What are the high-yield tree species suitable for hawthorn trees?

According to the growth and fruiting habits of hawthorn trees, the suitable high-yield tree forms mainly include: trunk double-layer delayed happiness and natural happiness.

(1) The trunk is a two-layer delayed open heart (Figure 92), characterized by the middle trunk; Second, three or four layers of main branches can be left on the trunk in the middle of the young tree period, and become two layers after the full fruit period.

In general, the main branches of 1 layer are mostly 3 or 4, and it is better to arrange them adjacent to each other, so as to suppress the upper power. When there are three main branches on the first floor, the plane included angle is 120 degrees; When there are four main branches, the plane angle is 90 degrees; There are two main branches on the second floor, which are arranged together with the main branches on the 1 floor.

Fig. 92 Heart shape of delayed opening on the second floor of hawthorn trunk.

Hawthorn trees have strict requirements for light, and the distance between layers should be appropriately larger. When the crown is 4.0m, the spacing between layers is about1.2m; When the crown is more than 6 meters, the layer spacing should be about 1.5 meters. In order to prevent the middle branch from being too strong, the middle trunk of the transition layer shall not retain large auxiliary branches and bearing branches.

On the main branch of 1 layer, each main branch can choose 3 side branches or 4 branches. When the lateral branches are too large, the inner cavity branches are easy to weaken or die. For the 1 and 2 side branches on the main branch, auxiliary side branches can be appropriately selected and left out; The main branch on the second floor does not leave any side branches, and the side branch group should pay attention to the retraction control, so as to be transformed into the fruiting branch group.

Hawthorn has a strong top advantage. In order to prevent the tip from overgrowth, the opening angles of the main branches and lateral branches of 1 layer should be larger. The opening angle of the main branches of adult trees should still be kept at about 80 degrees, which is beneficial to inhibit the overgrowth of the top and maintain the growth of the inner cavity branches; The opening angle of the main branch on the second floor should not be too large, so as not to affect the lighting of the lower floor. The suitable opening angle of the main branch on the second floor is about 40 degrees, and the angle of the side branch can be the same as that of the main branch. The angle of the main branch of 1 layer is larger, while the angle of the main branch of the second layer is smaller, which can increase the distance between 1 and the leaf curtain of the second layer, which is beneficial to improve the lighting conditions in the crown and maintain the robust growth of the branch group.

When shaping young trees, it is necessary to make the middle trunk develop slowly upward and promote the rapid elongation and thickening of the main branches of 1 layer; When there are 3 ~ 4 layers of branches left, they will gradually lower their heads and get happy, leaving only 5 big main branches on the second layer to maintain good ventilation and light transmission conditions.

(2) Natural Happiness (Figure 93) This tree is characterized by a central trunk about 60-80 cm high. There are 3-4 main branches scattered on the trunk, on which there are side branches. The whole crown is a natural semicircle, and the height of the tree is about 4 meters.

Fig. 93 Hawthorn tree is naturally happy.

1 and two lateral branches on the main branch of 1 layer should be opened at an angle of about 80 degrees and developed on the syncline. The three main branches of 1 layer and the 1 and two lateral branches on each main branch form the leaf curtain of the whole tree 1 layer; Between the third and fourth branches, the distance is about 30 cm, and the opening angle is 50 ~ 60 degrees, forming the second leaf curtain. The spacing between the first and second leaf curtains should be between 1.2 ~ 1.5 meters, which is beneficial to the ventilation and light transmission of the crown and the growth and development of branches.

Natural happiness trees, because there is no middle, have large space in the middle of the crown, good ventilation and light transmission conditions, vigorous growth of branches in the crown, and tree combinations adapt to the growth and fruiting habits of hawthorn trees.