How to manage eggplant planting?

Eggplant is a plant that likes temperature and long sunshine. Planting in early spring is easy to obtain high yield, and eggplant listed early has good economic benefits. Around Tomb-Sweeping Day, many farmers began to grow eggplant. However, in the process of planting eggplant in spring, especially in the grasp of planting time, improper time will lead to problems such as falling flowers or low fruit setting rate when eggplant is exposed to high temperature during flowering, and premature planting will suffer from freezing injury or freezing injury, which will seriously affect eggplant yield. So how to manage in the process of planting to improve eggplant yield?

Eggplant planting time. The temperature in the north is relatively low. Eggplants in early spring are usually planted in March-April, and the seedling age can be fixed at about 50 days. Generally, spring sowing in the south is planted in the middle and late March, and seedlings can be planted in about 30 days. In spring, the varieties cultivated in greenhouse can be planted as early as112, and the seedling age can be controlled at 70~ 120 days. The specific time should be adjusted according to the temperature. Generally speaking, the optimum temperature for eggplant germination is 25~35℃, and the lowest temperature is 1 1℃. Generally, it will hinder eggplant germination if it is lower than 10℃.

Seedling raising and transplanting management of eggplant. Eggplant in early spring should choose varieties with early maturity, cold tolerance, good disease and insect resistance and low light tolerance. Generally, seeds are treated at 30℃ 16 hours, and then at 20℃ for 8 hours. High and low temperature treatment is beneficial to improve the uniformity of germination. Then accelerate germination at 28℃, keep the seeds moist during the process of accelerating germination, and sow after more than 80% seeds germinate.

Planting management of eggplant. Eggplant planting should avoid continuous cropping, and try to choose plots without solanaceae crops before planting. In order to facilitate irrigation and drainage, choose a plot with loose and breathable soil and flat terrain. Sufficient base fertilizer should be applied before planting. The eggplant has a long growth period and sufficient base fertilizer is beneficial to prolong the fruiting period. Generally, the base fertilizer should be fully decomposed farmyard manure and potassium sulfate. After all the base fertilizers are applied, the soil should be deeply ploughed to make it loose and evenly fertilized, and at the same time, enough water should be poured about 10 days before planting, which is beneficial to improve the survival rate of planting. Generally, you should choose sunny morning or after 4 pm to avoid planting in rainy weather. Eggplant plants are large, and the planting density should be controlled well, and the spacing between plants should be controlled at about 30 cm.

Water and fertilizer management of eggplant. After planting, water the seedlings once a week, and drip irrigation or small flooding can be carried out according to soil moisture in the later stage. Top dressing should be carried out according to the growth of eggplant in the later stage of watering. Generally, the first topdressing is carried out when eggplant begins to swell, and the topdressing is about 15 kg urea or 20 kg ammonium sulfate per mu, and then every 15~20 days.

Cut off the eggplant. If eggplant branches are dense and not pruned in time, it will affect ventilation. Therefore, it is necessary to remove the side branches below the first branch in time, remove the old yellow leaves and deformed fruits below the eggplant, and increase the ventilation and light transmission ability of the whole plant. After the eggplant grows to 7 fruits, continue to remove the core to promote the fruit expansion and increase the yield per mu.

Control of eggplant diseases and insect pests. The main pests of eggplant are red spider and aphid, and the main diseases are damping-off and verticillium wilt. Timely prevention and control according to the occurrence law of pests and diseases can effectively reduce the impact of pests and diseases.