Wood knowledge

Trees and distribution trees, with a height of 0.4 ~ 0.6m Location: Malaysia and Indonesia. Common name or misleading name: Purple King Kong.

Wood characteristics Wood is porous wood. Sapwood is clearly identifiable; The heartwood is reddish brown and darkens after atmospheric oxidation; Sapwood is yellowish brown to reddish brown, and some have green tones. Growth rings are not obvious or obvious. The tube hole is obvious to the naked eye and the filling body is rich. The axial parenchyma can be seen by naked eyes, including winged, multi-winged, annular tube and band. It is slightly obvious under the wood ray magnifying glass, and the density is sparse to medium narrow. No ripple marks and intercellular channels can be seen. The wood is shiny; The new section has a slight lemon flavor and no special taste; The texture is straight or slightly inclined, and the structure is fine to medium and slightly uniform.

Shrinkage rate of wood properties: chord direction 4.4% ~ 8.3%; The radial direction is 2.4%. The wood is heavy; The dry density of air is 0.83g/cm3); Medium to high strength; The compressive strength along the grain is 60MPa, the bending strength 106MPa and the bending elastic modulus 14GPa. Corrosion resistance. Drying is not difficult, just slow. Processing is not difficult.

Wood is suitable for making floors; It is also suitable for making piles, bridges, docks, building construction and interior decoration in seawater.

Aladou

Name: Aladu, Ananandan snake. Curupy Leguminosae, Allan Bean. Common commodity materials mainly include Acer macrocarpa and Acer macrocarpa.

Trees and big trees, about 24 meters high; The trunk is round and straight, and the height under the branches is about 4 ~ 7m；. DBH is about 60 ~ 90 cm, mainly distributed in the subtropical arid forests of Argentina, Brazil and Paraguay in South America.

Wood characteristics Wood is porous wood. Heartwood is mainly light brown, which turns dark reddish brown after atmospheric oxidation, often accompanied by black stripes; Sapwood is yellowish brown or light pink. The growth ring is slightly obvious, and the rim is light-colored rim-like thin-walled tissue. The tube holes under the magnifying glass are obvious, scattered, slightly less and slightly larger; Some contain deposits or gums. Under the magnifying glass, the axial parenchyma is obvious, which is tubular, wing-shaped, wing-shaped and wheel-limited. Wood rays look under a magnifying glass; Slightly dense and narrow. No ripple marks and intercellular channels can be seen. The wood is shiny and has no special smell and taste. Textures are usually irregular or often staggered, with strong layering and easy to match with dark colors; A thin, uniform or slightly uniform structure.

Wood properties have dried up to a great extent; Total shrinkage; Chordal direction is 7.6% ~ 8.65438 0%; Radial 4.6 ~ 4.9%. In terms of dimensional stability. Wood is extremely heavy and hard; The basic density is 0.86 g/cm3; The dry density of air is1.00 ~1.14g/cm3, usually 0.83 ~ 1.05g/cm3. High strength; The compressive strength along the grain is 87 ~ 97 MPa, the bending strength 185 ~ 202 MPa, and the bending elastic modulus 16.4 ~ 17.9 GPA. Heartwood is very resistant to decay, but it is extremely difficult to impregnate with preservatives. Drying should be slow, because the wood is hard, with cracks and deformation defects, especially thick plates. It is difficult to process, because the wood is hard and the cutting edge of the tool is blunt, so alloy steel saw blades should be used; If the wood grain is irregular or staggered, the planing angle should be 15 ~ 20 degrees; Good spinnability.

Wood is very hard and durable, suitable for making floors and furniture, joinery supplies, high-strength farm tool accessories for door and window frames, and truck underframe; Piles, fenders, bridges, docks, sluices and ships resistant to seawater and fresh water; Sleepers, heavy structural materials and decorative textile products.

bean family

Name: cajanus cajan, kapok; Bincado. Leguminosae and Leguminosae. Misleading names in the market: Golden Car, Huali, Pincado and Golden Car Wood.

Wood features porous wood. Sapwood is clearly identifiable; The heartwood is reddish brown with deep banded stripes; The sapwood is light red and white. The growth ring is visible to the naked eye and bounded by the round parenchyma. The tube hole is visible to the naked eye; Scattered or slightly inclined; Some catheters contain dark colloid or white deposits. The axial parenchyma is visible to the naked eye, and the rim is annular. You can see wood rays in the mirror. No ripple marks and intercellular channels can be seen. The wood is shiny and has no special smell and taste; The texture is irregular and staggered; The structure is thin and uniform.

Wood properties have moderate to large drying shrinkage and moderate dimensional stability. The wood is hard; The dry density of air is 0.98 ~ 1. 13g/cm3. High strength and poor nail grip. Very resistant to corruption; Prevention of termites and aquatic wood-boring animals; Heartwood preservatives are difficult to soak. Wood drying is quite difficult. Difficult processing and poor spinnability; Good polishing, waxing and finishing performance; It's hard to stick.

Wood is suitable for load-bearing floors and ordinary floors, heavy and durable structural materials, cars, boats and masts; Tool handles, farm tools, etc. And a bent portion.

Rusang wood

Milk Sang Mu, bagasse species. , bagasse, Tata Juba; Leguminosae, Lactarius. The common commercial materials are mainly Guiana lettuce, and the market names are misleading: Jinnan, Jin Yulan, and South American osmanthus.

Trees and trees with large distribution have no roots; 27 ~ 30m high; The trunk is round and straight, and the height under branches is18 ~ 21m; DBH 60 ~ 95cm; A lot of sticky milk can flow out of the bark. Location: North South America.

Wood characteristics Wood is porous wood. The distinction of heartwood is from obvious to slightly obvious. The color of wood changes greatly; The heartwood is yellowish brown, and gradually becomes light brown, chestnut brown, chestnut brown to dark brown after atmospheric oxidation; The sapwood is yellowish white to grayish white, with a thickness of 2 ~ 4 cm. Whether the growth rings are slightly obvious or not. The tube hole is visible to the naked eye, and the catheter contains infiltration; Dispersed; Count less. No axial parenchyma can be seen under the magnifying glass. The wood rays are obvious, slightly dense and narrow under the magnifying glass. No ripple marks and intercellular channels can be seen. Wood has strong luster and no special smell and taste; The texture is straight or slightly staggered, with deer spots; The structure is thin and uniform.

Wood properties dry to moderate and complete dry shrinkage: chordal? 5.2%~6.6%; Radial 3.7% ~ 5.2%. Good dimensional stability. Wood is heavy and elastic; The basic density is 0.68 ~ 0.73g/cm3, and the air-drying density is 0.80 ~ 0.92g/cm3. High strength, parallel compressive strength 7 1 ~ 8 1 MPa, bending strength121~158 MPa, bending elastic modulus 16.3 ~ 18.7 GPA. Good nail grip, in order to prevent wood cracking, it is advisable to drill holes in advance before nailing. Wood is very resistant to rot, termites and moths, and slightly resistant to marine wood-boring animals; Heartwood preservatives are difficult to soak. Dry slowly, otherwise there will be cracks and warpage. Processing is quite easy, but it is difficult to weave texture; Good smoothness, polishing and adhesion.

Wood uses Wood has heavy weight, high strength and good elasticity, and is suitable for making floors and joinery products. It is also suitable for making furniture, decks, ship skeletons, stair treads, wooden models, large woodworking products and heavy structural materials in water; Light and heavy building materials, textile products, sports equipment, fence boards, partitions and decorative veneers.

Mulberry with green handle

Mulberry with green handle. Odum, iroko Moraceae, melia azedarach. Common commercial materials mainly include noble green-handled mulberry and big green-handled mulberry. Misleading names in the market: Huang Jinmu and Elok.

Trees and widely distributed trees, most of which have no roots; The trunk is usually round and straight, often 34 meters high; DBH is about 270 cm. Found in humid areas of tropical Africa.

Wood characteristics Wood is porous wood. The difference between heartwood and sapwood is slightly obvious; The new section of heartwood is yellow or yellowish brown, and it quickly becomes golden brown, reddish brown or dark brown after atmospheric oxidation. The sapwood is yellow and white, with a thickness of 0.5 ~ 5 cm. Whether the growth rings are slightly obvious or not. Pores are visible to the naked eye, scattered and few in number; Catheters contain infiltration, some of which are abundant. Axial parenchyma can be seen under the magnifying glass, which is annular, wing-shaped and beaded. Visible under the wooden ray magnifying glass; Sparse to slightly dense; Narrow to slightly wider. No ripple marks and intercellular channels can be seen. The wood is shiny; There is no special smell or taste. The texture is often slightly staggered diagonally; The structure is medium to slightly coarse and slightly uniform. Some people can see the big hard "stone" (calcium carbonate) that harms trees.

Wood properties shrink from drying to medium; Total dry shrinkage: chordwise 5.5%, radial 3.5%; Air-drying shrinkage: chordwise 2.0%, radial1.5%; Good dimensional stability (expansion/contraction ratio: chordal 1.0%, radial 0.5%); Or moderate (volume expansion and contraction rate is 0.44%). Weight: basic density g/cm3, air-dried density 0.62 ~ 0.72g/cm3); High strength and wear resistance; The compressive strength along the grain is 34 ~ 57mpa, the bending strength is 56 ~ 1 18mpa, and the bending elastic modulus is 7.9 ~12.2gpa. The nail grip is good. In order to prevent cracking, it is advisable to drill holes first. Very corrosion-resistant, slightly resistant to termites and marine wood-boring animals; Heartwood preservatives are difficult to soak. Dry slowly, otherwise it will crack and deform easily. Easy to process; It is not difficult to plan, because the texture is staggered; The planing angle should be less than 20 degrees to prevent the wood surface from tearing; Calcium carbonate as hard as stone will damage the cutting edge of tools. Good grinding and bending performance; Good adhesion; After using putty or other fillers, the finishing performance is good. Because the color of the material is unstable, we should pay special attention to the external feeling.

Wood uses Wood has medium to high strength, wear resistance and durability, and is known as a substitute for teak, which is very suitable for making ships, indoor and outdoor joinery products and floors. It is also suitable for high-grade furniture and sculpture; Sleepers, piles, bridges and docks; Windows and doors, stair treads, roof trusses, joists and columns; Large tanks and barrels for bleaching, dyeing and brewing, decorative veneers, etc.

Heavy ant wood

Heavy ant wood. Ipe, lapacho, Bethabara Ziwei, ant, ant. Common commercial wood mainly includes sawn wood and ant wood in South America. T.avell anedae(T.ipe), Central American ant tree T.guayacan, etc. Market misleading name: Huang Lu 'an. ?

Trees and trees with large distribution have no roots or short roots; The trunk is often irregular in shape, with a height of 30m, which can reach 43 ~ 46 m, and the height under the branches is about18m. DBH is 6 1 ~ 9 1 cm, and some can reach 180cm. Mainly produced in tropical America.

Wood characteristics Wood is porous wood. The difference between heartwood and sapwood is slightly obvious. Fresh heartwood is olive brown, and then gradually becomes dark brown, chestnut or deep purple, and some of them have yellow-green stripes; The sapwood is milky white, yellowish white or light taupe, with a thickness of 3 ~ 6 cm or 5 ~ 10 cm. The annual rings are not obvious or slightly obvious. The tube holes are visible to the naked eye, scattered and few, slightly small to slightly large; A compound containing a yellow base or an alkaline solution, the solution turns red. Under the magnifying glass, the axial parenchyma is obvious, mainly wing-shaped and wing-shaped. You can see wood rays under the magnifying glass, slightly smaller, slightly thinner and very narrow. The overlapping structure is obvious, the wave marks are visible, showing obvious thin lines, and no intercellular channels are found. The wood is shiny and has no special smell and taste. The texture is usually irregular until the depth is staggered; Fine to medium structure, slightly uniform; Sexy oil. There are about 30 species of commercial wood belonging to the genus Antwood, which are divided into three types: heavy ant wood, red ant wood and termite wood. Some people have increased Prima to four kinds, while others have divided it into two kinds: heavy ant wood and ant wood.

Group density g/cm3 heartwood distinguishes wood color as the most important feature of quantity book.

Lapacho 0.90 ~ 1.50 is obvious, and the heartwood chestnut brown has lapacho and oily sex appeal at most.

Prima 0.45 is not obvious, the wood is light yellow-brown, filled and waxed.

Roble 0.62~0.80 is not obvious, the wood is grayish brown, the structure is like oak, but there is no wide ray.

Ipeperoba 0.70 ~ 0.83 obviously seldom has heartwood yellow.

The nature of wood is very dry; Total shrinkage: 8.0% in chord direction; The radial direction is 6.6%. The dimensional stability is quite good. Wood is heavy and wear-resistant; The basic density is 0.85 ~ 0.97 g/cm3, and the air-dried density varies greatly, above 0.92 ~ 1. 16g/cm3. High strength, along the grain compressive strength of 77 ~ 8 1mpa, bending strength of141~158 MPa, bending elastic modulus of 18.7 ~ 19.4gpa ... Good nail grip. Wood is rot-resistant or very rot-resistant, resistant to termites and moths, and not resistant to marine wood-boring animals; It is difficult to impregnate heartwood preservatives, so vacuum pressurization or impregnation should be adopted. When drying is easy and the speed is fast, it will crack and deform. Processing is more difficult, because the wood is hard and the cutting edge of the saw is blunt, so alloy steel saw blades are needed. When sawing vertically, if the material is too thick, the saw blade will heat up; The vibration of cross saw is great, and the saw blade often breaks, so the tooth material should be reduced to 0.6mm；; The suitable planing angle is 15 ~ 20 degrees, so it is not suitable to produce radial saw plates. The yellow sawdust flying dust produced during sawing is sulfur-like, irritating and can cause dermatitis. Good rotary cutting performance and smooth planing surface. Although the finishing is influenced by xanthohumoquinone, the finishing performance is good after using putty or other fillers. Polishing and adhesion are also good. Because the wood will be affected by atmospheric humidity every time it is used, especially the ant wood floor with small expansion rate and contraction rate, it should be paved densely, otherwise there will be gaps between boards, and the impression is not good.

Wood is hard and wear-resistant, with high strength, pleasing color and attractive texture, which is deeply loved by people. Suitable for making common floors, parquet floors and load-bearing floors, joinery products and sleepers. It is also suitable for making decorative veneers; Garden furniture, woodworking products, turning products, tool handles; Freshwater piles, fenders and bridges; Ships, vehicles, etc.

Four kinds of wood

Four-seed wood, light-leaved wood; Puna. Chinese name of tree species: wide silk planting wood. Tetrapodiaceae and Tetrapodiaceae. The market misled Pune and Fu Gui Wood.

Wood features porous wood. The difference between sapwood and log is not obvious, but it is more obvious after drying; Heartwood grass is yellow to light brown, often accompanied by orange-brown spots; The sapwood is light straw yellow or light yellow. Growth rings are usually not obvious. The tube hole is slightly visible to the naked eye; The catheter contains red colloidal substance and white sediment. The thin-walled tissue of the shaft can be seen under the magnifying glass, which is scattered. Aggregate short strings. Under the wooden ray magnifying glass, it is slightly obvious, sparse and slightly wide. No ripple marks and intercellular channels can be seen. Wood is dull; The raw materials have an unpleasant smell, and there is no special smell and taste after drying; Waxy ground; The texture is straight or slightly inclined, and there are two kinds of wide wood ray patterns on the radial saw plate; Fine to medium structure, uniform. The violent shaking of veneer shavings in warm water will produce black foam (because there is saponin in wood).

Wood has a great shrinkage rate. The wood is heavy; The dry density of air is 0.79g/cm3); High strength and good nail grip. Anti-corrosion, termite prevention and marine wood-boring animals; Impregnation of heartwood preservative. Easy drying, careful damage, no cup cracking and splitting; Processing is quite easy; The cross section is smooth. After using putty or other fillers, the finishing performance is good.

Wood is suitable for floors, joinery supplies, woodworking products, furniture, boxes, crates, etc.

shaddock

Famous teak; Teak; Teak, Jadi Verbenaceae, Teak. Market misleading name: rouge wood. Trees and large distribution trees; The trunk is straight and the height of the tree is 39 ~ 50m. The height under branches is10 ~ 24m; DBH is 150 ~ 250 cm. Produced in Myanmar, India, Indochina Peninsula, Indonesia and other places. It has been introduced in tropical areas such as West Africa, tropical America and West Indies, and also cultivated in China.

Wood characteristics Wood is from annular hole material to semi-annular hole material. Sapwood is clearly identifiable; The heartwood is light brown or brown, but it turns dark brown after atmospheric oxidation; The sapwood is yellow-brown, red and about 3 cm thick. The growth rings are obvious, and the width is slightly uniform or uneven. The porosity of early wood is slightly large and obvious to the naked eye, which is generally 1 ~ 2 lines wide; There is a slight change from early timber to late timber. The tube hole of late wood is obvious under a magnifying glass; Scattered or several oblique rows; Infiltration is common in conduits, while white deposits are rare. Under the magnifying glass, axial parenchyma can be seen, which is tubular and wheel-bound. There are few wood rays, which can be seen by naked eyes, and the ray stripes on the ray section are obvious. No ripple marks and intercellular channels can be seen. The wood is shiny; Slight leather smell, no special taste; Sexy oil. Textures until slightly staggered; Medium-coarse structure, uneven.

Wood properties dry shrinkage and air dry shrinkage: chord direction is 2.5%; The radial direction is 1.5%. Excellent dimensional stability, expansion and contraction rate of dried wood; Chordal direction is 1.2% and radial direction is 0.7%. In weight; The basic density is 0.47 ~ 0.54g/cm3, and the air-dried density is 0.51~ 0.70g/cm3); High strength, compressive strength along grain is 49 ~ 64 MPa, bending strength is 86 ~ 159 MPa, and bending elastic modulus is 9 ~ 17 GPA. Good nail grip, in order to prevent wood cracking, it is advisable to drill holes before nailing. Anti-corrosion, anti-termites, anti-marine wood-boring animals, it is difficult to impregnate heartwood preservatives; Acid resistance. The drying condition is good, but it is quite slow. Medium machinability, the cutting edge of the knife saw is easy to be blunt, there is sawing phenomenon, the saw surface is hairy and the planer surface is smooth; Finishing (epoxy acrylic acid should be used due to permeability) and good adhesion. Because wood is affected by atmospheric humidity every time it is used, especially teak floor with small expansion and contraction rate, it should be paved densely, otherwise there will be gaps between boards, and the impression is not good.

Teak and mahogany are two famous woods in the world. It has high strength, durability, acid resistance, stable dry material size and rich resources. It is a good material for making floors, and it is also very suitable for making decks, paddles, masts, ships, bridges, docks and so on. Advanced furniture, doors and windows, stair treads, interior decoration, roof truss, joists and columns; Shell of wood carving, wooden model, musical instrument box, piano, etc. ; Sleepers, vehicles and farm tools; Acid-resistant wooden sinks, pipes, towers and decorative veneers in chemical plants.

Red ant wood

Red ant wood, Tabebuia spp Roble, Mayflower, Amapa; Ziwei, ant, ant. Red ant wood. Common commercial wood mainly includes red ant wood and gray ant wood.

Trees and distributed trees, with short board roots of 2 ~ 3m, often have irregular trunk shapes, with a height of 12 ~ 18m, reaching 27m, DBH 46 ~ 60cm and some reaching 90cm. Location: Mexico, West Indies, Venezuela and Ecuador in the south.

Wood characteristics Wood is porous wood. The difference between heartwood and sapwood is not obvious. The heartwood is light brown, taupe, reddish brown to golden yellow or with dark reddish brown and purple brown stripes; The sapwood is light in color, and the new section is yellow and white. The annual rings are slightly more obvious. The tube holes under the magnifying glass are obvious and scattered, and the number is small and slightly small. Under the magnifying glass, the axial parenchyma is obvious, mainly chordal bands. You can see wood rays under the magnifying glass, which is slightly narrow. No ripple marks and intercellular channels can be seen. Wood luster is weak to medium, and dry wood has no special smell and taste. The texture is usually until the deer spot; Medium to slightly rough structure. There are about 30 species of ant wood, which are divided into three types of commercial wood: heavy ant wood, red ant wood and termite wood (some people divide them into four types).

The nature of wood is very dry; Total shrinkage; Chordal direction is 6.65438 0%; The radial direction is 3.6%. The dimensional stability is quite good. Wood is heavy and wear-resistant; The basic density is 0.52g/cm3, and the air-dried density varies greatly, ranging from 0.58 g/cm3 to 0.64 g/cm3. High strength, along-grain compressive strength of 46MPa, bending strength of 79MPa, bending elastic modulus 10.7GPa, and good nail holding force. In order to prevent wood cracking, it is advisable to drill holes in advance before nailing. Wood is not resistant to rot to a little, not resistant to termites and moths; It is difficult to impregnate heartwood preservatives, so vacuum pressurization or impregnation should be adopted. When drying is easy and the speed is fast, it will crack and deform. Easy to process, but pay attention to the small pieces on the surface damaged or falling off due to the damage of wood grain when cutting. Good rotary cutting performance and smooth planing surface. Good coating and adhesion. In use, the influence of atmospheric humidity is decreasing every time, especially the ant wood floor with small expansion and contraction rate, which should be paved densely, otherwise there will be gaps between the boards with bad impression.

Wood is hard, wear-resistant, high in strength, pleasing in color and attractive in texture, and is deeply loved by people. Suitable for making common floors, parquet floors and load-bearing floors, joinery products and sleepers. It is also suitable for making decorative veneers; Garden furniture, woodworking products, turning products, tool handles; Freshwater piles, fenders and bridges; Ships, vehicles, etc. & ampheight = 9 & gt

Azadirachta cylindrica

Azadirachta indica; Saplcc, sapclli Common or misleading names: Sabili, Phantom Big. Meliaceae, Azadirachta, Azadirachta cylindrica. The commercial materials of this genus include Azadirachta, Azadirachta indica and Azadirachta indica.

Trees and trees, with or without roots; The normal height is 45m, the trunk is straight, and the height under branches is12-21m; The DBH is 100cm. Of tropical Africa.

Wood characteristics Wood is porous wood. The heartwood distinction is obvious to slightly obvious; The fresh heartwood powder is red, which gradually changes into reddish brown or purple brown similar to mahogany with atmospheric oxidation; The sapwood is light red to light grayish yellow with a thickness of 7- 10cm. The rings are not obvious. The tube hole is visible to the naked eye; In terms of size, it is slightly less; The catheter contains brown deposits. Axial parenchyma can be seen under the magnifying glass, which is annular or banded. Wood rays are brighter and denser under a magnifying glass; Very narrow, very narrow. No ripple marks and intercellular channels can be seen. The wood is shiny; Air-dried wood, especially fresh-cut noodles, has a strong fragrance like Toona sinensis (and bark) and has no special taste. The texture is slightly staggered and wrinkled; In the radial section, there are more obvious dark or intermittent banded patterns than other tree species of Meliaceae, and sometimes wavy patterns formed by wavy textures can be seen. Fine to medium structure, uniform. People seldom ooze gum.

Dry shrinkage of wood properties; Total dry shrinkage: 7.4%-7.7% in chord direction and 4.6%-5.3% in radial direction; Air-drying shrinkage: chordwise 4.5%, radial 2.5%; In terms of dimensional stability, the volume expansion and contraction rate is 0.47%. Based on the weight of wood; The basic density is about 5.5g/cm3, and the air-dry density is 0.64-0.80g/cm3. High strength, along-grain compressive strength 50-62MPa, bending strength 84- 142MPa, bending elastic modulus 10.7- 13.2GPa, and good nail grip. Wood is moderately resistant to rot, termites and moths; Impregnating heartwood preservatives is very difficult. The drying speed is moderate and fast, with some cracks and deformation defects. It is not difficult to process, the texture is slightly staggered, and the cutting edge of the tool is blunt, so alloy steel saw blades should be used; Good adhesion, coating and polishing; Poor flexibility.

Wood uses: Wood has high strength, durability and termite resistance, and is suitable for making floors, interior decoration fittings and wallboard. Cabinets, high-grade furniture, indoor and outdoor joinery products, doors and windows; Ships, musical instruments and flat-cut decorative veneer, plywood, etc.

koompassia spp

The name is Gamba; Kong Paasia-Excelsa; Mangis Tulang. Leguminosae, Gandou.

Trees with a height of 50-80 meters or more and widely distributed trees; DBH 120-200cm。 Produced in Thailand, palawan island, western Malaysia, kalimantan island and other places. Common commercial materials in this genus are croton and croton malayan.

Wood characteristics Wood is porous wood. Sapwood is clearly identifiable; Heartwood is dark red, but it turns chocolate brown after atmospheric oxidation; Sapwood is gray or yellowish brown with pink stripes. The rings are not obvious. The tube hole is slightly visible to the naked eye. The wood is shiny and has no special smell and taste; Textures are staggered or wavy; Rough structure, slightly uniform. Wave marks are visible to the naked eye, but intercellular channels are not visible. Wood has concentric phloem, which is often discarded when sawing. Crispy heartwood is rare.

The drying shrinkage of wood properties is very small, and the total drying shrinkage in chord direction is 7.4%. Radial 6.0%; Air-drying shrinkage: chordwise1.7%; Radial 1.5%. The wood is heavy; The basic density is 0.70-0.73g/cm3, and the air-dried density is 0.76-0.88g/cm3); High strength, the compressive strength along the grain is 62.0-76.2 MPa, the bending strength121-146 MPa, and the bending elastic modulus17.8-18.1GPA. Nail grip is strong, but it is vulnerable to termites; Heartwood preservatives are easier to soak (more difficult than croton malaya). Drying is a bit slow, so handle it carefully, or it will crack and warp. Sawing is not difficult, and the radial saw plate is prone to stubble when planing because of the staggered texture; Smooth section (need to be filled with putty); Good rotary cutting performance; Good adhesion (urea-formaldehyde adhesive should be used); Finishing performance is also very good. Hard rock-like abnormal strip structure (about 1m along grain, about 6mm in radial direction and about 10mm in chord direction) will reduce wood strength and increase drying defects. Slightly acidic, slightly corrosive to metals; It is easy to turn black when it meets iron, so special nails should be used.

Wood is hard, high strength, and the interlaced texture often produces beautiful banded patterns, which is suitable for making ordinary floors and parquet floors. It is also suitable for making cars, boats, furniture, agricultural machinery and walking sticks; After anticorrosion treatment, piles, poles and sleepers can be used; Beams, joists, rafters, etc. Can be used for rotary cutting veneer and plywood. It is also suitable for burning charcoal.

Compassi subspecies

Gamba malayi wood; Kong Paasia Ma/Achensis, Kempas, Mr. Englis. Leguminosae, Gandou.

Trees and big trees with big roots; The height of the tree is 33-35m or above; The height under the branches is 25-27 meters; ; DBH 300-400cm。 Produced in Malaysia, Indonesia and Brunei. Common commercial materials in this genus are croton and croton malayan.

Wood characteristics Wood is porous wood. Sapwood is clearly identifiable; Heartwood is pink to brick red, but it will turn dark orange with narrow yellow-brown stripes after being left in the atmosphere for a long time; The sapwood is light yellow and about 50 cm thick. The wood is shiny and has no special smell and taste; Textures are staggered; The structure is thick and uniform. Concentric phloem is often discarded in sawing. Sometimes you can see crisp heartwood.

The wood is dry, and the total tangential shrinkage is 7.4%; Radial 6.0%; Air-drying shrinkage: chordwise 3.0%; Radial 2%. The wood is heavy; The basic density is 0.7 1g/cm3, and the air-dry density is 0.85-0.93g/cm3); The strength is very high, the compressive strength along the grain is 66-72MPa, the bending strength 122- 133 MPa, and the bending elastic modulus 18.6-20.9 GPa. The nail has good performance, but it needs to be drilled first to prevent splitting. Corrosion-resistant, not resistant to termites and insects; Heartwood preservatives are easy to soak. Drying is a little faster, because the difference between radial and tangential shrinkage is small, there is no big defect; It is reported that sometimes the abnormal band structure has different requirements for drying speed, which leads to splitting. It's difficult to process, because wood is heavy and hard, and sawing wood requires a lot of strength. Easy to plan, smooth section (need to be filled with putty); The texture is staggered, and the planing angle should be reduced to below 20 degrees. Poor rotary cutting performance; Good grinding, waxing and polishing performance. Hard rock-like abnormal strip structure (about 1m along grain, about 6mm in radial direction and about 10 mm in chord direction) will reduce wood strength and increase drying defects. Slightly acidic, slightly corrosive to metals; It is easy to turn black when it meets iron, so special nails should be used.

Wood uses Wood is very heavy, hard and high in strength, which is suitable for making floors. After anticorrosion treatment, it is suitable to be made into docks, bridges, columns, sleepers, poles and so on. It can also be used as building materials such as beams, columns, rafters and joists without exposure to sunlight and anti-corrosion treatment.

Purple heart wood

Prunus purpurea; Peltogyne species ; Purplehart, amaranth; Leguminosae, purple heart hematoxylin. Common commercial timber mainly includes Echocarpus mairei, Echocarpus globosa and Echocarpus tomentosa.

Trees and large distribution trees, the root height 1.0- 1.8m, can reach 3.6m-4.5m；; ; The constant height is 30-36m, and the maximum height is 55m；; The main pole is round and straight, and the height under the branch 18-2 1m can reach 27cm. DBH is usually 45-9 0cm, up to 150cm. Mainly produced in tropical America.

Wood characteristics Wood is porous wood. Sapwood is clearly identifiable; Heartwood is dark reddish brown, purple brown or deep purple, and brown when fresh. If the film is not coated in time, it will turn black and purple with atmospheric oxidation. The sapwood is ivory or pinkish brown, and its thickness varies greatly, 1.5cm, 3-6cm or 5- 10cm. The annual rings are not obvious or slightly obvious. The wood is shiny and has no special smell and taste. The texture is usually straight, and some are wavy or staggered; Medium to fine structure, slightly uniform.

Wood properties dry shrinkage is large, medium or large; Total shrinkage: chordwise 6.1%-6.6%; Radial 3.2%-4.6%. Air-drying shrinkage: chord direction is 4.5%; The radial direction is 2.0%. It is also reported that the tangential shrinkage (whether completely dried or air-dried) is 8.1%-8.6%; The radial direction is 5. 1%-6. 1%. Good dimensional stability, expansion and contraction ratio:1.8% in chord direction; The radial direction is 1. 1%. Wood is heavy and wear-resistant; The basic density is 0.75-0.8 1, generally 0.78g/cm3, and the air-drying density varies greatly, being 0.70- 1.05g/cm3, generally 0.86g/cm3；; ; High strength, the compressive strength along the grain is 7 1-92 MPa, the bending strength is 132-225 MPa, and the bending elastic modulus is 15.6- 17.7 GPa. In terms of nail holding force, in order to prevent wood from cracking, it is advisable to drill holes in advance before nailing. Very resistant to corrosion (but not stable enough), resistant to termites and moths, and resistant to marine wood-boring animals; Heartwood preservatives are difficult to soak. Acid-resistant drying should be slow, with occasional small cracks and deformation. Difficult or medium processing, because the wood is hard, the cutting edge of the saw is blunt, and deposits ooze when heated, so alloy steel saw blades should be used; If the wood grain is irregular or staggered, the planing angle should be 15-20 degrees; Good planing, turning and polishing performance, good flexibility; Good coating and adhesion. Because the wood will be affected by the atmospheric humidity every time it is used, especially the purple heart wood floor, the expansion rate is small, so it should be paved densely, otherwise there will be gaps between the boards, and the impression is not good.

Wood used in wood has high strength, durability, meticulous structure, stable size and attractive color. It is a valuable decorative material, and the floors, inlaid wallboard and veneer panels made of it are very popular among people. It is also suitable for making cabinets, kitchens, furniture and high-grade joinery; Spinning and carving handicrafts; Doors and windows, stair treads; Musical instrument, billiard cue, handle; Ships; Bridges and docks; Roof trusses, joists and columns; Cauldrons, wooden barrels and high-grade coffins for bleaching, dyeing and brewing. color=#373737 >

Heavy yellow Miluo Shuang

The name is Huang Miluo Shuang, Shroa spp. Balao Dipterocarpus, Salix.

Trees and large distribution trees, the height of which is about 40m, DBH 70- 120cm. Produced in Myanmar, Thailand, Malaya, Sumatra and other places in Southeast Asia. Balao mainly refers to the hardwoods in Silurian, Slope and Paradendron. This paper only introduces the most common and representative smooth (heavy yellow) Miluo Shuang S.laevis.

Wood characteristics Wood is porous wood. The difference between heartwood and sapwood is slightly obvious; The heartwood is yellowish brown, yellow or grayish brown or reddish (not pink) when it is newly cut; The sapwood is light in color and 3-6 cm thick. The growth ring is not obvious, and sometimes there are inconspicuous light-colored fiber bands. Wood luster is weak; No special smell and taste; Texture depth is staggered; The structure is thin and uniform.

Wood properties dry shrinkage and air dry shrinkage: chord direction is 3.7%; The radial direction is 1.8%. Good to moderate dimensional stability. Wood is hard; The basic density is 0.80g/cm3, and the air drying density is 0.96g/cm3); The strength is very high, the compressive strength along the grain is 76MPa, the bending strength 142MPa, and the bending elastic modulus is 20. 1 GPa. It's best to hold the nail. In order to prevent splitting, nails should be drilled in advance. Wood is very perishable, but sapwood is easily eaten by insects; Impregnating heartwood preservatives is very difficult. Drying should be slow, with end cracks, splits and slight surface cracks; Discoloration is visible. It is difficult to process because the wood is hard and heavy, the texture is deeply staggered and the cutting edge of the tool is dull; It is easy and difficult to plan, but the section is smooth.

Wood uses wood is hard, strong and durable, suitable for making floors; It is also suitable for making bridges, sleepers, poles, shipbuilding, load-bearing floors, load-bearing furniture, joinery, doors and windows, rafters, joists and so on.

Ebony and striped ebony

Ebony and striped ebony persimmon. Ebony; ; Persimmon family, persimmon genus. The former mainly includes ebony, ebony, ebony and ebony. Its essential conditions are: the structure is extremely fine to fine, and the average chord length and diameter of the pipe hole are not more than150μ m; The air-drying density is greater than 0.90g/cm3; Heartwood is black. The latter mainly includes Sulawesi ebony D.celehica and Philippine ebony D.philippensis. Its essential conditions are: the structure is extremely fine to fine, and the average chord length and diameter of the pipe hole are not more than150μ m; When the moisture content is 65438 02%, the dry density of air is greater than 0.90 g/cm3; The heartwood is black or chestnut brown with light stripes. Ebony and Sulawesi ebony are introduced as follows. Ceylon ebony

Trees and medium to large trees, the height under branches is 4.6m, and DBH 90- 150 (up to 2 10)cm. Of Sri Lanka and southern India.

Wood features porous wood. The rings are not obvious. Heartwood is all black, and light stripes are rare. The tube hole is slightly visible to the naked eye; Containing brown-black or black gum; Maximum chord diameter 14 1 micron, with an average of 98 microns; The quantity is as little as slightly less, 4- 12.