Tao Xingzhi's Constellation _ Who is Tao Xingzhi?

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Tao Xingzhi, a native of Shexian County, Anhui Province, is a China people's educator, thinker, great democratic fighter and patriot, and one of the main figures of China National Salvation Association and China Democratic League.

Tao Xingzhi was born in 18911kloc-0/0/October18, a poor peasant family in Shexian County, Anhui Province. He has been smart and studious since childhood, and schooling is free. /kloc-in 0/906, he entered the county missionary school Chongyi School for free.

I finished school for three years in two years. 17 years old, borrowed money to go to Hangzhou and was admitted to Guangji yiguang. Later, he was dissatisfied with the discrimination of students and left school angrily. 19 years old, admitted to the Literature Department of Nanjing Jinling University, and graduated with the first place.

After graduation, I borrowed money to go overseas to study in the United States. I first studied municipal engineering at the University of Illinois and got a master's degree in political science. Later, I felt that the municipal government was learning to be an official, and resolutely entered Columbia Normal University to transfer, hoping to save the country and the people through education.

1965438+returned to China in the autumn of 2007, and successively served as a professor and academic director of Nanjing Normal University, National Southeast University. Starting from 1926, the Declaration of China Education Reform Society on Transforming Rural Education in China was issued.

From 65438 to 0929, St. John's University awarded him an honorary doctor of science degree in recognition of his contribution to the education reform in China. 1935, inspired by China's August 1st Declaration, actively participated in the anti-Japanese national salvation movement.

1945 was elected as the Standing Committee of the NLD Central Committee, Chairman of the Education Committee and Chairman of the Education Committee. 1On the morning of July 25th, 946, he died in Shanghai at the age of 55.

Extended data:

Tao Xingzhi has always lived at the bottom of China society, so he deeply felt the sufferings of the people since he was a child. He once wrote the motto "I am from China, and I want to make some contributions to China".

19 17, Tao Xingzhi declined the invitation of his tutor Dewey to study in the United States, and gave up his excellent living and working conditions abroad and his excellent personal future to return to the motherland. At that time, a new cultural movement under the banner of democracy and science was launched in China.

Tao Xingzhi ran enthusiastically in this movement, actively advocated new education and reformed old education. To this end, on the one hand, he introduced western educational theories, on the other hand, he also opposed blindly "imitating other countries" and proposed scientific methods for educational reform and innovation.

It is a new way to realize the popularization and modernization of education in China. Tao Xingzhi devoted his main energy to civilian education with the wish of "doing a great event for a great event" all his life. During this period, he deeply felt that the fundamental problem of education reform in China lies in the countryside.

He said: "China is based on agriculture, and people living in rural areas account for 85% of the national population. Civilian education is a movement to the people, that is, to the countryside. " Tao Xingzhi called on people to join the movement and "create a new life for the rural areas of China wholeheartedly."

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Tao Xingzhi's information

Tao Xingzhi is from Shexian County, Huizhou, Anhui Province, and Shaoxing. China people's educator, thinker, great democratic fighter and patriot, one of the main * * * of China National Salvation Association and China Democratic League.

17 years old was admitted to Hangzhou Guangji Medical Hall. 1965438+returned to China in the autumn of 2007, and successively served as a professor and academic director of Nanjing Normal University, National Southeast University. Starting from 1926, the Declaration of China Education Reform Society on Transforming Rural Education in China was issued. The children's science series was edited at 193 1. 1935, inspired by China's August 1st Declaration, actively participated in the anti-Japanese national salvation movement. 1945 was elected as the Standing Committee of the NLD Central Committee, Chairman of the Education Committee and Chairman of the Education Committee.

1On the morning of July 25th, 946, he died in Shanghai at the age of 55.

Personal background

Occupation:

Educator thinker

Graduate school:

Nanjing University

Personal profile

Chinese name:

Tao Xingzhi

Alias:

Wen Tao _

Nationality:

China

Ethnic groups:

Han/Han/Chinese/human

Birthplace:

Shexian County, Anhui Province

Date of birth:

189 1 year1October18th.

Everywhere is a place of creation, every day is a time of creation, and everyone is a creator. -Tao Xingzhi

Tao Xingzhi is a great people's educator in China. His original name was Wen Jun, and later he was renamed Zhixing and Xingzhi. Born in Shaoxing Huiji, 189 1, 10, 18, Shexian County, Anhui Province.

He was born in poverty, but he was smart and studious since childhood. A teacher in a neighboring village decided that the child would make great achievements when he grew up, so he let him go to school for free. One day, it snowed heavily, and the teacher had already started talking when he got to school. He just stood outside the door, listening attentively to the teacher. This learning spirit touched everyone in the school library.

1906 entered Chongyi School, a county missionary school, to study English, mathematics, physics and chemistry, and began to accept the new education of the western bourgeoisie. However, because he has been living at the bottom of China society, he has deeply felt the sufferings of the people since he was a child. He paid special attention to the rural areas in China and was determined to change the poor and backward situation in China and the miserable situation of exploitation and oppression of farmers in China. So when I was studying in Chongyi School, I wrote the motto "I am from China and want to make some contribution to China".

1908, Tao Xingzhi was admitted to Guangji yiguang run by Hangzhou Church. When I learned that students who want to enter the teaching can go to the hospital for free internship, I dropped out of school in a rage. 19 10 was admitted to the Literature Department of Nanjing Jinling University. 19 14 After graduation, he was admitted to study abroad at public expense. He received a master's degree in science and literature from the University of Illinois and Columbia University, and studied under Dewey, a famous American pragmatic educator. 1965438+returned to China in 2007, and served as professor, provost and director of special education department at Nanjing Normal University. Oppose "obeying the old law is different from other countries." Carry out civilian education. Under the influence of the May 4th Movement, 19 19 in July, he put forward the idea that education should be "new, constant and innovative" and "independent, self-reliant and automatic", and participated in the editing work of New Education magazine, and later served as the editor-in-chief of the magazine. 1923 initiated the establishment of "China Civilian Education Promotion Association" to compile thousands of textbooks for civilians and promote civilian education. 1926 published the "China Education Reform Society's Declaration on Reforming Rural Education in China" to advocate the rural education movement.

1927 In March, Tao Xingzhi founded Xiaozhuang Experimental Rural Normal School in Nanjing and put forward the theory that "life is education and society is school". On June+10, 5438, Zhejiang Rural Normal School was established in Hu Xiang, Xiaoshan. 1in April, 930, the reactionary Kuomintang government forcibly closed Xiaozhuang school on the pretext of "collaborating with the enemy". Tao Xingzhi was wanted and forced to take temporary refuge in Japan. 193 1 in the spring of, Dow returned to Shanghai as a consultant of the comprehensive management office of Shenbao, which played a considerable role in the innovation of Shenbao at that time. Launch the "scientific marriage" campaign, popularize science, and advocate the educational activities of "integration of teaching and doing". Since 1932, Shanhai Engineering Group, Early Education Group, Migrant Children Group, Mr. Xiao and China Universal Education Association have been established successively, and a universal education campaign of "spreading as soon as you know" has been launched. 1934 editor-in-chief of life education. In July, he officially announced that he would change his name from "Zhixing" to "Xingzhi".

After the "December 9th Movement", Tao Xingzhi took an active part in the Anti-Japanese National Salvation Movement, advocated national disaster education and wartime education, and successively established Yucai School and Social University in Chongqing. 1936 was elected as executive member and standing committee member of the National Salvation Federation. In July, Shen Junru, Zou Taofen and Zhang Naiqi jointly issued the Declaration of Unity against Aggression, and President Mao Zedong wrote back to express his support. Then, entrusted by the National Salvation Federation, he served as a national diplomatic envoy, visited 28 countries and regions in Europe, the United States, Asia and Africa, attended the World Peace Conference, the World Youth Conference and the seventh annual meeting of the World Anti-aggression Conference, and was elected as the executive member of the World Peace Conference in China, making outstanding contributions to the image of the Chinese nation on the international stage.

1In August, 938, Dow returned to China and passed through Hong Kong, advocating the establishment of "Chinese Amateur School" to promote Hong Kong compatriots to go to the national disaster together. From June 65438 to July 0939, a Yucai School was established for children in Gusheng Temple, near Chongqing, Sichuan, to train children with special talents. From 65438 to 0945, Tao Xingzhi joined the China Democratic League, was elected as the Standing Committee of the Central Committee and Chairman of the Democratic Education Committee, and presided over Democracy Weekly. 1946 65438+ 10 In October, Tao Xingzhi founded a social university in Chongqing to promote democratic education.

After War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression's victory, Tao Xingzhi returned to Shanghai and immediately devoted himself to the struggle against dictatorship, democracy, civil war and peace. Democracy fighters Li Gongpu and Wen Yiduo were assassinated by Kuomintang spies, and Tao Xingzhi was listed as the third person on the blacklist. While preparing for the sacrifice of "I'm waiting for the third shot", he continued to struggle until death do us part and always stood at the forefront of the democratic movement. On1July 25th, 946, he died of cerebral hemorrhage due to "overwork, health deficiency and excessive stimulation" at the age of 55. Comrade Mao Zedong wrote the inscription "Great People's Educator".

Tao Xingzhi's life was spent in the autumn when the people were in poverty, the country was in great disaster and the nation was in danger. He shared weal and woe with the working people, was close to the people, devoted himself to people's education and the struggle for national liberation and democracy in China, and made indelible contributions.

Mr. Tao's works are rich in content and detailed in discussion, which is closely related to the current socialist pedagogy. He can be called a "generation giant" in the history of modern education in China. He is the author of Education Reform in China, Problems of Mass Education in China, Ringing the Bell in the Ancient Temple, etc. Published Selected Works of Tao Xingzhi's Education and Complete Works of Tao Xingzhi. It is recorded in the Dictionary of Modern Names in China.

Tao Xingzhi belongs not only to China, but also to the world.

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Tao Xingzhi's personal profile

Name: Tao Xingzhi

Original name: Tao

Name of birth: monk

Date of birth:18911018.

Date of death:1July 25th, 946.

Native place: Huangtanyuan Village, Xixiang, Shexian County, Anhui Province

Family: father, Tao; Mother, Cao Cuixu; Sister, Wen Tao; His wife, Wang Chunyi, married after Wang died of illness; The eldest son, Tao Hongsheng; The second son Tao; Third son Tao Gang

What do you know about Tao Xingzhi?

189 1 year1October 18 was born in huangtanyuan village, Xixiang, Shexian county, Anhui province. Born as a monk, his scientific name is Wen Jun. Father, Tao Weichao. Mother, Cao Cuixu.

1965438+25 years old in 2006:

The third son, Tao, was just born.

1920 29 years old:

In April, he hosted Dewey's lectures on "Philosophy of Education", "Experimental Ethics" and "History of Philosophy" at Nanjing Normal University.

In the summer, the first summer school was held in Nanjing Normal University, and more than 300 students were sent from all provinces for 1 month, in order to improve the national education administrators, primary and secondary school teachers, scientific research and work level. Summer schools in colleges and universities nationwide start.

192 1 30 years old:

In July, I sent Dewey home.

Together with Fan Yuanlian, Cai Yuanpei, Zhang Bocen, Yan Xiu, Yuan and others, they organized the "Practical Education Investigation Agency" in Beijing, elected Fan as the president and Cai as the vice president, and decided to invite American educators to come to China to investigate the actual situation of science education and give lectures.

Accompany Yulu to perform in Shanghai, Nanjing, Suzhou, Hangzhou and Guangzhou, and act as an interpreter.

1 1 June, was promoted to be one of the drafting committees of "New Academic System in China" of the 7th National Education Federation.

65438+February, the New Education Association, the New Education Magazine and the Practical Education Investigation Agency merged to form the China Education Improvement Society. The aim is to "investigate the actual situation of education, study educational theory and strive to improve education".

1922 3 1 year:

1From 3 to 8 October, the first annual meeting of China Education Improvement Society was held in Jinan. Social Work Report: There are two spirits to improve social work: mutual help spirit and analytical spirit. The department is divided into four branches: research, investigation, compilation and popularization. Research: Research on Curriculum Reform in Ren Zhongxue by Dr. Zhang Zhongshu. Research on curriculum reform of primary schools designated by primary education committee. Dr Thomas's scientific teaching research and Dr Maccoll's psychological test research. There is a national education survey in the survey. Because it is held in Jinan, it is also called "Jinan Annual Meeting".

In February, he was appointed as the Director-General of China Education Improvement Society.

In April, The Essays on Education in Yu Lu and China, co-edited by Hu Shi and Ling Bing, was published.

In May, Cai Yuanpei, Wang Chonghui, Li Dazhao, Hu Shi and others 16 people jointly published Our Political Opinions.

Because Jiang Menglin went to the United States, New Education took over as editor-in-chief from Volume 4, Issue 2. And was designated as the publication of China Education Promotion Association. Hire 42 Chinese and foreign educators as editors, and invite educational representatives from all countries to report the latest educational news. In the special issue of academic system research, we have published three articles, namely, the attitude we should adopt to the draft of new academic system, the criteria for evaluating the draft of academic system, and the history of the construction of new academic system in China.

On February 6, 65438, Nanjing Normal University was merged into Southeast University. Professor of Southeast University, Director of Education Department, Head of Education Department.

1923 32 years old:

On July 28th, I wrote to Liu Boming, acting president of Southeast University, and resigned as director of education and head of education. At the end of August, Southeast University allowed him to resign. In the future, he will be the full-time director-general of the Reform Association.

From August 20th to 25th, the second annual meeting of China Education Improvement Society was held in Beijing Tsinghua School. Together with Xiong Xiling, he delivered a welcome speech, reported on social affairs and the preparations for the annual meeting, and proposed that "local education administrative organs should prepare spinning plans for the overall situation of education".

Zhu Jingnong, Huang Yanpei, Zhu Yan and others co-sponsored the China Association for the Promotion of Civilian Education. Co-edited with Zhu Jingnong "A Textbook with Thousands of Words for the Common People". To Nanjing, Anqing, Nanchang, Shanghai, Hangzhou, Wuhan and other places to promote mass education movement.

In the autumn of the same year, Nanjing Anhui Association founded Nanjing Anhui Public School. The school board promoted Tao Xingzhi as the principal and Yao as the vice principal.

In that year, he refused to be appointed as the principal of Wuchang Normal School by Beiyang government, and refused to be hired as the principal by his alma mater Jinling University. Committed to the work of China Education Improvement Society and the popularization of civilian education movement.

12 12 night, a fire broke out in the oral room of Nanjing Normal University. The doctoral thesis "China's Philosophy of Education and New Education" which was put in the office was burned.

33 years old in 924:

The civilian reading office in Beijing has grown to more than 100, and it has also promoted the civilian education movement in Zhangjiakou, Kaifeng and Shanghai. Edit and publish "Civilian Weekly". Adapted "Thousands of Words Textbooks for Common People". The Association for the Promotion of Civilian Education was established in September, and it has been implemented in 20 provinces and autonomous regions, with 500,000 people studying the "Thousand-word Course for Civilian".

At Feng Yuxiang's request, he and Xu compiled the Course of Soldiers' Thousand-character Writing to promote the literacy education of soldiers.

The third annual meeting of China Education Improvement Society was held in Nanjing Southeast University from July 3rd to 9th. Make a work report.

The national education exhibition was officially exhibited during the annual meeting.

In the poem "Encourage yourself, encourage comrades", it is proposed that "this great event will come in the end, and we will do great things". Zisi Taocheng was born.

1925 34 years old:

In a speech entitled "Teaching Integration" at Nankai University, President Zhang Bocen suggested changing the "integration of learning and doing". Inspired by Zhang Bocen, Tao Xingzhi was suddenly enlightened and developed "teaching integration" into "teaching-doing integration". Since then, the name of "teaching, learning and doing in one" has officially appeared.

In August, he was in charge of the fourth annual meeting of China Education Improvement Society. The meeting was held in Taiyuan, attended by representatives of Han, Manchu, Mongolian, Hui and Tibetan. At the opening ceremony, he delivered a speech: "If China wants to achieve international equality, it must run education well." In the social affairs report, it is particularly emphasized that "the undertakings that this institution is now handling are science education and rural education." Burke Hurst, the founder of Dalton system of American women's education, was invited to give an academic speech.

On February 4th, 65438, New Education Review was published. Write the journal "Our Mission" for this magazine. Responsible for editing.

Published a book review for Chen Heqin's book Family Education.

1926 35 years old:

In the spring, he was promoted to be a member of the National Education Reform Committee of China Education Reform Society and a member of the Committee to promote the formulation of a special chapter on education in the Constitution.

Advocate the rural education movement. In the name of China Education Improvement Society, the Declaration on Improving Rural Education in China and the Declaration on Establishing Rural Kindergartens were published. He is the author of the Movement of Normal Education Going to the Countryside and the Fundamental Transformation of Rural Education in China. Formulate rural education plans. Release the draft of the first hospital of experimental rural normal school, and plan to set up experimental rural normal school.

On February 25th, 65438, the second seminar for rural special-grade teachers of China Education Improvement Society was held in Nanjing Yaohuamen Primary School, and the swearing-in ceremony for rural education was held.

65438+February 3 1, Jiangsu Provincial Department of Education sponsored the Reform Society to set up an experimental rural normal school.

Organize and improve the Rural Teaching News, the journal of the Rural Teachers' Association.

1927 36 years old:

June 65438+1 October1,the newsletter "Rural Education" was founded and served as editor-in-chief. In the middle of the year, I decided to take an examination of Cai Xiang Normal School in Xiaozhuang at the foot of Laoshan Mountain outside Shence Gate.

On February 5th, he presided over the ceremony of rural teacher Fan, and at the same time held a big worship ceremony for urban and rural civilians, and announced that he would change "Xiaozhuang" to "Xiaozhuang", which means to work at sunrise and rest at sunset.

On February 10, the board of directors of experimental rural normal school was held in Shanghai, and was promoted to secretary and principal of the board. Zhao Shuyu was appointed as the dean and director of the scientific research department of the First Hospital.

On March 15, Nanjing Experimental Rural Normal School officially opened. There are 13 students in the first phase.

In June, three months after Xiaozhuang started school, the first phase 13 students moved from Yanziji to Heimo Camp. Tao Xingzhi talks about "Xiaozhuang spirit, optimism, revolutionary spirit and unity spirit". Finally, it is pointed out: "To run rural education well and transform rural society, we must always have a broad mind and dedication:" Where there is a heart, there is no grass. "This is the earliest source of this famous saying.

In June, I took part in the construction of the school. Run Xiaozhuang primary school and rural hospital well.

At Xiaozhuang's daily meeting, he delivered a speech and gradually expounded the theories of "life is education", "society is school" and "integration of teaching and learning". It is put forward that "doing is the beginning of knowing, and knowing is the success of doing", "practicing internal skills hard" and "teaching others to teach themselves".

10 10/month 1, Zhejiang Rural Normal School started. Cao Zhenbu and Fang Yuyan were successively recommended as the first and second principals, and Cheng Benhai, Dong Chuncai, Wang Lin and Li Chucai were also introduced as instructors.

1 1 In June, I personally went to Hu Xiang Normal School to guide teachers and students to discuss "teaching integration" and "life education".

This year, he was elected as a judge of China Vocational Education Society.

At the China Science Society.