in the National Environmental Noise Standard for Urban Areas (GB 3096-95). The air quality in Yun 'an is good. Yun' an vernacular

Yun 'an dialect is a kind of Cantonese, similar to Guangzhou dialect. It is distributed in all towns of Yun 'an County, among which Liudu Town only speaks Yun 'an Bai language. In 2000, there were 2 14500 people in Yunnan dialect, accounting for 70.82% of the total population in Yunnan.

Yun 'an Hakka Dialect

Hakka dialect is also called Ya dialect in Yun 'an. In 2000, the population of Hakka dialect in Yun 'an County was 86,000, accounting for 28.39% of the total population. Hakka is spoken in every town except Liudu Town. There are two kinds of Hakka dialects in the county: big words and small words. The former has a large number of users, represented by Dashujiao Village, Xiapinggang, Fulin Town. The latter has a small number of users, represented by Hengjing Village in Baishi Town.

Minnan dialect in Yunnan

Minnan dialect is not widely distributed in Yun 'an, only Zhaitang and Matang administrative villages in Fulin Town. In 2000, the population of Minnan dialect was 2,500, accounting for less than 1% of the total population of Yun 'an. See feng shui

Before the founding of New China, many people believed in "eight characters", ghosts and gods, and geomantic omen. Usually, when things don't go smoothly or smoothly, they will go to divination and fortune telling. There are folk fortune tellers who measure a person's fate according to the year, month, day and time of birth, commonly known as "eight characters". Some men and women ask fortune tellers to set "eight characters" and approve "years old". Please choose an auspicious day when building a house, ask Mr. Geography to choose a "land of geomantic omen" when he is in mourning, ask a sorcerer to ward off evil spirits when he is sick, and ask a Taoist priest to be a Dojo to take a "Bodhisattva" to the countryside in case of natural and man-made disasters, and pray for God's blessing.

After the founding of New China, people's cultural level has been gradually improved, scientific knowledge has been gradually popularized and superstitious activities have been greatly reduced. Almost extinct during the Cultural Revolution. After the 1980s, this superstitious activity resumed in some places.

Hold a Taoist ceremony

Before the founding of New China, many villages were used to offering sacrifices to ghosts and gods for happiness. They also set up a "massage meeting", stipulating that "massage" will be held every three to five years, each time lasting 1 to 3 days and nights. When dipping, set up a cedar shed, erect bamboo, set up a "mountain king", set up an altar, ask Taoist priests to fast, and make an amphibious Dojo outside the community altar or village. Taoist priests chanted prayers and performed magic tricks such as "dancing on charcoal", "climbing a knife mountain" and "beating sand" in a serious way. Finally, Taoist priests with red scarves and torches, led by villagers, spread "fire powder" (a mixture of incense powder and rosin powder) from house to house, which is called "going to the countryside". They caught a handful of women who were often sick everywhere and asked Taoist priests to sprinkle a handful of fire powder on them to drive away evil spirits. At the same time, put "street lamps" along the way from Shetan to the village (a pinch of fire powder wrapped in paper is rubbed into a mushroom shape and lit on the road), and put 1 lamps every few meters, which is strange and beautiful. Taoist priests were also surrounded by the masses to release paper boats and two small live fish into the river, which was called "release". After the founding of New China, this old custom has been abolished. Yunli Festival in Fulin Town began in the Ming Dynasty, flourished in the Qing Dynasty, flourished in the Republic of China and declined in the Cultural Revolution. Held once every ten years (once a day), it consists of four parts: opening the altar, cruising, offering incense and dispersing. After 1980s, Li Hui resumed and injected new contents and formed mass cultural activities. Singing a Village Song, Opening Two Museums (Chen Jikun Memorial Hall and Yunfeng Academy), Appreciation of Five Nights of Traditional Chinese Opera, Photography Exhibition of 100 Paintings and Calligraphy, Thousands of Double Happiness Lanterns Decorating Villages and Alleys of Every Household, More than 1,200 People Parading for Blessing in Miles, and Twenty-four Editions of Yunli Old District will be published in the special issue. During the festival, all the villagers and married women returned to the village. Set up a grand "Hundred Banquets" with 60 seats per day. A collective worship ceremony of thousands of people and a parade of thousands of people praying for blessings passed through seven villages and were watched by thousands of people.

anlong county

Before the founding of New China, the villagers were superstitious about "Feng Shui Long Mai", but in case of natural and man-made disasters, they thought that the dragon gods in the village were weak, so they invited the Taoist priest "Anlong". Its activities include: buying 1 piece of long cloth, making a "dragon" by simulation, or piling rice into a "dragon" in ancestral halls and social altars. Then, the whole village was called to a nearby hilltop, where Taoist priests recited spells and performed magic tricks, and then came down from the mountaintop and "danced dragons" to the altar or ancestral temple. I thought that with the dragon installed, the whole village would be safe and sound, and Ding Cai would prosper. After the founding of New China, this custom has been abolished.

temple fair

There is a custom of holding temple fairs in some parts of the county. Some are held on the same day every year (lunar calendar), and some are held every few years. On the day of the temple fair, local people will make rice cakes and jiaozi, hold banquets to entertain guests, and visit the worshipped gods in the temple. In some places, the gods worshipped in temples are brought around the villages and said "Bodhisattva travels" to pray for good weather, bumper crops and prosperous livestock. The Matang Temple Fair in Fulin Town is held every three years. The villagers are convinced that the parade of Guan Gong (the bodhisattva supported in the temple) can exorcise evil spirits, reduce blessings and rewards to the people, protect the environment and people, and make the coming year more favorable and fruitful. Therefore, folk believers are proud of their active participation and donation. The Matang Temple Fair is centered on the activity of "Bodhisattva Walking" and consists of "opening the altar, walking, burning firecrackers and dispersing the altar". Bodhisattva's outing started at 12 o'clock (midnight) on the ninth day of the fifth lunar month, and it lasted for 13 villages, about 60 villages, and ended the next night.

Burn a gun

The folk custom of "burning firecrackers" introduced from Foshan to the county in the late Ming Dynasty was very popular in the Republic of China. During the "Cultural Revolution", it was regarded as a feudal superstitious activity and was broken. After entering the 1980s, this activity gradually resumed. Setting off firecrackers is a part of sacrificial activities in social altars and temples. The time of setting off firecrackers is consistent with the sacrificial day of local communities and temples. Whenever firecrackers are fired, local people will get together to take part in firecrackers. When burning a cannon, use a homemade rocket to lift the iron ring into the sky. When the hoop is dropped, everyone is fighting for it, which is called "grabbing the gun". The hoop champion will host the gun burning activity next year. On that day, every household held a grand banquet to entertain relatives and friends. Firecrackers are usually burned in front of temples or beside altars. The gun mount is made of bamboo and wood, and its height is about 10 meter. The gun rack in Shangpinggang Village, the democratic village committee of Fulin Town, is 3 feet 6 inches (12 meters) high, which is the highest gun rack in the county.

Fireworks in the cloud is a custom of folk cultural activities in the cloud, which is held twice a year (festival), once on the second day of the second lunar month, also known as the second ploughing festival in February. The activity place is located in Shuikou Shetan, to worship Baigong of Shuikou Shetan. There is a saying that "the upper and lower clouds are beneficial, and firecrackers are set off on February 2", that is, in Shangyunli Village and Xiayunli Village, firecrackers are set off on the second day of February in the lunar calendar every year. Another festival is the sixth day of the sixth lunar month. This is a hot day, and the activity place is located in Huanggang Temple, where the Mi Gong Wang is sacrificed. Before the founding of the People's Republic of China, fireworks grabbing was the most lively activity in the local area. Before burning fireworks, wrap the iron ring at the mouth of the big cup with red cloth and put it on the top of the iron cannon. When the lighted firecrackers draw to a close, the iron ring (fireworks) will be lifted to the sky with a bang. The fireworks snatcher will concentrate on the red cloth flying in mid-air, track where it falls, and once it is grabbed, go to the altar to salute. After the reform and opening up, it is a grand holiday custom for villagers in Yunli to grab fireworks. The villagers will make arrangements one day in advance and hold a grand banquet after the arrival of relatives and friends. In addition to the specially invited octave classes of gongs and drums, there was opera singing the next night, which added a lot of joy to the quiet countryside.