How are space bubbles formed?

"Space bubble" refers to the void formed by the impact of powerful particle wind and radiation on the gas in the universe. This discovery is surprising, because the bubbles discovered by Hubble Space Telescope in the past were all formed by strong particle wind and radiation emitted by extremely large stars or clusters, but this time they were formed by an isolated young star, which can be said to be an exception.

This star is located in N44F nebula, which is 654.38+0.6 million light years away from the Earth. N44F nebula is located in Sirius constellation. This star is located in the lower part of the center of the "space bubble" shown in the picture. Its main component is a dense cloud formed by cold gas, but its particle mass per second is 6.5438+0 million times that of our sun, and the speed of particle cloud is 7 million kilometers per hour, five times that of solar wind.

Strong particle wind and ultraviolet radiation collide with the gas shell of the star, forcing the gas to protrude outward, forming a "too hollow" with a diameter of 35 light years. In this "space hole", several "pillars" formed by cold cosmic dust and gas are also formed. These "pillars" are very similar in appearance to those in the "too empty" discovered by Hubble telescope 10 years ago. Those "pillars" have wonderful landscapes and are called "creator pillars". The newly discovered "too empty" is not short in length, ranging from 5 light years to 8 light years, and they point to the source of particle wind.