The title of emperor's son-in-law

The title of the emperor's son-in-law is Xu, also called husband, mother-in-law, mother-in-law and so on. Named after captain Xu. When Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was appointed, Ma was appointed as his deputy. Captain Xu is in charge of the second car. During the Three Kingdoms period, the State of Wei sealed the official position of Xu as a son-in-law. Later, Princess Anlu, the daughter of Du Yu of Jin State, and Princess Changshan, the daughter of Wang Ji (Wendi), were all sealed by Xu. After Wei and Jin Dynasties, the son-in-law added the title of Xu as a captain as usual, referred to as Xu for short, and was not a real official. In the future, Xu will be called the son-in-law of the Qing Dynasty, so that's the amount.

The original meaning of the word "Xu" is: in ancient times, several horses were driving the same car, and other horses were called "attached". In "Talking about Marvin's Supplement", there is: "Attached, deputy horse also." Duan Yucai's note: "The second mate is also ... the second mate doesn't drive." It turns out that in the pre-Qin and Han dynasties, emperors traveled by car. From the safety point of view, in order not to let the world know his whereabouts, in addition to calling his own car the main car, there are many auxiliary cars exactly the same as the main car, and at the same time, he specially set up a body body double to hide people's eyes and ears to show that the emperor is in the "auxiliary car". In the Qin Dynasty, Sean and Hercules stopped Qin Shihuang in Bolangsha (now Yuanyang County, Henan Province), and Qin Shihuang only survived because he hit the vice car. The word "Ma Xu" became the abbreviation of the official name "Ma Xu Dewey", which first appeared in the period of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty (see "Gongqing Table").

At that time, the official in charge of the main car in the recent ministers was called "the car commander" and the official in charge of the auxiliary car was called "the Xu commander". In the Han dynasty, Xu's surname was mostly held by the descendants of royalty and ministers. In the Three Kingdoms Wei, he married Princess Jinxiang and became a captain of Xu. After Wang Ji was the son-in-law of Emperor Wen of Jin Dynasty, he was also regarded as a captain of Xu, so the usage of Wei and Jin Dynasties was the norm of later generations. Anyone who marries a princess is regarded as a captain of Xu. Not only the Han nationality, but also the husbands of Liao, Jin and other countries are called "Xu, a captain".

"Liao Shi Guan Bai Zhi" records: "Ma Xu Dewey House is in charge of the princess's cashier's office." But before the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Xu's rank was not high, and Xu's surname was only four in the golden age. In the Qing Dynasty, Ma Xu was called "Er", and his position became prominent. During the Xianfeng period of Qing Dynasty, Emperor Xianfeng appointed Xu as one of the eight ministers in charge of "Zanxiang government affairs" after his death.