Fortune Telling Collection - Ziwei fortune-telling - How did the legendary Jade Emperor become immortal?
How did the legendary Jade Emperor become immortal?
Taoism believes that the Jade Emperor is the king of the gods, and the level of cultivation is not the highest in the Taoist hierarchy, but the theocracy is the largest. According to the Taoist scriptures, he lived in Milla Palace, a magnificent palace with a supreme dharma body. He controls the heavens, leads all saints in an all-round way, dominates the universe, educates the heavens, practices the heaven, spreads the heaven and the jade emperor, helps all things live in groups, emphasizes the three realms and controls all souls, while the boundless man is the supreme heaven emperor, the ten thousand heaven emperor. In short, Taoism believes that the Jade Emperor is in charge of all the yin and yang fortune of the three realms (heaven, earth and air), ten squares (four directions, four dimensions, up and down), four lives (viviparous, oviparous, wet and metaplasia) and six meridians (heaven, man, demon, hell, beast and hungry ghost).
On the 25th day of the twelfth lunar month, the Jade Emperor personally went to the lower boundary of the Holy Land to inspect the situation of all parties. Reward good and punish evil according to the good and evil of all beings. The ninth day of the first month is the Christmas of the Jade Emperor, commonly known as the Jade Emperor's Club. It is said that all the immortals in heaven and earth will celebrate this day grandly, and the Jade Emperor will return to Lu 'an and Tiangong on the afternoon of his birthday. At that time, a grand celebration ceremony will be held in the Taoist temple.
Note: The Jade Emperor and the Empress Dowager are not husband and wife.
[Edit this paragraph] Sacrifice
The jade emperor's birthday is the ninth day of the first month. Taoist Temple will hold Jin Dian, which is called "Jade Emperor's Meeting". Taoists and Taoists attending the ceremony should worship the Jade Emperor and give gifts of "fasting to heaven" to pray for a long life. People in Fujian and Taiwan Province provinces call the Jade Emperor "God". On the ninth day of the first month, people, old and young, fast, bathe, burn incense, worship and chant Buddhist scriptures. In some places, they even sing operas to entertain the gods. In the north of China, there used to be a custom to patrol the village and the street with the jade emperor's sacrifice in hand and the jade emperor's statue on his back. It is said that1February 25th is the day when the Jade Emperor came to earth. In the past, Taoist temples and people had to burn incense and recite scriptures to welcome the Jade Emperor.
[Edit this paragraph] Jade Emperor
"Heavenly Palace" refers to the Jade Emperor, which is called "Jade Emperor" or "God of Heaven", or "Jade Emperor is the Heaven Emperor in the mysterious vault", and "Heaven and Golden Que are supreme, natural and wonderful, from Millo to the real Jade Emperor". Jade Emperor Jade Emperor is one of the highest gods in Taoism, ranking only below Sanqing Zun Shen. But in the secular mind, the Jade Emperor is the biggest god in China and the king of the gods.
According to folklore, "Jade Emperor God" not only commands the emperor, but also commands immortals such as Confucianism, Taoism and Buddhism, as well as gods, earthly gods and ghosts. Gods belong to the deification of all natural objects in the sky, including the sun, moon, stars, Fengbo, Rain Lord, Siming, Sanguanhuang and Wudi. Including land gods, countries, mountains and rivers, rivers and seas, five gods and the gods of all things, people and ghosts are deified after the death of historical figures, including ancestors, teachers, heroes and other literary figures.
The Jade Emperor not only commands the three gods of heaven, earth and man, but also controls the ups and downs of heaven, earth and the universe. His subordinates are Emperor Wenchang in charge of management affairs, Emperor Guan Sheng in charge of commercial affairs, Master Sheng Qiao in charge of public works and Emperor Shennong in charge of agricultural affairs. In charge of local affairs are Emperor Dongyue, Castle Peak King, City Lord, King Jing, Landlord and Foundation Owner.
In Taoist theory, heaven, earth and man are clearly divided. There are thirteen floors in heaven, and three Wan Li on the first floor. The place outside the sky is called infinity, and the days inside the sky are called Tai Chi. The days of Tai Chi are divided into five days, namely, east, south, west and north. The jade emperor is the supreme god in the universe, and all gods must obey the jade emperor.
Zhongtian: The residence of the Jade Emperor occupied 36 days and occupied 3,000 worlds;
There are seventy-two places, and there are four major parts of all beings.
Dongtian: In the hands of the "three officials and great emperors", the Lord bless to prolong life, eliminate disasters, forgive sins and eliminate disasters.
Nantian: In the hands of Emperor Wenheng, the Lord God was appointed to ascend and descend, and the merits and demerits of the gods were investigated.
Buddhist paradise: In the hands of "Sakyamuni", the faith of the Lord and the world will return.
Bei Tian: In the hands of "Emperor Wei Zi", there are blessings to eliminate disasters and wealth.
The Jade Emperor is said to be the first god in Tai Ji Chuan, the incarnation of Sanqing, which is the most revered "heaven" of the ancients. He lives in Yuqing Palace, in charge of 36 days, 3 thousand generations, all kinds of immortals, 72 places, four States, celestial immortals, immortals, buddhas and millions of people. Therefore, it is honored as "Jade Emperor, Great Heaven, Mysterious and Supreme God".
Another said that "Jade Emperor" is the "heavenly official" among the three officials, and is the emperor of Taoism, which is tied with Lu and Shou, blessed by the people and regarded as a blessed god. The "three great officials", also known as the "three great realms", are the collective names of the Shang Dynasty's "blessed heavenly officials and purple emperors", the Chinese Dynasty's "pardoning guilty officials and clearing the void emperors" and the Xia Dynasty's "releasing water officials and cave yin emperors".
The Jade Emperor originated from the worship of Heaven Emperor in ancient times. During the Yin and Shang Dynasties, people called the Supreme God Emperor, or Heaven Emperor and God. This is a great emperor, who rules the gods in the sky, underground, folk and military. The rulers of the Zhou Dynasty and later generations used the worship of Emperor Tiandi to advocate "the divine right of monarch" and strongly claimed that they were the sons of Emperor Tiandi, so they were called "Emperor Tiandi". The statue or portrait of the Jade Emperor didn't take shape until after the Tang and Song Dynasties. Generally speaking, they wear nine chapters of clothing and twelve rows of beads. Some of them hold jade pendants and wait on the golden couple, completely dressed as emperors of Qin and Han Dynasties.
Dai: In ancient times, there was a "light and strict country", the king was the "king of pure virtue" and the queen was the "precious moonlight", and she was old and childless; One night, I dreamed that the old man was holding a baby in the queen's arms, and the queen received him respectfully. When I woke up, I felt pregnant. She was pregnant for twelve months and gave birth to a prince on the ninth day of the first month of the third year. The prince was clever from childhood, but when he grew up, he assisted the king, worked hard and loved the people, and did good and helped the poor. After the death of the king, the prince became a Zen minister and fled to the mountains to practice. After eight hundred robberies, he sacrificed himself to surpass all beings, and finally became a true Tao, soaring for nine days and gaining the support of the gods. So he ruled the Three Realms for the Jade Emperor.
The ninth day of the first lunar month is the birthday of the Jade Emperor. The first month is the beginning of a year, the first of four seasons, and the beginning of wood, so everything grows; Nine is the highest number, representing the meaning of "great, numerous and extremely high", so the ninth day of every year is the Christmas of the Jade Emperor, which echoes his supreme position. In the Ming Dynasty, Wang Kui's "Li Hai Ji" said: "When the gods drop their lives, they must start with righteousness. The Jade Emperor was born on the ninth day of the first month. The Yang number starts at one, rises at nine poles, and ends. " It means that all the days when gods were born have certain special meanings.
The jade emperor's sacrifice originated from the ancient worship of heaven and earth, which is closely related to the ancient people's thought of respecting heaven and fearing the earth. The ancients believed that "heaven" was the master of all things in the universe and the source of growth and education of all things, so don't be disrespectful of heaven and fear life, and take the path of heaven. So imagine that there is a supreme God in nature, who rules everything. Therefore, "heaven" ordered the king to come to earth to be a political citizen, and the king must conform to God's will in order to make the country rich and strong and the people safe. Otherwise, if the king violates Heaven, Heaven will punish all disasters. Kings respect heaven, and officials naturally respect heaven. Since the king rules the world under the orders of heaven, it is necessary to sacrifice to heaven regularly, which is not only the unshirkable duty of the king, but also the grand ceremony of the country. As early as the Shang and Zhou Dynasties, emperors of all dynasties held a grand "suburban sacrifice" every year, which was the highest symbol of the idea of respecting heaven. But only the emperor was qualified to sacrifice, and it was not until the end of the feudal era that the people began to sacrifice to "God".
According to historical records, the Tang, Sui, Jin, Wei, Han and even the Qin Dynasties all had emperors' ceremonies to worship heaven, but the "heaven" at that time simply referred to the "heaven" in nature, namely "heaven" and "heaven". But "heaven" is invisible and slim, so how to sacrifice? So he gradually deified "Heaven" and called it "Jade Emperor". Because the Jade Emperor is an imaginary god, there is no statue. When he arrived in Song Zhenzong, he only got a statue. He was named Jade Emperor as his own ancestor. Statues or portraits of the Jade Emperor usually wear nine robes and twelve rows of beads. Some hold jade pendants and wait on golden weddings, which are completely dressed by emperors of Qin and Han dynasties. After the rise of Taoism, "Tian" was deified as a human being, worshipped as a thinking and emotional humanoid "God", and the images of "Tian" and "God" were created. As a result, the "heaven" worshipped by the people and the "heaven" worshipped by the ancient emperors gradually separated.
The jade emperor's birthday sacrifice is far more solemn than other gods, because the people are convinced that God is the supreme and most authoritative god, and there is no "phase" to show, so they dare not carve his god at will, but use "God Furnace" and "God Block" as symbols. Generally, there is a sky furnace in front of the temple. When you worship, you should worship outside. This is the minimum etiquette for burning incense.
Because the Jade Emperor is the tallest among the gods in the eyes of believers, the ceremony of offering sacrifices to the gods is more grand than that of ordinary gods. The night before, the whole family would fast, bathe, set up an altar, offer rich sacrifices, and then burn incense, worship three times and knock nine times in turn. And on the day of the sacrifice, women's clothes and pants should not be exposed, and the toilet should not be dumped, so as not to commit blasphemy. On the occasion of group ceremony, it is necessary to kill pigs and sheep, and it is the whole sacrifice, which is the most grand gift at the ceremony.
The jade emperor's status is extremely noble, and there is no time to take care of trivial matters on earth. Therefore, the jade emperor may not have time for those who seek wealth, heirs, fame and profit.
To worship the jade emperor, you should have a group of civil and military officials and god generals to protect you. You should not worship the Jade Emperor as a statue alone, otherwise you will become an isolated monarch, and you will not show the majesty and respect of the Jade Emperor.
The ninth day of the first lunar month is the birthday of the Jade Emperor, and Minnan in Taiwan Province Province is commonly known as "born in heaven". It's a grand birthday ceremony held by the Japanese Taoist temple, chanting scriptures. On this day, every household will bow down to heaven and hold the most solemn ceremony.
In feudal society, only the son of heaven is qualified to worship the jade emperor, and ordinary people can't worship casually. It was not until feudalism ended that this taboo was broken. However, the people still think that the Jade Emperor is so lofty and great that they dare not make a statue for him without authorization and replace it with a "heavenly furnace" or a "memorial tablet". When believers worship the Jade Emperor, they burn incense to worship the "Heavenly Furnace".
Worship god, from the early morning of the ninth day until dawn. On the eve of this day, the whole family must fast and bathe and hold worship in solemn awe. Every household should put a square table in front of the main hall, set up an altar and prepare a magic lamp, five fruits (oranges, oranges, apples, bananas, sugar cane) and six fast foods (golden needle, fungus, mushrooms, Chinese cabbage, peas, tofu, etc.). ) Put it on the table and make a tower.
In addition to the sacrificial ceremony, there are some taboos that people need to observe on this day, for example, no exposure of women's underwear, no dumping of toilets and so on. In order to avoid the jade emperor seeing that he has committed blasphemy. Chickens, one of the five animals in sacrifice, cannot use hens. It is best to use capons or cocks, and pigs and sheep can also be used.
[Edit this paragraph] Documentary records
Bai Juyi, a famous poet in the Tang Dynasty, wrote the poem "Dream Fairy", including the poem "Pay tribute to the Jade Emperor, bow down and be sincere". There is also a sentence "I am the history of the Jade Emperor's incense table" in Yuan Zhen's poem "Praise Lotte with the Prefecture". An important Taoist classic, The Jade Emperor's Classic of Shang Gao, written around the Tang and Song Dynasties, describes the origin and origin of the Jade Emperor in detail: a long time ago, there was a beautiful and wonderful country, King Jingde and Queen Bao were old and childless, so the Taoist priest prayed. After the dream, the Taoist priest held a baby for the queen and woke up pregnant. One year pregnant, born in the palace at noon on the ninth day of the first month of the third month. When the prince grew up and succeeded to the throne, he soon gave up his country and went to Yanshan, Puming Township to practice Buddhism, and then turned over. It took 3,000 robberies to prove Jin Xian. More than 100 million robberies, just to prove the Jade Emperor. Song Zhenzong Dazhong Xiangfu (1008-1kloc-0/7) is eight years old (1 105), and the imperial edict of the Jade Emperor is "Li Yu, the symbol of Tai Shang Huang Tian Kai, contains the true body of the Jade Emperor". Song Huizong Zheng He (111118) lived for six years (116), and the Jade Emperor honored him as.
[Edit this paragraph] Religious belief
Taoism believes that the Jade Emperor is the king of the gods, occupying a very high position in the Taoist hierarchy and possessing the greatest theocracy. According to the Taoist scriptures, he lived in Milla Palace, a beautiful and majestic palace with supreme Buddhism. He controls the heavens, commands the saints in an all-round way, dominates the universe, educates the heavens, practices heaven, spreads the virtues of heaven, creates everything, helps people, weighs the three realms and controls all souls, but has infinite dimensions. He is the highest god in the sky and the emperor of ten thousand days.
In short, Taoism believes that the Jade Emperor is in charge of all the yin and yang fortune of the three realms (heaven, earth and air), ten squares (four directions, four dimensions, up and down), four lives (viviparous, oviparous, wet and metaplasia) and six meridians (heaven, man, demon, hell, beast and hungry ghost).
On the 25th day of the twelfth lunar month, the Jade Emperor personally went to the lower boundary of the Holy Land to inspect the situation of all parties. Reward good and punish evil according to the good and evil of all beings. The ninth day of the first month is the Christmas of the Jade Emperor, commonly known as the Jade Emperor's Club. It is said that all the immortals in heaven and earth will celebrate this day grandly, and the Jade Emperor will return to Lu 'an and Tiangong on the afternoon of his birthday. At that time, a grand celebration ceremony will be held in the Taoist temple.
[Edit this paragraph] Legend of origin
1. According to the records in Volume 1 of Fairy Mirror of Past Dynasties, there is a country called Yan Guang Miaole in the sky. Its king is called Jingde Wangshi, and his wife's baby is the Moonlight Queen. However, with his kindness and concealment, he has been diligent in practicing the five ridges, which has made the disaster of the people's prosperity stagnate. But it's not enough to be old without children. As soon as truth enters its territory, it will be known that it is sincere and sincere. Huang Lao, a brave man (that is, one of the five old clocks when heaven and earth were opened) said: karma lies. At the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty, there was a saying: What do you really think if you devote yourself to pure emptiness, have a virtuous body, have a son of God, and be designated as a saint of three talents? Huang Lao nodded and immediately blew the wish of Jasper Etta Ursa. This is a baby that fell from the sky. She became a baby. At this time, King Jingde suddenly saw the auspicious light shining in the palace in his bedroom, making it a precious color. There are many etiquette guards who protect a Kowloon chariot and float in the air. Those who sit in the middle and have two wings are all golems. On it, they really hold a child with big ears, thin eyebrows and beautiful eyes, all covered in thin light. The king and queen were very happy. They accepted the gift respectfully and knelt down in front of the road. Erzhen said: I am a fool and have no children. I am willing to ask this child to be my son, but I am sad and willing to listen to Xu. Huang Lao said: this child has extraordinary roots and will prove to be the product of infinite height. You are very good at cultivating it. The king came forward to worship the collar, and the second one was really lifted out of the treasure chair and handed it to him. The king held it in his hand, which was as heavy as a mountain and made him sweat. Suddenly, he thought it was a dream. He called the Queen to speak urgently and saw the same thing. At this point, the king's spirit doubled, and three years later the queen gave birth to a wise prince. I have left my country to practice Buddhism since I was a child. After 3200 robberies, I finally got Jin Xian's certificate, nicknamed "Pure Natural", which feels like the King Buddha. After another 100,000 robberies, it is proved that the Jade Emperor has been holding the gods in the sky.
Second, the Jade Emperor is the highest leader in the sky, equivalent to the emperor on the ground, but his status is lower than that of Sanqing. Later, he was on an equal footing with the four emperors (Gouchen Shanggong Emperor, Zhongtian Weizi Beiji Emperor, Antarctic Immortal Emperor, and Chengtian Imitation Emperor), while Confucianism was called Haotian God.
3. According to the Ming version of Sou Shen Ji, "According to the sacred book, the country was famous for its past death, and its king's name was Jingde. After the king, the moonlight is famous. Wang has no children and daughters, and often thinks about it every day; Today, I will be old without a gentleman, and if my body collapses, who will be entrusted with the nine halls of the country? I've been thinking about myself. Even if I order all the people to hang on the covers of various palaces according to various science and education, I will be clean, I will support the Tao at six o'clock, and I will pray for the truth. It's been half a year, and I won't back down. Suddenly, one night, Bao Yue Moonlight Queen dreamed that she was a Taoist monarch. She was pure with all the real jade, driving five-color dragons and jade, big scenes and bright rose light. On the way to the emperor's father, you are sitting on the jade of the dragon, holding a baby, and your pores are shining with billions of lights. The palace is painted with colorful colors and floats in the air in front of the building. At that time, the queen was filled with joy and respectfully accepted the gift. She knelt down and said, "You said that the king has no son today, and I would like to beg this son to be the Lord of the country, and I would like to be kind and sad. "You said to the queen," I hope you have a special gift. " The queen thanked her. After the Taoist monarch, take it After the queen received it, she fell asleep from her dream and was pregnant for one year. She was born in the palace at noon on the ninth day of March. When I was born, I was beautiful and full of kingdom flavor, and the color was wonderful, which was appreciated by all viewers.
The prince grew up under Min Hui's wisdom and charity, and all the treasures of his country were given away. He was extremely poor and lonely, helpless, hungry and disabled all sentient beings. The song of benevolence and poverty is well-known and far-reaching, and the world worships the noble prince. His father and the king spoke highly of him.
Later, Wang died suddenly. The prince ruled the government, looked down on the floating life, and called the minister to succeed. There is a road to abandon the country in Pumingxiu's rocky mountain, and he successfully built a temple. He was plundered for 800 years and often abandoned his country collectively. Therefore, give up love. After 800 robberies here, we used drugs to treat diseases, save all beings and make them happy. This robbery is exhausted, and it has gone through 800 robberies. It is convenient to travel widely, to open the spiritual seal of the Taoist scriptures, to restore righteousness, to perform magical powers, to save the world and save people, and to be quiet and remarkable.
After that, I will go through 800 robberies, and I will lose face when I die. So I gave up my flesh and blood, so I practiced three thousand two hundred robberies, and I began to levy Jin Xian. On the seventh day, I naturally felt the Tathagata. If you practice, the jade emperor will be robbed of billions before it can be proved. "
According to the scripture, the age of the Jade Emperor is about10 billion years old, which is roughly equivalent to the age when the universe has not yet formed.
The following are just fictional stories of folk novels. It is not the orthodox belief and religious content of our country. Please treat all novels rationally.
4. According to The Journey to the West, a fictional mythical novel in the Ming Dynasty, the Jade Emperor was born in the Mesozoic Triassic (about 246.8 million years ago). See "The Great Sage Escaped from the Five Elements Mountain in the Eight Diagrams Furnace and Made up His Mind" for the seventh time: "When the Buddha heard this, he sneered:' You are a refined monkey. How dare he deceive his own heart in an attempt to seize the position of the Jade Emperor? He has been practicing since he was a child and has been robbed 1750 times. Every 129600. You calculate, how many years will it take him to enjoy this endless road? You newborn beast, how dare you talk so big! Not the son of man, not the son of man! Fold your life! Convert early, don't talk nonsense! But I'm afraid I'll be killed in an instant, but it's a pity that you are what you are! Triassic is the first period of Mesozoic. From 250 million years ago to 203 million years ago, it lasted about 50 million years. )
5. According to the Legend of the Gods compiled by Ou Yangfei, the Jade Emperor was originally a castellan named Zhang You, also known as Zhang Bai. It is said that since the beginning of time, there has been nothing wrong between heaven and earth. Later, the gods began to fight, and the world was dissolute, which made the three worlds of heaven and earth chaos. So Taibai Venus came down to earth to find a man with both ability and political integrity to be the emperor of the Three Realms. Venus Taibai became a beggar, looking everywhere. Later, when she arrived in Zhangjiawan, she found that Zhang You, known as "Zhang Bairen", managed the village very harmoniously and was kind and compassionate, so she took it back to heaven and became the Jade Emperor. Later, the immortals of the Three Realms invited Zhang Bairen, who was known as the "Heaven Emperor for Life" and "Jade Emperor". Because the Jade Emperor is the chief emperor of the Three Realms, it is also called "Jade Emperor" or "Jade God".
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