Look up an emperor in the history of China.

There are two emperors in the history of China, who are very literary and can draw. Let me introduce you one by one:

Li Yu (937-978), Queen of Southern Tang Dynasty, was the monarch of Southern Tang Dynasty during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period. His reign time was (96 1-975). His name is Jia Cong, and his name is Zhong Yin. Lotus lay man Xuzhou (now Jiangsu) people. The sixth son of Li Jing in the Southern Tang Dynasty, he succeeded to the throne in the second year of Song Dynasty (96 1), and was called the late master in history. In the eighth year of Kaibao, the country broke the Song Dynasty and was captured to Bianjing, where he became a general and disobeyed orders. Later he was poisoned by Song Taizong. Although Li Yu is politically incompetent, his artistic talent is extraordinary. Li has certain attainments in books, paintings, songs, poems and essays, especially in ci. The content can be mainly divided into two categories: the first category was written before the Song Dynasty, which mainly reflected the palace life and the love between men and women, and the subject matter was narrow; The second category is that after the Song Dynasty, Li Yu was deeply saddened by the national subjugation, and his memories of the past were full of his own feelings. The achievements of his works in this period far exceeded those in the previous period. Among them, masterpieces such as Young Beauty, Langtaosha and Night Cry were all made at this time. In this period, most of the ci poems were based on sadness, mainly describing the scene of dreaming from afar, and expressing infinite nostalgia for "the old country" and "the past". Li Yu occupied an important position in the history of China's ci poems and was called "the emperor of eternal ci poems". It also has a great influence on future generations. He inherited the tradition of Huajian poets since the late Tang Dynasty, but reflected a certain artistic conception with universal significance in real life through a concrete and sensible personality image, which promoted the creation of ci and expanded the field of expression of ci. Li Yuwen is rich in writing, poetry, books and painting. His ci poems are mainly included in two major ci poems in the Southern Tang Dynasty.

Li Yu is brilliant, skillful in painting, good at poetry and ode, and is a generation of poets who have been told through the ages. It is entirely accidental that Li Yu, who has no intention of fighting for power and profit, longs for seclusion. He is helpless, and he is also the king of national subjugation engraved on the historical archives. Merits and demerits have become the track of history ...

When he ascended the throne, the Southern Tang Dynasty had served Song Zhengshuo, paid tribute to the Song Dynasty many times and settled in a corner of the south of the Yangtze River. In the seventh year of Song Kaibao (974), Song Taizu sent letters to the north many times, but he refused to leave. In October of the same year, Song Bing went south to attack Jinling. Next November, when the city is broken, the queen's flesh will come out naked, and she will be caught in Bianjing, where she will be sealed and not allowed to disobey her orders. Emperor Taizong ascended the throne and became the Duke of Longxi County. Taiping rejuvenating the country for three years (978), and Qixi was his 42nd birthday. According to the records of King Song, the beggars' sect was poisoned by morning medicine. Queen Wu was sealed and buried in Mangshan, Luoyang.

He is good at painting and calligraphy, melody and poetry, especially in the Five Dynasties. In the early stage, most of his poems were about the pleasure and quiet life in the palace, with a soft style, but this is not the life he yearns for, but mostly emptiness and helplessness; The later ci poems reflect the pain of national subjugation, with expanded themes, profound artistic conception, sincere feelings, fresh language and great artistic appeal. Later generations compiled his and Li Jing's works into two major ci poems in the Southern Tang Dynasty. In the early days of his reign, the style of his poems was beautiful and soft, and he did not get rid of the habit of "flowers". After the national subjugation, in the house arrest career of "Everyday Lacrimosa", the monarch of the national subjugation became the "Southern King" of the eternal poetry circle with a swan song of crying to the death. It is precisely "the misfortune of the country, the luck of the poet, and the words didn't work until the vicissitudes of life". These late ci poems are desolate and solemn, with profound artistic conception, which laid the foundation of Su Xin's so-called "bold and unconstrained" school and played a role in the history of ci poetry. As Wang Guowei said in Ci on Earth, "Ci came to Li Houzhu and began to have a broad vision and deep feelings." As for the beauty and harmony of his sentences, it is unprecedented. The late Lord has a collection that has been lost. There are 46 words, of which only 38 words can be confirmed by previous works or others.

Song Huizong Evonne (1082 ~ 1 135) was the second declining emperor after the Northern Song Dynasty. He is the master of Xuanhe, the founder of Daojun, and Daojun is the superior of the emperor. Posthumous title was Emperor Xiaozong. Painters and calligraphers. Eleven sons of Song Shenzong, the brother of Zhezong. Mother Qin Ci Queen Chen. Zhezong died of illness, and the queen mother made him emperor. He was the eighth emperor of the Song Dynasty (reigned1100 ~1125), and was captured and sentenced for 25 years. He died at the age of 54 and was buried in Yongyou Mausoleum (now 35 miles southeast of Shaoxing County, Zhejiang Province). Good at writing regular script, cursive script, landscapes, figures, flowers and birds, and ink bamboo. He was good at graceful words and created a "thin golden body".

During the reign of Evonne, he pursued a luxurious life excessively. During his reign, Cai Jing, Tong Guan, Gao Qiu, Yang Jian and other treacherous officials presided over the court affairs, plundered the wealth of the people, and indulged in extravagance. Set the plum blossom embroidery page, which is exclusive to the royal family. Song and Zhao Yi drew this page. They also searched around for exotic flowers and stones and transported them to Kaifeng, called "Flower Stone Class", to build Yanfu Palace and Genyue. He believed in Taoism, calling himself "the founder of Taoism, Emperor Daojun", built a large number of temples, set up 26 Taoist officials and paid Taoist salaries. During his reign, rebellion led by Fang La and Song Jiang broke out. In the second year of Xuanhe (1 120), he sent envoys to make peace with the rulers and attack Liao. In the seventh year of Xuanhe, Jin Jun went south to attack the Song Dynasty. He was transferred to Zhao Huan (Qinzong) and claimed to be the emperor's father. In the second year of Jingkang (1 127), he was captured by Jin Bing together with Qin Zong. Later, he was imprisoned in the north and died in Wu Guocheng (now Yilan, Heilongjiang). During his twenty-six years in office, he was incompetent in governing the country, but his artistic talent was quite high. Calligraphy is called "thin gold body", and handed down paintings include "Furong Golden Rooster" and "Late Autumn by the Pool", which can also be used as poems.

Song Huizong believed in Taoism, built a big temple, claimed to be the founder of Daojun Emperor, and often invited Taoist priests to tell fortune. His birthday was May 5th, and the Taoist thought it was unlucky, so he changed his name to10+00. His zodiac sign is a dog, so killing dogs is forbidden in Bianjing City.

1 125, 10 years, the Jin army invaded the south on a large scale, and the East Route Army led by the commander of the Jin army took Bianjing directly under the command of Guo, a rebel in the Northern Song Dynasty. Song Huizong received the newspaper, hastily ordered the cancellation of Hua Shigang, and wrote a letter to the guilty person, admitting some of his mistakes, in order to save the hearts of the people. Nomads from the army marched in haste, approaching Bianjing. Huizong was afraid and anxious, holding the minister's hand and saying, "I didn't expect Jin people to treat me like this." Before I finished, I choked and fainted in front of the bed. After being rescued, he reached for a pen and paper and wrote the words "Pass on the Crown Prince". In 65438+February, he announced his abdication, claiming to be "the emperor's father" and giving way to Zhao Huan (Qin Zong). Cai Jing, Tong Guan and other thieves fled to Mengcheng, Bozhou, Anhui (now Mengcheng, Anhui). In April of the following year, the nomads from the siege of Bianjing were repelled by Li Gang and returned to the north, and Song Huizong returned to Bianjing.

At the end of a.d. 1 126 leap 1 1, the nomads from the army went south again. 65438+February 65438+May 5, Bianjing was breached, Di Chin abolished Song Huizong, and Zhao Huan was Shu Ren. 1 127 at the end of March, Hui Di and Qin, together with thousands of empresses, royal families and officials, as well as musicians, skilled craftsmen, French drivers, robes, ritual vessels, astronomical instruments, treasures and toys, imperial books and maps of state capitals around the world, were escorted to Beijing North and Beijing Central. So it happened in Jingkang period, which is called "the shame of Jingkang" in history.

It is said that when Song Huizong heard that the treasure was looted, he didn't care. When he heard that the Royal Library was also robbed, he sighed. Song Huizong was humiliated on the way to be escorted. First, the love princess Wang Wanrong was forcibly taken away by Jinjiang. Then, after arriving in the capital of Xu Jin Guo, he was ordered to wear mourning clothes with Zhao Huan and visit the temple in Akuta, Jin Taizu, which means that Di Chin dedicated the prisoners to his ancestors. Later, Song Huizong was humiliated by Di Chin and imprisoned in Hanzhou (now Changtu County, Liaoning Province), and then moved to Wu Guocheng (now yilan county, Heilongjiang Province) to be imprisoned. During his imprisonment, Song Huizong suffered mental torture and wrote many poems of regret, sadness and desolation.

However, his remorse was limited to "all the rivers and mountains were mistaken by ministers", and he did not realize that it was his fatuous luxury that led to the end of national subjugation and made him a prisoner. 11July 27, Cao Xun, the courtier who sent him, fled to the Southern Song Dynasty from Jin Secret. Before he left, someone gave him a vest, which read: "You (Song Gaozong) come to save your parents." Song Huizong showed these words to the courtiers around him, and all the courtiers cried. Song Huizong cried and exhorted Cao Xun, remembering to tell Emperor Gaozong "Don't forget the pain of my northbound journey", then took out a white gauze handkerchief to wipe his tears, and then gave it to Cao Xun, saying, "Let the emperor (Emperor Gaozong) know that I miss my old country and shed tears."

Song Huizong was imprisoned for nine years. 1/kloc-0 died in Wu Guocheng on Jiazi Day in April, 35. Jin Xizong buried him in Guangning, Henan Province (near Luoyang City, Henan Province). On 11August 421day, Song Jin transported his body back to Lin 'an (now Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province) as agreed, and was buried in the mausoleum.