What kind of plant is Nepenthes, and what are its medicinal functions?

Hay is actually something in the novel.

In reality, it is generally called hook and kiss.

Hook. &; Champion. ) Bentham. ), evergreen woody vines of Loganiaceae and Gelsemium, also known as Pueraria lobata, Clematis chinensis, Lysimachia christinae, Sunflower, etc. With cylindrical branchlets and longitudinal edges when young; When young, the whole plant is hairless except for the bract edge and pedicel. Leaf blade is membranous, ovoid, ovoid-oblong or ovoid-lanceolate, seed is oblate-elliptic or kidney-shaped, and the edge has irregular dentate membrane wings. The flowering period is May-165438+ 10, and the fruiting period is July to March of the following year. Main effects: detoxification, blood stasis removal, pain relief, insecticidal and antipruritic. Analgesia; Calm down; Antiinflammatory; Mydriasis; Anti-tumor; Toxicity. Indications: Scabies, eczema, carbuncle swelling, furuncle, traumatic injury, rheumatic joint pain and neuralgia.

The main toxic components are gelsemin, gelsemin, gelsemin and so on. Its action properties are similar to those of alkaloids Gelsemin A and Gelsemin B contained in North American Gelsemium, but its toxicity is less. The minimum lethal dose of Gelsemin in rabbits was 0.8 mg/kg. The main symptom of poisoning is respiratory paralysis, which is difficult to breathe lightly, and the severe one dies of respiratory arrest. After the animal stopped breathing with lethal dose of gelsemin B, the heart continued to beat, and the inhibition of breathing was not central, so the brain was cut off or cut off.

Vagus nerve does not affect the respiratory inhibition of gelsemine B, and ephedrine and tetrandrine have no obvious rescue effect. On the other hand, it has no direct paralyzing effect on peripheral neuromuscular devices. Gelsemin B can inhibit and stop the rhythmic contraction of isolated diaphragm connected with nerve, which is the same as that of diaphragm in vivo. Stimulating the phrenic nerve directly after stopping breathing can still cause diaphragm contraction. In addition, after poisoning, all animals showed drooping eyelids, drooping heads, limp feet and muscle weakness, so it was speculated that it played a role in spinal motor neuron paralysis.

officinal

The whole plant is poisonous, and its roots, stems, branches and leaves contain 8 alkaloids such as gelsemin A, B, C, D, Yin, Mao, E and Chen. Medically, it has the effects of relieving swelling and pain, detoxifying and killing insects. [ 1]

Indications: expelling wind and attacking poison; Dispelling stagnation and reducing swelling; Pain relief. Main scabies; Eczema; Laplace operator; Carbuncle swelling; Furuncle; Fall and get injured; Rheumatalgia; neuralgia

Pharmacological effects: roots, stems and leaves are highly toxic. In 1930s, China scholars made a detailed study on the chemistry and pharmacology of big tea medicines and big tea medicines in North America. Gelsemin A has analgesic effect on mice, and its effective dose is similar to that of poisoning. However, it has also been reported that the analgesic effect is enhanced when combined with aspirin, which is better than that when used alone. It is said that it has also achieved good results in clinic. The recommended dosage is aspirin 300-500mg and gelsemin a 0.5-2mg, and gelsemin B has no obvious effect on the circulatory system. It can inhibit frog heart in vitro, and can be antagonized by barium chloride and adrenaline, but atropine is ineffective. A small amount of pulse acceleration is due to the decrease of walking tension, and blood pressure may still have no obvious change at this time; In a large number of cases, it inhibits the heart, leading to a decrease in blood pressure, which is mainly due to the inhibition of the heart and partly due to the decrease in the excitability of the vascular motor center; Toxic doses can cause ventricular fibrillation. Gelsemine A can block the hypotensive response caused by electrical stimulation of cardiac vagus nerve or injection of acetylcholine. It has a weak serotonin-like effect and can strengthen the pressor effect of adrenaline. The small intestine and uterus of dogs and rabbits are slightly excited and greatly inhibited, which is a direct effect on smooth muscle. Domestic Gelsemium elegans can also inhibit smooth muscle and antagonize acetylcholine and barium chloride. Gelatin A has no arrow poison-like effect, no paralysis of ganglion and no central sedative effect. Domestic gelsemium and gelsemium have the effect of dilating pupils. Gelatin A can be used to treat neuralgia, especially trigeminal neuralgia, and its tincture can also be used to treat acute polio. Because the therapeutic dose is very close to the toxic dose, it is necessary to be very careful and closely observe, especially the breathing situation. It can be used locally to dilate pupils, but it is irritating, which limits its application.