Pictures of fortune-telling lanterns for the blind

What are the characteristics of Liangshan Lantern Festival?

During about 1506 ~ 152 1 year, the Lantern Opera and Yangko Opera of Liangping Folk Lantern Class combined the dance movements of Lantern Opera and the rap performance form of Yangko Opera, forming Liangshan Lantern Opera, which was called "Liang Shantiao" by outsiders and "Duangong Tune" and "Baotou Opera" by locals.

Before the founding of New China, the role of women was played by men, commonly known as "Baotou". It comes from the production and life practice of the masses and absorbs the essence of Liang Ping's folk art.

Liangshan gongs and drums are Liangping's folk percussion music, which has a bright rhythm, strange melody change and quite modern rock momentum. In Old Liangshan, folk gongs and drums competitions are held every year, and the weddings and funerals of ordinary people are publicized through gongs and drums. Liangshan gongs and drums eventually evolved into the noisy gongs and drums of Liangshan Lantern Opera.

Liangshan Lantern Opera combines the essence of local folk literature, folk songs and dances, folk music, folk art and folk acrobatics, forming magical characteristics. At the same time, it has the elegance of Liangshan farmers' oral literature, the rhythm of folk songs and yangko, the dance of lanterns and car lights, the artistic effect of orchid prints in New Year pictures and the skills of folk juggling.

During the development of Liangshan Lantern Opera, its main melody has formed the A Liang Mountain Melody System from Nanling to Emei in Qinling to Wuyishan, which spans hundreds of thousands of square kilometers and affects hundreds of counties in Sichuan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, western Fujian, southwestern Shaanxi, southwestern Henan, southern Anhui, eastern Guizhou, northwestern Guangxi and northern Guangdong1kloc-0/provinces and autonomous regions.

The lyrics of Liangshan Lantern mainly come from Liangshan Zhi Zhu Ci, also known as "Zhi Zhu Song". Liangshan Zhi Zhu Ci, the name of Jiao Fang in Tang Dynasty, has the characteristics of popular language and brisk tone. Its content is full of praise for local customs and children's tenderness, which is loved by literati and imitated by others, and finally forms the expression form of Liangshan Lantern Opera.

The singing of Liangshan Lantern Opera comes from Yangko. Liangshan county is rich in rice. In the seedling season, the sound of gongs and drums accompanied by yangko resounded through the fields. During rice planting, farmers amuse themselves by singing yangko and performing stories of folk comedy characters. According to experts' research, the lantern string cavity embryo of Liangshan Lantern Opera is the backbone tune of Yangko Opera.

Liangshan Lantern Festival also has some vocals from Liang Shantiao. Liang Shantiao is the tune of labor songs, folk songs and yangko that people in Liangshan roared on hillsides and fields. It was adopted by folk artists, accompanied by lantern performances, and sang a story.

This kind of tune is especially good at narration and lyricism, which is widely circulated among the people, and has influenced the opera music in Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou, Hunan, Hubei, Jiangxi, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Henan and Shaanxi provinces, forming Liangshan flirt.

Liangshan Lantern Opera has its own unique artistic style in tunes, musical instruments and performance forms. The performance features are "frolicking, laughing and making noise" and "twisting, dragging and jumping"; Aria consists of three categories: fat tube, light string cavity, divine comedy, high cavity, minor and music. The string cavity of the lamp is unique and is a specialty of Liang Ping.

Musical instruments are mainly erhu, flute, suona, gongs and drums and other folk instruments. It has the elegant demeanour of farmers' oral literature, the rhythm of folk songs and yangko, the dance of lanterns and car lights and the skills of folk juggling, and is a comprehensive art to express the folk customs of Bayu.

Liangshan Lantern Opera adopts popular themes. The performers and directors of Liangshan Lantern Opera used to be farmers who grew crops and acted. They are all good at editing their familiar rural customs, pastoral songs, family anecdotes and folk anecdotes.

Most of the characters in the play are village girls, farmers, woodcutters, attendants, craftsmen, as well as blind fortune-tellers, lazy prodigals, monks and beggars. This undoubtedly made the audience feel intimate and resonate. If there is a Liangshan lantern show, it goes like this:

Trying to be an official reminds me of the cat problem, and the donation of 1000 has not yet landed. People say that you need to learn to be a master, but I can't recognize it clearly with these three-character classics. ...

Liangshan Lantern Opera has obviously inherited the tradition of popular, easy-to-understand, lively and humorous folk entertainment activities, and established a treasure house of lantern operas with comedy as the main body.

Whether it is traditional or newly edited, Liangshan Lantern Opera is mostly a playful life sketch. Liangshan Lantern Opera is not limited to the five pillars of Islam: hand, eye, body, method and step. It has its own performance characteristics, that is, it is particularly active.

This kind of activity is different from light dancing, but enthusiastic, indulgent and even rude. Especially the heroine, she twisted, dragged and danced tirelessly on the stage. This is integrated with its playful, playful and noisy performance characteristics.

In many traditional lantern performances, except for a few tragic figures, even the solemn and dignified immortal emperor caters to "frolicking, laughing, making noise, dragging and jumping", which makes people laugh.

There are many clowns in Liangshan lantern show, and there is a saying that "ten lanterns and nine ugliness, no ugliness can make a lamp". Characters' facial makeup is distorted and exaggerated, ridiculously ugly and cute, which is in harmony with "frolicking, laughing, making trouble, twisting and jumping" and has a strong visual effect, which is deeply loved by the audience.

Clowns are also called "three sides". Peach-shaped facial makeup is painted with cinnabar and black and white outer rings on the nose and eyes. Because peaches symbolize longevity and happiness, most of these characters are cheerful and ugly.

Eye-socket-shaped facial makeup, with white glasses on two eye sockets and black lines on the periphery, gives people a funny and rogue feeling, which is more common in the role of hooligan. Tofu-shaped mask with white squares at the junction of nose and eyes is specially used for naughty, treacherous, lazy and shameless people.

The dramatic movements and funny faces of the characters in Liangshan Lantern Opera make Liangshan Lantern Opera have a strong visual impact and receive satisfactory viewing effect. For a long and boring life, this comedy effect is an effective release of the audience's depressed psychology. This is its enduring social background.

Liangshan Lantern Opera has its unique art of dancing beauty. In addition to singing in the opera house on holidays, in ordinary family performances, families with good conditions build a temporary stage with wooden boards or square tables, surrounded by the audience on three sides and a grating on the other side. The block consists of local blue and white curtains or bedding. There is nothing on the stage except building blocks.

The design of the barrier is simple, neat, clear and lively, and it is full of the local life in Liangshan, which sets off the performance characteristics of Liangshan Lantern Opera and gives people a sense of intimacy. Above the center of the stage, an exaggerated and striking diamond-shaped or fan-shaped Liangshan New Year picture is hung to set off the plot.

This decorative and symbolic stage art design is simple and unique in Liangshan folk art style, which can be applied in both urban and rural areas regardless of the size of the stage space.

In the past, the writers of Liangshan Lantern Opera were all farmers, who wrote and performed trivial things in life, including rural customs, pastoral songs, family anecdotes and folk anecdotes. The characters in the play are mostly village girls, farmers, woodcutter, attendants, craftsmen, blind fortune tellers, monks, beggars and so on.

Traditional plays are mostly mental, short and pithy, but the structure is loose, which is conducive to arbitrary re-creation in performances. That is, under the premise that the story is not bad, artists can temporarily rhyme on the stage, or even talk to the audience directly, which requires light play, easy lyrics, prominent local spoken language, and rhyme is also very rich in life and sense of humor.

There are about 200 plays of Liangshan Lantern Opera, the most representative of which are eating chaff and cutting hair, seeing off Jingniang, Xiangzi taking his wife and inviting dragons. Most of these plays are adapted from folk operas or folk stories. The Lantern Festival uses dialects, and the lyrics are popular, natural, lively and full of life.

In addition, due to strong entertainment, exaggerated plot, prominent contradictions and humorous banter, most of them are comedies and dramas, but there are also tragic dramas, as well as new dramas such as "Recruit a son-in-law" and "Sell Donkeys".

The repertoire of Liangshan Lantern Opera is quite rich, with more than 200 kinds, so the actors often exaggerate their actions and have the characteristics of dancing, which is deeply loved by the local people. People always turn on the lights at festivals or weddings, funerals and celebrations.