During the Qing Dynasty, how were the Eight Banners stationed in various provinces and their officials arranged?

The Eight Banners Garrison in Qing Dynasty was divided into two parts: the Gyeonggi Garrison and the local garrison. The troops stationed in Gyeonggi are based on battalions, such as Guards, Forward Battalions, Xiao Qi Battalions, Firearms Battalions and Jianrui Battalions. Local troops are stationed in important towns in various provinces. Let's talk about the specific situation of the local garrison in the Eight Banners.

The garrison of the Eight Banners was formed as early as before the Qing Dynasty entered the customs. After that, the Qing army entered Shanhaiguan and fought in the Central Plains, and soldiers were stationed in the occupied areas. From the last years of Shunzhi to the early years of Kangxi, the Eight Banners were stationed in key areas such as Guifuguan and Fuzhou County and important towns in Shaanxi, Shanxi, Shandong, Jiangnan and Zhejiang, and initially formed. Fujian, Guangdong and Yunnan-Guizhou regions were stationed in towns under the command of the king of the Han Dynasty.

After the San Francisco rebellion was put down, Fujian and Guangdong set up Han flag soldiers to defend it. Later, during the 22-60 years after Kangxi, Jingzhou in Hubei, Hanzhong in Shaanxi, Youwei in Shanxi, Kaifeng in Henan and Chengdu in Sichuan were added as garrisons.

During the Yongzheng period, officers and men were stationed in Rehe, Zhili, Qingzhou, Shandong, Tongguan, Shaanxi and Liangzhou, Gansu, and the Eight Banners Navy garrison camp was added. At the beginning of Qianlong, the number of officials stationed in various places was basically fixed. Since then, only a few garrison officers have made adjustments. For example, in the twenty-sixth year of Qianlong, Qingzhou garrison general was changed to deputy governor, and in the forty-first year of Qianlong, Chengdu was stationed as deputy governor or above. There are also provinces where the Eight Banners are stationed, including Anhui, Jiangxi, Guangxi, Yunnan and Guizhou.

After the customization of the Eight Banners Garrison, half of the Eight Banners Army was stationed in Beijing, and the other half was slightly weaker than the provinces and borders. The garrison of the Eight Banners varies from place to place. Zhili, Jifu, Northeast China and Xinjiang are scattered, while the provinces are concentrated in key cities.

There are officials in the garrison. According to the importance of garrison towns and the number of garrison troops, officials in charge of special cities have different levels, from high to low: general or commander-in-chief, deputy commander-in-chief, city guard, general manager, deputy team leader and defense captain. Individual towns also have assistants and defenders.

Deputy commanders also have subordinates, they are generals or commanders, and other officials are subordinates: assistant commanders, deputy commanders and primary seven schools. Special city guards, joint commanders and defense commanders are all equipped with restraint and jurisdiction officials, or generals, commanders and deputy commanders. Taiyuan and Kaifeng are guarded by the governor. Only the Kibaki Xiao Jiu office of the City Guard or the Defence Guard is managed by Beijing officials.

There are many garrisons in your government, which are scattered, and the garrison scale of each garrison is different. Can be divided into the following parts:

1, Jingnan. There are so-called Xiao Jiu Mansions: Baoding Mansion and Cangzhou Mansion, each with a city guard; In Cai Yuli, Liangxiang County, Baodi County, Gu 'an County, Dong 'an County, Xiongxian County and Bazhou County, there are defensive guards. All the above nine small towns have garrisons, but there are no generals, commanders-in-chief or deputy commanders, and they are under the jurisdiction of the capital inspector general. Tianjin once built a navy division camp in Yongzheng three years, with officials under the command system, and was laid off in Qianlong thirty-two years.

2、 JD.COM。 Shanhaiguan, the deputy commander-in-chief, is also the defense guard of Yongping House, Lengkou, xifengkou and Tangu.

3. Jingbei. Miyun, deputy commander-in-chief, is also in charge of Changping District, Shunyi County, yutian county, Sanhe County and Gubeikou, with defensive guards. Jehol, the deputy governor, was changed to the governor in the fifteenth year of Jiaqing, and the presidential system was also used to coordinate the Kara River Tun, Huayugou and paddock. Zhangjiakou, which has been in Qianlong for twenty-six years, has been designated as the capital city, under the assistance of defense, and is located in Zhangjiakou, Dushikou and Qianjiadian.

4. Dongling and Xiling. Each imperial tomb and the back mausoleum has a general manager, and flag soldiers guard the tombs and gardens. In addition, from the north of Beijing to Zhengjiazhuang, a city guard was set up in the first year of Yongzheng, and it was cut in the thirty-second year of Qianlong.

The garrison situation of the Eight Banners in each province is as follows:

Shandong. Qingzhou, in the eighth year of Yongzheng, set up a general and a deputy commander-in-chief. In the twenty-sixth year of Qianlong, he laid off the general and left the deputy commander-in-chief in charge of the garrison officers and soldiers. Dezhou is a city guard and is also under the jurisdiction of Qingzhou garrison chief.

Shanxi. Taiyuan Chengwei was controlled by Shanxi Governor after 21 years of Qianlong. You Wei, a general at the beginning, served as deputy governor for two years and vice governor for twenty-six years. He was appointed commander-in-chief of the city and general of Suiyuan city. Suiyuan city, Qianlong moved General Youwei here in two years, and was renamed General Suiyuan City in twenty-six years.

Henan. Kaifeng, the city guard, was controlled by the governor of Henan after 21 years of Qianlong.

Shaanxi. Xi' an, general Li. Kangxi was stationed in Hanzhong for twenty-five years, and General Xi 'an served concurrently. Tongguan, set up a city guard.

Gansu. Ningxia, set up a general. Liangzhou, with a deputy commander in chief, is also responsible for the officers and men stationed in Zhuanglang. Zhuang Lang, set up a city guard.

Jiangnan. Jiangning, set a general. At the beginning of Jingkou (Zhenjiang), there was a general, who was laid off in the twenty-second year of Qianlong, and was the deputy commander in charge of the garrison. In addition, Jiangning once set up a navy camp in Yongzheng for five years, and set up an association to lead the governance, and cut it in Qianlong for sixteen years.

Zhejiang. Hangzhou, set up a general. Zhapu, which has a navy battalion and a deputy commander-in-chief, is under the jurisdiction of General Hangzhou.

Fujian. A general in Fuzhou, initially stationed for the Han army. In the nineteenth year of Qianlong, the Han army was laid off and replaced by Manchu flag soldiers. Is Fuzhou different from Sanjiang? Minjiang River, Qinjiang River and Wulong River are set up with the naval battalion of the Han army, which is also under the jurisdiction of General Fuzhou. Twenty-eight years after Qianlong, it was changed to Manchu and Zhengjiazhuang Garrison.

Guangdong. Guangzhou, general Li. Originally a garrison of the Han army, it was abolished in the twenty-first and thirty-fifth years of Qianlong, and changed to Manchu flag soldiers. The Guangzhou Naval Battalion established by the Association is under the jurisdiction of General Guangzhou. Guangxu changed to an infantry battalion on land in the ninth year, and it was still managed by the former official.

Hubei. Jingzhou, establish a general.

Sichuan. Chengdu first set up a deputy commander-in-chief, and after forty-one years of Qianlong, he added a general.

In addition, in the northeast and border areas, there are also Eight Banners stationed, such as General Shengjing, General Jilin General, General Heilongjiang and General Yili. The garrison situation in these border areas has been introduced before, and interested readers can have a look.